scholarly journals European Medicinal Leeches—New Roles in Modern Medicine

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Sarah Lemke ◽  
Andreas Vilcinskas
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Medicinal Leeches

Before the advent of modern medicine, natural resources were widely used by indigenous populations for the prevention and treatment of diseases. The associated knowledge, collectively described as folk medicine or traditional medicine, was largely based on trial-and-error testing of plant extracts (herbal remedies) and the use of invertebrates, particularly medicinal maggots of the blowfly Lucilia sericata and blood-sucking leeches. The widespread use of traditional medicine in the West declined as scientific advances allowed reproducible testing under controlled conditions and gave rise to the modern fields of biomedical research and pharmacology. However, many drugs are still derived from natural resources, and interest in traditional medicine has been renewed by the ability of researchers to investigate the medical potential of diverse species by high-throughput screening. Likewise, researchers are starting to look again at the benefits of maggot and leech therapy, based on the hypothesis that the use of such animals in traditional medicine is likely to reflect the presence of specific bioactive molecules that can be developed as drug leads. In this review, we consider the modern medical benefits of European medicinal leeches based on the systematic screening of their salivary proteins.

Dissemination, Health Features, Production and Agriculture of Turkestan Lion Plants in The Territory of Uzbekistan.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A.Misirov ◽  
A.M. Islamov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Health Features

The article describes the species of mammalian lion, which is widespread in Uzbekistan and describes its use in folk medicine, chemical composition, the use of herbal remedies in modern medicine, and the ways of preserving the natural resources of cultivating the Turkestan lion.

The Importance of Using Medicinal Plants and Natural Products in Order to Treat Depression, Regarding Iranian Traditional and Islamic Medicine and Laboratory Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Fathi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh ◽  
Ramin Ataie ◽  
Shahram Eslami ◽  
Niusha Esmaealzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Library Resources

Introduction: Depression is a chronic and common disease and is currently used to treat antidepressants such as tricyclics, which sometimes lead to the activity of certain brain chemicals called neurotransmitters. The use of chemical and industrial drugs by their patients can be due to the lack of treatment for depression. Therefore, in order to promote health, the use of natural products and herbs, and clinical trials and studies with traditional medicine approaches to the treatment of depression is important. In the past, natural products have also been used. The Qurchr('39')an and Islam, while analyzing the causes and phenomena of depression, have addressed the ways of its treatment. In particular, this study has been conducted in line with the on the revival of traditional Iranian and Islamic medicine, and it seems necessary. Material and Methods: In this paper, materials based on electronic library resources, including scientific articles and relevant books from foreign and domestic authoritative journals and websites, have been conducted with proper keyword searches. The medicinal herbs used in depression in traditional medicine and modern medicine, the teachings of the Islamic religion, the reports presented in this regard in English and Persian, and the experiences of the several years of research on various indigenous herbs seeking research You know, it was a benchmark for study and was studied after collection. Results: In traditional medicine, for the treatment of many diseases, such as depression and anxiety, some herbs such as Citrus aurantium L. and Ocimum basilicum have been known and used for many years. Studies on Echium amoenum L. and Feijoa sellowiana have also been carried out today. It is also used to treat acupuncture. In traditional medicine, and of course, Islam and the Quran, depression has been discussed and appropriate solutions have been presented. So that natural products derived from medicinal plants are known and recommended. Meanwhile, in Islam and the Qurchr('39')an, healthy, halal and herbal remedies have also been addressed. In ancient Traditional Iranian medicine, it has been given great importance to the theme of sport, heroism and its moral outcomes. Also, Islamic scholars believed in the benefits of spiritual education and its role in physical strengthening. Relaxing exercises also significantly reduced depression. Conclusion: Given that patients with depression may be susceptible to suicide due to frustration. The use of medicinal herbs and traditional medicine and Iranian medicine, in view of their desirable, natural and safe effects, is necessary. According to Islamic texts, practical commitment to Islamic beliefs can be a deterrent to many psychological disorders. Reading the Qurchr('39')an, believing in God, practicing the teachings of the Qurchr('39')an and prayer, and other divine duties are also effective in creating calm and promoting the health and treatment of diseases such as depression.

scholarly journals A study on the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of Diarrhoea and Dysentery in Khag tehsil of District Budgam of Jammu and Kashmir

