scholarly journals Cell Integration with Electrospun PMMA Nanofibers, Microfibers, Ribbons, and Films: A Microscopy Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Ura ◽  
Joanna E. Karbowniczek ◽  
Piotr K. Szewczyk ◽  
Sara Metwally ◽  
Mateusz Kopyściański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Culture Study ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Cell Culture Study

Tissue engineering requires properly selected geometry and surface properties of the scaffold, to promote in vitro tissue growth. In this study, we obtained three types of electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) scaffolds—nanofibers, microfibers, and ribbons, as well as spin-coated films. Their morphology was imaged by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and characterized by average surface roughness and water contact angle. PMMA films had a smooth surface with roughness, Ra below 0.3 µm and hydrophilic properties, whereas for the fibers and the ribbons, we observed increased hydrophobicity, with higher surface roughness and fiber diameter. For microfibers, we obtained the highest roughness of 7 µm, therefore, the contact angle was 140°. All PMMA samples were used for the in vitro cell culture study, to verify the cells integration with various designs of scaffolds. The detailed microscopy study revealed that higher surface roughness enhanced cells’ attachment and their filopodia length. The 3D structure of PMMA microfibers with an average fiber diameter above 3.5 µm, exhibited the most favorable geometry for cells’ ingrowth, whereas, for other structures we observed cells growth only on the surface. The study showed that electrospinning of various scaffolds geometry is able to control cells development that can be adjusted according to the tissue needs in the regeneration processes.

Surface Wettability Enhances Osteoblast Adhesion on Silicon-Substituted Hydroxyapatite Thin Films

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 877-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Thian ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
Serena Best ◽  
Zoe H. Barber ◽  
William Bonfield
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Culture Study ◽  
Cell Culture Study ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Osteoblast Adhesion ◽  
Lower Contact

Crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) and 0.8 wt.% silicon-substituted HA (SiHA) thin films were produced using magnetron co-sputtering. These films were subjected to contact angle measurements and in vitro cell culture study using human osteoblast-like (HOB) cells. A wettability study showed that SiHA has a lower contact angle, and thus is more hydrophilic in nature, as compared to HA. Consequently, enhanced cell growth was observed on SiHA at all time-points. Furthermore, distinct and well-developed actin filaments could be seen within HOB cells on SiHA. Thus, this work demonstrated that the surface properties of the coating may be modified by the substitution of Si into the HA structure.

Addition of Cellulose Nanofibers to Control Surface Roughness for Hydrophobic Ceramic Coatings

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 4492-4497
Author(s):  
Eun Ae Shin ◽  
Gye Hyeon Kim ◽  
Jeyoung Jung ◽  
Sang Bong Lee ◽  
Chang Kee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Coating Material ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Water Contact

Hydrophobic ceramic coatings are used for a variety of applications. Generally, hydrophobic coating surfaces are obtained by reducing the surface energy of the coating material or by forming a highly textured surface. Reducing the surface energy of the coating material requires additional costs and processing and changes the surface properties of the ceramic coating. In this study, we introduce a simple method to improve the hydrophobicity of ceramic coatings by implementing a textured surface without chemical modification of the surface. The ceramic coating solution was first prepared by adding cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and then applied to a polypropylene (PP) substrate. The surface roughness increased as the amount of added CNFs increased, increasing the water contact angle of the surface. When the amount of CNFs added was corresponding to 10% of the solid content, the surface roughness average of the area was 43.8 μm. This is an increase of approximately 140% from 3.1 μm (the value of the surface roughness of the surface without added CNFs). In addition, the water contact angle of the coating with added CNF increased to 145.0°, which was 46% higher than that without the CNFs. The hydrophobicity of ceramic coatings with added CNFs was better because of changes in the surface topography. After coating and drying, the CNFs randomly accumulated inside the ceramic coating layer, forming a textured surface. Thus, hydrophobicity was improved by implementing a rugged ceramic surface without revealing the surface of the CNFs inside the ceramic layer.

