scholarly journals Photodegradation of Biohazardous Dye Brilliant Blue R Using Organometallic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized through a Green Chemistry Method

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 784
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Sidorowicz ◽  
Tomasz Szymański ◽  
Jakub Dalibor Rybka
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
Silver Nanostructures ◽  
Potential Measurement ◽  
Chemistry Method

Nowadays, nanostructures having tremendous chemical and physical properties are gaining attention in the biomedical industry. However, when they are prepared through classical methods (physical and chemical), they are often non-biocompatible and toxic. Considering the mentioned factors, in this research, organometallic silver nanostructures (OMAgNs) have been prepared by the green chemistry method using the acetone, methanol, and methanol-hexane-based extracts of the medicinally important plant Cichorium intybus. Secondary metabolites from C. intybus can be used as an alternative to synthetic reagents at an industrial scale to manufacture biosafe and economical nanostructures with enhanced physicochemical parameters. Prepared nanostructures were characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA, UV, and zeta potential measurement. SEM analysis revealed different shapes of OMAgNs, prepared with various extracts. XRD analysis showed the crystallinity of the nanostructures. FTIR spectroscopy helped to identify groups of compounds present in the extracts and used for the OMAgNs synthesis. Out of the three tested OMAgNs, those prepared with methanol extract were selected due to the highest obtained yield and stability (highest negative zeta potential) and were tested as a cost-efficient and active agent to photodegrade organic pollutant, Brilliant Blue R, using energy from sunlight. A decrease in UV-VIS absorbance confirmed the rapid degradation of the dye.

How to use alum with cationic dispersed rosin size

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEBO XU ◽  
JEREMY MYERS ◽  
PETER HART
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Streaming Potential ◽  
Excessive Amount ◽  
Paper Machine ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Potential Measurement ◽  
Streaming Current ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laboratory Results

Retention of cationic dispersed rosin size was studied via turbidity measurements on stock filtrate with different alum and dispersed rosin size dosages. Stock charge characteristics were analyzed using both an analysis of charge demand determined via a streaming current detector and an evaluation of zeta potential of the fibers by streaming potential measurement. The results indicated that an optimum amount of alum existed such that good sizing retention was maintained throughout a wide range of dispersed rosin size dosages. However, when an excessive amount of alum was used and fines and colloidal particles were transitioned from anionic to cationic, the cationic size retention was reduced. Laboratory results were confirmed with a paper machine trial. All data suggested that a stock charge study was necessary to identify optimal alum dosage for a cationic dispersed rosin sizing program.

Spark Plasma Sintering of Hybrid Nanocomposites of Hydroxyapatite Reinforced with CNTs and SS316L for Biomedical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Hussain ◽  
Adnan Maqbool ◽  
Abbas Saeed Hakeem ◽  
Fazal Ahmad Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Asif Rafiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Background: The development of new bioimplants with enhanced mechanical and biomedical properties have great impetus for researchers in the field of biomaterials. Metallic materials such as stainless steel 316L (SS316L), applied for bioimplants are compatible to the human osteoblast cells and bear good toughness. However, they suffer by corrosion and their elastic moduli are very high than the application where they need to be used. On the other hand, ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HAP), is biocompatible as well as bioactive material and helps in bone grafting during the course of bone recovery, it has the inherent brittle nature and low fracture toughness. Therefore, to overcome these issues, a hybrid combination of HAP, SS316L and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been synthesized and characterized in the present investigation. Methods: CNTs were acid treated to functionalize their surface and cleaned prior their addition to the composites. The mixing of nano-hydroxyapatite (HAPn), SS316L and CNTs was carried out by nitrogen gas purging followed by the ball milling to insure the homogeneous mixing of the powders. In three compositions, monolithic HAPn, nanocomposites of CNTs reinforced HAPn, and hybrid nanocomposites of CNTs and SS316L reinforced HAPn has been fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Results: SEM analysis of SPS samples showed enhanced sintering of HAP-CNT nanocomposites, which also showed significant sintering behavior when combined with SS316L. Good densification was achieved in the nanocomposites. No phase change was observed for HAP at relatively higher sintering temperatures (1100°C) of SPS and tricalcium phosphate phase was not detected by XRD analysis. This represents the characteristic advantage with enhanced sintering behavior by SPS technique. Fracture toughness was found to increase with the addition of CNTs and SS316L in HAPn, while hardness initially enhanced with the addition of nonreinforcement (CNTs) in HAPn and then decrease for HAPn-CNT-SS316L hybrid nanocomposites due to presence of SS316L. Conclusion: A homogeneous distribution of CNTs and SPS technique resulted in the improved mechanical properties for HAPn-CNT-SS316L hybrid nanocomposites than other composites and suggested their application as bioimplant materials.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of corn starch/PVA/glycerol composite films incorporated with ε-polylysine as a novel antimicrobial packaging material

e-Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Yurong ◽  
Li Dapeng
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Antimicrobial Packaging