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Tawseef Ahmad Mir ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Khare ◽  
Muatasim Jan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Primary Health

People are using medicinal plants to alleviate diseases since the time immemorial. The present paper enumerates a total of 25 medicinal plants belonging to 19 families used for the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery diseases in Khag tehsil of district Budgam, Jammu and Kashmir. Asteraceae was the dominant family. Leaves were found to be dominant plant used for the preparation of herbal remedies. It was found that in this era of modern medicine, people are still relied on traditional medicine to get their primary health care. It was also revealed medicinal plants are under serious threat and needs to be conserved as so as to enjoy this legacy in future too.

scholarly journals Traditional Knowledge of Medicinal Plants Used in the Northeastern Part of Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Mohammed Reda Kachmar ◽  
Hanae Naceiri Mrabti ◽  
Meryem Bellahmar ◽  
Abdelilah Ouahbi ◽  
Zoubida Haloui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Origanum Compactum ◽  
Pharmacological Screening ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

The knowledge of the plants that are used may provide insight on their properties for further exploration. This study aimed to identify and collect data about medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by the population of the provincial region of Taza, Morocco. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out among 200 informants, competent villagers, herbalists, and traditional healers from the provincial region of Taza city through direct interviews using a structured questionnaire. The survey reported 55 plant species belonging to 28 families used in the folk medicine. Informants’ results showed that the most frequently used plants were Origanum compactum, Mentha pulegium, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Aloysia citrodora, Calamintha officinalis Moench, and Artemisia herba-alba Asso., with a relative frequency of citation of 76%, 72%, 60%, 42%, 40%, and 30%, respectively. Moreover, in this study, the Lamiaceae family was the most commonly reported plant family, and the leaves were the most frequently used parts of the plants; otherwise, decoction and infusion were the most used modes in the preparation of remedies from medicinal plants in the traditional medicine. The sociodemographic characteristics showed that women use medicinal plants slightly more than men, the illiterate people use the medicinal plant the most, and old people have more information about the medicinal plants than the new generations. The region of Taza of Morocco has an important floristic biodiversity of medicinal plants which are used in traditional medicine practice. This result provides a good database for pharmacological screening in the search for new plants that can contain new bioactive molecules that can be used as a bioactive ingredient of medicament or as a biological alternative in pharmacology.

scholarly journals The governance of traditional medicine and herbal remedies in the selected local markets of Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Kibet Chebii ◽  
John Kaunga Muthee ◽  
Karatu Kiemo
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Traditional Governance

Abstract BackgroundA lot of emphasis has always been placed on modern governance systems and little or no attention is given to traditional governance practices which remain largely undocumented. This study aimed at finding out important traditional and modern governance practices that regulate traditional medicine sector. There is a growing demand for traditional medicine in urban settings in spite of its proximity to conventional health care centres and access to modern medicine. However, questions about their safety and efficacy still remain to be adequately addressed Materials and Methods The study was carried out in selected market centres in the Western part of Kenya where the identified traditional medicine practitioners sell their traditional medicine and treat patients who come for medication. All the identified Professional Experts upon attaining an oral prior informed consent were interviewed at their offices in Nairobi, Kenya. The market centres were located at Eldoret, Kitale, Moi’s Bridge, Makutano, Arror, Kakamega, Luanda and Yala which are actually spread out in eight different administrative counties. Purposive sampling design with elements of snow ball techniques were employed in tracing competent traditional medicine ‘experts’ and relevant professional experts. Interviews were conducted upon obtaining prior oral informed consents using semi structured questionnaires. The data collected was entered in Microsoft Excel where descriptive statistics namely, averages/mean, frequencies and percentage descriptive statistics were conducted. The Pearson’s Chi square statistics was performed on the traditional and modern governance data sets using the STATA software and data presented using tables, bar and column graphs. Results Modern governance practices were not significantly different in all the market centres surveyed (p=0.080). Equally, the traditional governance practices were also not significantly different in all the selected market centres (p=1.000). Most traditional medicine practitioners (65%) purely survived on traditional medicine as a source of livelihood with few practitioners (35%) selling beads, calabashes, tobacco and even sweets/candy alongside traditional medicine. There was low level of (27%) awareness on the existing laws and policies despite having high levels of compliance on county by-laws (100%) and payment of charged market fees (96%). Conclusions Traditional governance practices are as important as the modern governance practices and should receive heightened attention and interest both by the national and county systems of government. In most cases, the traditional governance practitioners determine eligibility for traditional medicine practice even before the practitioner acquires a formal certificate of recognition or registration. The traditional governance practices are closely guided by the socio-cultural beliefs of the local communities. Modern governance practices are often seen as top down regulation of the traditional medicine sector where the traditional medicine practitioners feel alienated from the making of laws that affect them directly. Good laws and policies are not enough, education awareness campaigns to increase awareness among the traditional medicine practitioners and gather feedback is much needed in order to meet their needs and aspirations and ultimately grow the traditional medicine sector.