Preparation of Hydrophobic Nylon Fabric

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501601100
Author(s):  
Jinmei Du ◽  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Jing Dong ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Changhai Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Carboxyl Content ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nylon Fabric ◽  
Butanetetracarboxylic Acid

Surface roughness and surface energy are two important factors affecting the hydrophobicity of nylon fabric. In this study, nylon fabric was treated for hydrophobicity with tetrabutyltitanate (TBT) and octadecylamine (OA) which were respectively responsible for increasing surface roughness and reducing surface energy. In order to enhance the hydrophobicity, In order to further enhance hydrophobicity by increasing available reactive sites, 1,2,3,4–butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) was applied as a pretreatment to the nylon fabric It was found that the carboxyl content of nylon was increased by the BTCA pretreatment. SEM images showed that the TBT treatment produced small particles on nylon fabric which made surface rough. The water contact angle of nylon fabric treated with BTCA, TBT and OA was measured to be 134°, which was much greater than the water contact angle of nylon fabric treated only with OA. This indicated that the surface roughness resulting from the TBT treatment played an important role in improving hydrophobicity of the treated nylon fabric. The resistance to water penetration and the repellency of water spray of nylon fabric treated with BTCA, TBT and OA were respectively measured to be 27.64 mbar and 85 out of 100.

Effect of DC Power on Structural and Hydrophilic Activity of TiO2 Films

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 925-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Salawan ◽  
A. Muakngam ◽  
B. Sukbot ◽  
K. Aiempanakit ◽  
Supattanapong Dumrongrattana
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dc Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In this work, we present the effect of DC power from 100 W to 500 W on the structural and hydrophilic activity of TiO2 films. The TiO2 films were prepared by DC magnetron sputtering on the glass substrate without any external heating. The structure of TiO2 films were analyzed by atomic force microscope and X-ray diffraction. XRD patterns indicated the films were amorphous. The surface roughness and grain size were enlarged by the increasing of the DC power while the substrate temperature was climbed up with the increasing of the DC power. From the point of energetic ion bombardment, it was related with DC power between sputtering processes. The hydrophilic activity of TiO2 films were analyzed by the contact angle meter. The water contact angle decrease with increasing of the DC power.

Controlled Adipose-derived Stromal Cells Differentiation into Adipose and Endothelial Cells in a 3D Structure Established by Cell-assembly Technique

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 31-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingen Xu ◽  
Yongnian Van ◽  
Haixia Liu ◽  
Rui Yag ◽  
Xiaohong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Cell Assembly ◽  
Adipose Tissue Engineering ◽  
Assembly Technique

One of the major obstacles in engineering thick and complex tissues while vascularizing tissues in vitro is to maintain cell viability during tissue growth and structural organization. Adipose-derived stromal (ADS) cells were used to establish a multicellular system through a cell-assembly technique. Attempts were made to control ADS cells differentiation into different targeted cell types according to their positions within an orderly 3D structure. Oil red 0 staining confirmed that the ADS cells in the structure differentiated into adipocytes with a spherical shape while immunostaining tests confirmed that the endothelial growth factor induced ADS cells on the walls of channels differentiated into mature endothelial cells and then organized into tubular structures throughout the engineered 3D structure. The endothelin-1 and nitric oxide release rules of the endothelial cells were coincidental with those in vivo. This study provides a new approach to engineer orderly endothelial vessel networks in vitro and has potential applications in adipose-tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Study On The Effect of Tunicate Cellulose Nanocrystals in The Preparation of Sodium Alginate-Based Enteric Capsule

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezhong Xu ◽  
Yanan Cheng ◽  
Shuai Wu ◽  
Qiuxia Zou ◽  
Ajoy Kanti Mondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Maximum Tensile Stress ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Enteric Capsule

Abstract In this work, the tunicate cellulose nanocrystal (tCNC) was extracted from tunicate by bleaching and acid hydrolysis. It was used as filler in the preparation of sodium alginate-based enteric capsule. The addition of tCNC with high aspect ratio (65) rendered the enteric capsule excellent physical properties. Compared with the control sample, when the addition of tCNC was 10% (wt), the water contact angle of the capsule was enhanced by 46.0%, the opacity was increased by 356.8%, the maximum tensile stress was increased by 142.6%, the modulus of elasticity was increased by 240.3%, and the elongation at break was increased by 133.8%. In the in vitro degradation experiments, the capsule hardly degraded in the gastric environment (pH 1.2), while in the intestinal environment (pH 6.8), the degradation became slower with the increase of tCNC content, which was consistent with the properties of enteric capsule. This research developed a new direction for the application of tCNC in the pharmaceutical material productions.