AbstractCorn starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/glycerol composite films incorporated with ε-polylysine were prepared, and their properties were investigated. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that the interactions happened between the amino group of ε-polylysine and hydroxyl group starch/PVA composite films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the addition of ε-polylysine decreased the intensity of all crystal peaks. Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis suggested that ε-polylysine improved the thermal stability of composite films. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis showed that the upper surface of composite films incorporated with ε-polylysine presented more compact and flat surface. The antimicrobial activity of the composite film progressively increased with the increasing of ε-polylysine concentration (P < 0.05). The tensile strength, elongation at break and water absorption significantly increased, whereas water solubility decreased with the increasing of ε-polylysine concentration (P < 0.05). Therefore, the corn starch/PVA/glycerol composite films incorporated with ε-polylysine had good mechanical, physical and antimicrobial properties and could have potential application as a novel antimicrobial packaging material.

scholarly journals Development of Nervilia fordii Extract-Loaded Electrospun PVA/PVP Nanocomposite for Antioxidant Packaging

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1728
Author(s):  
Peng Wen ◽  
Teng-Gen Hu ◽  
Yan Wen ◽  
Ke-Er Li ◽  
Wei-Peng Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

An ethyl acetate extract from of Nervilia fordii (NFE) with considerable suppression activity on lipid peroxidation (LPO) was first obtained with total phenolic and flavonoid contents and anti-LPO activity (IC50) of 86.67 ± 2.5 mg GAE/g sample, 334.56 ± 4.7 mg RE/g extract and 0.307 mg/mL, respectively. In order to improve its stability and expand its application in antioxidant packaging, the nano-encapsulation of NFE within poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and polyvinyl(pyrrolidone) (PVP) bio-composite film was then successfully developed using electrospinning. SEM analysis revealed that the NFE-loaded fibers exhibited similar morphology to the neat PVA/PVP fibers with a bead-free and smooth morphology. The encapsulation efficiency of NFE was higher than 90% and the encapsulated NFE still retained its antioxidant capacity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the successful encapsulation of NFE into fibers and their compatibility, and the thermal stability of which was also improved due to the intermolecular interaction demonstrated by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The ability to preserve the fish oil’s oxidation and extend its shelf-life was also demonstrated, suggesting the obtained PVA/PVP/NFE fiber mat has the potential as a promising antioxidant food packaging material.

PREPARATION AND FERROELECTRIC PROPERTY OF (100)-ORIENTED Ca0.4Sr0.6Bi4Ti4O15 THIN FILM ON Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si SUBSTRATE

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUHUA FAN ◽  
QUANDE CHE ◽  
FENGQING ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Ferroelectric Property ◽  
Remanent Polarization ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Si Substrate ◽  
Degree Of Orientation ◽  
Equiaxed Grains

The (100)-oriented Ca0.4Sr0.6Bi4Ti4O15(C0.4S0.6BTi ) thin film was successfully prepared by a sol-gel method on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate. The orientation and formation of thin films under different annealing schedules were studied using XRD and SEM. XRD analysis indicated that (100)-oriented C0.4S0.6BTi thin film with degree of orientation of I(200)/I(119) = 1.60 was prepared by preannealing the film at 400°C for 3 min followed by rapid thermal annealing at 800°C for 5 min. SEM analysis further indicated that the (100)-oriented C0.4S0.6BTi thin film with a thickness of about 800 nm was mainly composed of equiaxed grains. The remanent polarization and coercive field of the film were 16.1 μC/cm2 and 85 kV/cm, respectively.

scholarly journals Sonochemically synthetized ZnO-Graphene nanohybrids and its characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornel Cobianu ◽  
Niculae Dumbravescu ◽  
Bogdan-Catalin Serban ◽  
Octavian Buiu ◽  
Cosmin Romanitan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raman Band ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Carbon Incorporation ◽  
Additional Amount ◽  
Ph Increase ◽  
Compositional Properties ◽  
Crystalline Symmetry

AbstractThe paper presents the morphological, structural and compositional properties of the sonochemically prepared ZnO-1.4wt% Graphene (Z-G) nanocomposites as a function of pH value of suspension varying from 8.5 to 14 and thermal annealing at 450°C in nitrogen or air ambient. The SEM analysis of the Z-G hybrids dried at 150°C in air has shown a nano-flower like nanostructure for a pH value of 14. The XRD analysis of dried Z-G hybrids revealed a crystallite size increase from 3.5 nm to 18.4 nm with pH increase, and this result was explained in terms of colloids zeta potential evolution with pH value. The Raman and EDS spectroscopy have shown a split of the G band (1575 cm−1) of graphene into two bands (1575 cm−1 and 1605 cm−1), an increased height of D (1323 cm−1) band, and an additional amount of carbon due to CO2 absorption from the air, respectively. The carbon incorporation increased with the decrease of pH, and was associated with a hydrozincite phase, Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6. The formation of dried Z-G nanocomposite was clearly demonstrated only at a pH value equal to 14, where two ZnO Raman active bands at 314.9 cm−1 and 428.2 cm−1 appeared. This result may indicate the sensitivity of the Raman spectroscopy to the nanoflower-like nanostructure of dried Z-G hybrids prepared at pH=14. The thermal treatment of Z-G hybrids in N2at 450°C has increased the number of ZnO Raman bands as a function of pH value, it has decreased the amount of additional carbon by conversion of hydrozincite to ZnO and preserved the graphene profile. The thermal treatment in air at 450°C has increased the crystalline symmetry and stoichiometry of the ZnO as revealed by high and narrow Raman band from 99 cm−1 specific to Zn optical phonons, but it has severely affected the graphene profile in the Z-G hybrid, due to combustion of graphene in oxygen from the ambient.