Discovery of Channa striata extracts as regenerative medicine in promoting wound healing and scarless skin regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Hong Kwan ◽  
Mohd Nazri Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Channa Striatus ◽  
Wound Recovery ◽  
Channa Striata ◽  
Medicinal Properties

: Channa striata (also known as Channa striatus) is an air-breathing freshwater snakehead fish which is well known in the Asian region for its medicinal properties, particularly in wound healing. It is recognised as a traditional medicine (TM) which can be served as alternative treatment methods. With the advancement of technology, researchers have made a lot of progress in characterising the biomolecules of this fish. Various types of bioactive molecules have been identified in the fish, and their therapeutic effects are being studied.The C. striata have exhibited antibacterial, antinociceptive and effective wound recovery property through various pharmacology assays. It has been regarded as a source of traditional medicine which could complement modern medicine in promoting human health. The applications of C. striata extracts by practitioners in treating different illnesses are discussed. Besides, the approaches towards scarless wound in future applications involving the snakehead fish are also highlighted. Challenges and solutions to develop an aquatic-derived drug were also covered.The Channa striata extract as a natural product has shown great prospect for wound healing enhancement. Many biomolecules associated with antibacterial and antinociceptive properties, which are crucial for healthy wound recovery were identified in the species. Significant advances and researches in the region have successfully led to a better understanding of the species, which provide a promising future for drug development.

scholarly journals Traditional knowledge of invertebrates used for medicine and magical–religious purposes by traditional healers and indigenous populations in the Plateau Department, Republic of Benin

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Estelle Yêyinou Loko ◽  
Sédami Medegan Fagla ◽  
Azize Orobiyi ◽  
Bienvenu Glinma ◽  
Joelle Toffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Republic Of Benin

Abstract Background Since ancient times, invertebrates have played an important role in the traditional medicine in many parts of the world. In south-eastern Benin, more specifically in the Plateau Department, invertebrates are widely used in folk medicine. However, studies on their therapeutic use has been neglected and their magical–religious purposes are poorly understood. The present study aims to document traditional knowledge related to the use of invertebrates for medicinal and magical–religious purposes by traditional healers and indigenous people of Plateau Department. Methods An ethno-sociological survey was conducted with 145 informants (80 traditional healers, 12 merchants of medicinal animals and 53 households) belonging to six ethnic groups, in 20 villages located in Plateau of Benin. Data were collected through the participatory rural appraisal method involving individual interviews and direct observations with semi-structured questionnaires. The collected data regarding various medicinal and magical–religious uses of invertebrates were analysed through informant consensus factor (ICF), use value (UV) and, fidelity level (FL). Results A total of 20 families and 38 species of invertebrates, distributed among 6 taxonomic categories, were found to be used to treat 50 different ailments. Insects occupied 64.7% of the total invertebrates listed. The African earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae K. and African giant snail Achatina achatina L. had the highest use values. The highest ICF value (1.0) was cited for diseases of the blood or blood-forming organs. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the influence of ethnic groups in the diseases treated with invertebrates. The highest FL (100%) was recorded for 12 invertebrate species treating various ailments. Most of invertebrate-based remedies were associated with plant species. The mode of administration was mainly oral and topical. Most of the invertebrate drugs were traditionally collected in nature or imported, mainly from Nigeria. In addition, 7 magical–religious practices are documented. Conclusions Our results reveal that several invertebrate species play an important role in healing practices and magical–religious rituals in the Plateau Department. We suggest further studies to confirm the presence of any bioactive compounds on invertebrate species use in traditional medicine. In addition, this study highlights the need for ecological investigations of these species, in order to develop strategies for their conservation and sustainable use.