Effects of Titanium Surface Wettability on Osteoblast Behavior In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Kenta Nisogi ◽  
Satoshi Okano ◽  
Sengo Kobayashi ◽  
Kensuke Kuroda ◽  
Takeaki Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Heat Treated

Surface wettability is thought to influence the osteoconductivity of bone-substituting materials; however, the effects of surface wettability on osteoblast behavior are not well understood. In this study, we prepared both an as-polished pure titanium with a water contact angle (WCA) of 57° and heat-treated pure titanium with more hydrophobic surface and WCAs of 68°-98°. The effects of the surface wettability of pure titanium on osteoblast behaviors were evaluated by in vitro assays. Compared with the as-polished titanium, the proliferation rate of osteoblast increased on heat-treated titanium. This suggested that surface wettability affects osteoblast behaviors, meaning osteoconductivity is influenced by surface wettability.

scholarly journals Emulsion Electrospun Fiber Mats of PCL/PVA/Chitosan and Eugenol for Wound Dressing Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Mouro ◽  
Manuel Simões ◽  
Isabel C. Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Electrospun Fiber ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Fiber Mats

In recent years, the damaging effects of antimicrobial resistance relating to wound management and infections have driven the ongoing development of composite wound dressing mats containing natural compounds, such as plant extracts and their derivatives. The present research reports the fabrication of novel electrospun Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/Chitosan (CS) fiber mats loaded with Eugenol (EUG), an essential oil, known for its therapeutic properties. The electrospun fiber mats were prepared via electrospinning from either water-in-oil (W/O) or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), total porosity measurements, and water contact angle. The in vitro EUG release profile and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were also evaluated. The obtained results proved that the EUG was loaded efficiently into electrospun PCL/PVA/CS fiber mats and the two W/O and O/W emulsions prepared from the PCL/PVA/CS (7 : 3 : 1) and PCL/PVA/CS (3 : 7 : 1) revealed porosity within the ideal range of 60–90%, even when EUG was loaded. The measured contact angle values showed that the O/W emulsion exhibited a more hydrophilic character and the wettability noticeably decreased after adding EUG in both emulsion blends. Furthermore, the electrospun PCL/PVA/CS fiber mats demonstrated a rapid release of EUG during the first 8 hours, which enhanced gradually afterward (up to 120 hours). Moreover, an efficient antibacterial activity against S. aureus (inhibition ratios of 92.43% and 83.08%) and P. aeruginosa (inhibition ratios of 94.68% and 87.85%) was displayed and the in vitro cytotoxic assay demonstrated that the normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) remained viable for at least 7 days, after direct contact with the produced electrospun fiber mats. Therefore, such findings support the biocompatibility and suitability of using these EUG-loaded electrospun PCL/PVA/CS fiber mats as a new innovative wound dressing material with potential for preventing and treating microbial wound infections.

Improved Hydrophobicity of Silicon Dioxide Integrated Zinc-Tellurite Glass Surface

2017 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Syarinie Azmi ◽  
Ramli Arifin ◽  
Sib Krishna Ghoshal
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Glass Surface ◽  
Tellurite Glass ◽  
Hydrophobic Surfaces ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Host Matrix ◽  
The Impact

Economically viable and maintenance free glass surfaces with improved hydrophobicity are highly demanding in the recent nanotechnology era. Deposition of pollutants and dirt on glass surface that not only causes visual obscurity but also damages the cultural heritages are still to be researched intensely. It is documented that excellent hydrophobic surfaces (with contact angle greater than 90o) can be achieved by controlling the surface wettability, where liquid droplets remain spherical on such surfaces. Selection of materials and the preparation method play a significant role towards such accomplishments. Stirred by this idea, we explored the feasibility of fabricating super-hydrophobic tellurite glass systems by facilely varying the compositions of different constituents. Highly transparent and thermally stable ternary tellurite glass system with chemical composition of (80-x)TeO2 – xSiO2 – 20ZnO, where x = 0.00 to 0.20 mol% are synthesized via conventional melt-quenching method. Samples are characterized using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and contact angle measurements. The impact of SiO2 concentrations variation on the surface roughness, surface energy, and hydrophobic properties are inspected. Glass surface roughness as much as 9.885 nm is attained. The optimal value of water contact angle is discerned to be 101.02° for 0.1 mol% of SiO2 incorporation into the amorphous tellurite host matrix. Besides, the surface energy revealed an inverse proportionality to the water contact angle. This achieved contact angle (greater than 90°) makes this hydrophobic glass surface beneficial for diverse applications. It is established that the present glass composition may be prospective for the development of super-hydrophobic surfaces.

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