Development of Ternary Concrete Utilizing Agricultural Waste Material

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Kumari ◽  
Dhirendra Singhal ◽  
Rinku Walia ◽  
Ajay Rathee
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Maize Cob

Abstract The present project proposes to utilize rice husk and maize cob husk ash in the cement to mitigate the adverse impact of cement on environment and to enhance the disposal of waste in a sustainable manner. Ternary concrete / MR concrete was prepared by using rise husk and maize cob ash with cement. For the present project, five concrete mixes MR-0 (Control mix), MR-1 (Rice husk ash 10% and MR-2.5%), MR-2 (Rice husk ash 10% and MR-5%), MR-3 (Rice husk ash 10% and MR-2.5%), MR-4 (Rice husk ash 10% and MR-2.5%) were prepared. M35 concrete mix was designed as per IS 10262:2009 for low slump values 0-25mm. The purpose is to find the optimum replacement level of cement in M35 grade ternary concrete for I – Shaped paver blocks.In order to study the effects of these additions, micro-structural and structural properties test of concretes have been conducted. The crystalline properties of control mix and modified concrete are analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that 10% Rice husk ash and 5% maize cob ash replaced with cement produce a desirable quality of ternary concrete mix having good compressive strength. The results of SEM analysis indicated that the morphology of both concrete were different, showing porous structure at 7 days age and become unsymmetrical with the addition of ashes. After 28 day age, the control mix contained more quantity of ettringite and became denser than ternary concrete. XRD analysis revealed the presence of portlandite in large quantity in controlled mix concrete while MR concrete had the partially hydrated particle of alite.

Stress – Strain Analysis on ZnO Nanostructures Synthesized via Wet Chemistry Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Sholehah ◽  
Akhmad Herman Yuwono
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Wet Chemistry ◽  
Chemistry Method ◽  
Hall Method ◽  
Scherrer Equation

In the present work, ZnO nanostructures were synthesized via wet chemistry method. The seeding solution was prepared from zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine. Prior to the heating process, the seeding solution was immersed in cold bath (0°C). XRD analysis had shown sharp peaks in diffractogram, indicating the high crystallinity of ZnO nanostructures. The crystallite size was determined using Scherrer equation and Williamson-Hall method. Other relevant parameters including stress, strain, and energy density were calculated using Williamson-Hall assuming UDM, UDSM, and UDEDM. The results had revealed that crystallite size calculated with Williamson-Hall method is more accurate than Scherrer equation.

Synthesis of Magnesia Powder from East Java Dolomite through Leaching, Precipitation and Calcination

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 550-554
Author(s):  
M. Zaki Mubarok ◽  
Christian Adi Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Leach Solution ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Crystal Water ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Co Precipitation

At the present paper, a process of magnesia (MgO) synthesis from East Java dolomite through hydrochloride acid leaching, precipitation and calcination as well as characteristic of the product is discussed. Results of the experimental works show that the dissolution rate of magnesium and calcium from dolomite in hydrochloride acid solution was very rapid. Complete magnesium extraction was obtained by the leaching test with acid concentration of 1.5 molar, particle size distribution of -325#, solid-liquid ratio 1:20 (g/mL), stirring speed 200 rpm at room temperature after only 10 seconds. Precipitation of Mg(OH)2 by the addition of 20% (v/v) CaO slurry into pregnant leach solution resulted in 97.5% Mg precipitation after 1 minute. Solution pH must be maintained at a level of 10-10.5 by adjusting CaO addition in order to minimize calcium co-precipitation and to obtain high purity of Mg(OH)2 precipitate. Calcinations of Mg(OH)2 were performed at temperature range of 550-800°C in which 99% of crystal water removal took place after 5 minute at temperature of 800°C. Lower temperature requires longer time of crystalline water removal from Mg(OH)2. XRF analysis showed MgO purity of 88% with the main impurities of calcium and chloride. XRD analysis detected the presences of calcium as calcite (CaCO3) and portlandite (Ca(OH)2) as impurities in the MgO product. SEM analysis of the MgO powder revealed a nano size of MgO with particle diameter of about 50 nm.

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