Mental health issues among indigenous communities and the role of traditional medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Cianconi ◽  
Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana ◽  
Antonio Ventriglio ◽  
Luigi Janiri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cochrane Library

Introduction: Mental health in indigenous communities is a relevant issue for the World Health Organization (WHO). These communities are supposed to live in a pure, clean and intact environment. Their real condition is far different from the imaginary; they are vulnerable populations living in difficult areas, exposed to pollution, located far from the health services, exposed to several market operations conducted to extract natural resources, facing criminal groups or illegal exploitation of land resources. These factors may have an impact on mental health of indigenous population. Methods: We reviewed all papers available on PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library until December 2018. We focused on those factors affecting the changes from a traditional to a post-modern society and reviewed data available on stress-related issues, mental distress affecting indigenous/aboriginal communities and the role of Traditional Medicine (TM). We reviewed articles from different countries hosting indigenous communities. Results: The incidence of mental distress and related phenomena (e.g. collective suicide, alcoholism and violence) among indigenous populations is affected by political and socio-economic variables. The mental health of these populations is poorly studied and described even if mental illness indicators are somewhat alarming. TM still seems to have a role in supporting affected people and may reduce deficiencies due to poor access to medical insurance/coverage, psychiatry and psychotherapy. It would be helpful to combine TM and modern medicine in a healthcare model to face indigenous populations’ health needs. Conclusion: This review confirms the impact of societal changes, environmental threats and exploitation of natural resources on the mental health of indigenous populations. Global Mental Health needs to deal with the health needs of indigenous populations as well as psychiatry needs to develop new categories to describe psychopathology related to social variance as recently proposed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5).

scholarly journals Updated review on venomous snakebites, therapeutic uses and future prospects of Indian traditional medicine

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesarajan Joseph ◽  
Sathishkumar Durairaj ◽  
Oviya Gowthaman ◽  
Vinoth Kumar Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
Therapeutic Uses ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Public Health

Herbal medicines can make therapeutic drugs and are an essential part of the worldwide healthcare system. Plants have always been an essential part of many indigenous peoples' life. Snakebite is a typical tropical condition that goes unnoticed. Snakebite is still a significant public health issue in many parts of the world, particularly in India, where the disease is particularly prevalent. Morbidity and mortality rates among rural and indigenous populations in the country are among the highest in the world. The problem is made worse by people delaying or refusing to seek medical care because they believe in traditional healers. People worldwide use plants to treat poisonous snakebites as folk medicine. Five hundred twenty-three plant species belonging to the 122 families are recognized as a source of drugs/compounds recognized as a possible cure for snakebite. However, this assessment is limited to a small number of essential plants used in snakebite poisoning in India. The most important groups from which various plants are employed include Acanthaceae, Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Fab Lamiaceae and Moraceae. In this investigation, phytocompounds with anti-venom action were discovered in 29 plants belonging to 22 families used as a traditional medicine to treat poisonous snakebites.

Level of use and public awareness in consumption of traditional medicines in work area of Health Center Gombong I

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul Kiromah ◽  
Tri Cahyani Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Minor Ailments

Indonesia has 20,000 types of plants where 300 species have been used as traditional medicines. The use of traditional medicine as an alternative treatment in Indonesia that has been used by both rural and urban communities. The use of traditional medicine is considered safer than modern medicine. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of use of traditional medicine and public awareness in the use of traditional medicine in work area of  Health Center Gombong 1 which consists of 5 villages. This research is a non-experimental and descriptive research that uses a questionnaire. Respondents who participated in this study were 140 people. The characteristics of respondents who participated in this study were the majority of men (50,71%), last educated of elementary school (41,43%), as housewives (27,86%). The majority of people in work area of Health Center Gombong choose treatment with modern medicine (64,29%). In addition there are 35,71% using traditional medicine and the majority use rhizome species (46%) for the treatment of minor ailments. In this study also showed that the majority of people do not know the safety of traditional medicines (50%) due to lack of information so that information is needed on the benefits and safety and the use of good and appropriate traditional medicines.

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