MicroRNA, Diabetes Mellitus and Colorectal Cancer

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrinological disorder that is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the body does not respond appropriately to insulin. There are many complications of DM such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy. In addition to these complications, DM was reported to be associated with different cancers. In this review, we discuss the association between DM and colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide that mostly affects older people, however, its incidence and mortality are rising among young people. We discuss the relationship between DM and CRC based on their common microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers. miRNAs are non-coding RNAs playing important functions in cell differentiation, development, regulation of cell cycle, and apoptosis. miRNAs can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in CRC cells. miRNAs also can improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, investigating the common miRNA biomarkers of both DM and CRC can shed a light on how these two diseases are correlated and more understanding of the link between these two diseases can help the prevention of both DM and CRC.

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Breathing Movements in Entobdella Soleae (Trematoda, Monogenea) from the Skin of the Common Sole

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315400004471 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 93-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

G. C. Kearn

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Content ◽

Sea Water ◽

The Body ◽

Scyliorhinus Canicula ◽

Solea Solea ◽

Flat Fish ◽

The Common ◽

The Relationship ◽

Common Sole

An undulating movement of the body was observed in Entobdella soleae, a monogenean found on the blind surface of a mud-dwelling flat-fish, Solea solea, at Plymouth. The movement is described and shown to have a breathing function, the rate of undulation increasing with decreasing oxygen content of the ambient sea water and vice versa.The relationship between the movement and micro-habitat is discussed and the phenomenon is compared with breathing movements in other muddwelling animals.A similar movement was noted in three other skin-parasitic monogeneans: Acanthocotyle sp. from Raia clavata, Pseudocotyle squatinae from Squatina squatina and Leptocotyle minor from Scyliorhinus canicula.

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Association between apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage and microsatellite instability status in colorectal cancer

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-020-01520-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wen-juan Huang ◽

Xin Wang ◽

Meng-lin Zhang ◽

Li Li ◽

Rui-tao Wang

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Microsatellite Instability ◽

High Frequency ◽

The Body ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Cellular Debris ◽

Favorable Clinical Outcome ◽

Apoptosis Inhibitor ◽

The Relationship ◽

Apoptosis Inhibitor Of Macrophage

Abstract Background The microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has a more favorable clinical outcome and is characterized by highly upregulated expression of various immunological checkpoints than microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is a circulating protein and circulates throughout the body to remove cellular debris. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between MSI status and AIM levels in CRC patients. Methods In this study, we evaluated the levels of AIM by Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) in serum of 430 CRC patients. All patients’ clinical and laboratory characteristics at initial diagnosis were collected. The relationship between AIM levels and MSI status was examined. Results 64 patients (14.9%) were identified as having MSI-H (high-frequency MSI) and 366 casess (85.1%) having MSS. Patients with an MSI-H phenotype had lower AIM levels compared with MSS patients. Moreover, AIM levels were correlated with histological type and MSI status. Logistic regression analysis revealed that decreased AIM levels were independently associated with MSI-H phenotype after adjusting confounding factors. Conclusion Reduced AIM levels are associated with MSI-H subtyping of CRC. Further research on the involvement of AIM in MSI-H CRC is needed.

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Reduced MLH3 Expression in the Syndrome of Gan-Shen Yin Deficiency in Patients with Different Diseases

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/4109828 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Juan Du ◽

Maofeng Zhong ◽

Dong Liu ◽

Shufang Liang ◽

Xiaolin Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Chinese Medicine ◽

Roc Analysis ◽

Primary Liver Cancer ◽

The Body ◽

Metabolic Characteristics ◽

Yin Deficiency ◽

Body Constitution ◽

Deficiency Group ◽

The Relationship

Traditional Chinese medicine formulates treatment according to body constitution (BC) differentiation. Different constitutions have specific metabolic characteristics and different susceptibility to certain diseases. This study aimed to assess the characteristic genes of gan-shen Yin deficiency constitution in different diseases. Fifty primary liver cancer (PLC) patients, 94 hypertension (HBP) patients, and 100 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients were enrolled and classified into gan-shen Yin deficiency group and non-gan-shen Yin deficiency group according to the body constitution questionnaire to assess the clinical manifestation of patients. The mRNA expressions of 17 genes in PLC patients with gan-shen Yin deficiency were different from those without gan-shen Yin deficiency. However, considering all patients with PLC, HBP, and DM, only MLH3 was significantly lower in gan-shen Yin deficiency group than that in non-gen-shen Yin deficiency. By ROC analysis, the relationship between MLH3 and gan-shen Yin deficiency constitution was confirmed. Treatment of MLH3 (−/− and −/+) mice with Liuweidihuang wan, classical prescriptions for Yin deficiency, partly ameliorates the body constitution of Yin deficiency in MLH3 (−/+) mice, but not in MLH3 (−/−) mice. MLH3 might be one of material bases of gan-shen Yin deficiency constitution.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CALPROTECTIN AND PARAMETERS OF LIPID AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM, ANTHROPOMETRIC AND INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2

Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії ◽

10.31718/2077-1096.19.2.16 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 16-18

Author(s):

M. I. Zhuravlova

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽

The Body ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽

The Relationship

Nowadays, an acute myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of mortality among the population. The EHS-DH registry data clearly illustrate the association between the comorbidities and high mortality following acute myocardial infarction during a year period of follow up. The pronounced influence of carbohydrate metabolism disturbances on the survival of such patients has already been reported. The aim of the study was to analyze the immune inflammation relationships based on assessing calprotectin and the parameters of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, to evaluate the presence and nature of the relationship between these parameters and carbohydrate metabolism parameters based on the study of blood glucose, insulin and insulin resistance (by the indices HOMA, QUICKI, Caro), anthropometric indicators and inflammatory indicators (monocyte and neutrophile levels). Materials and methods. The study included 64 patients (mean age 65, 31 ± 1.62 years) with acute myocardial infarction and concomitant diabetes mellitus type 2. The design of the study included the primary laboratory investigation of patients during the first day since the onset of acute myocardial infarction with the elevation of the ST segment before the initiation of thrombolytic therapy or percutaneous intervention. The direct correlation between the calprotectin concentration and the HOMA insulin resistance index (R = 0.52; p <0.05), insulinemia (R = 0.57; p <0.05), fasting glycaemia (R = 0, 59; p <0.05), as well as inverse correlation relationships between the Caro index (R = 0.68; p <0.05) and the QUICKI index (R = 0.59; p <0.05) were found out. Moreover, a direct correlation between calprotectin and triglyceride levels (R = 0.31; p <0.05), and negative correlation with high density lipoprotein (R = 0.35; p <0.05) was established as well. The level of total cholesterol and low density lipoproteins showed no significant association with the proinflammatory factor (R = 0.12; p> 0.05 and R = 0.18; p> 0.05, respectively). Conclusions. The increase in the body mass index and the activity of serum monocytes and neutrophils is associated with high concentrations of calprotectin that is accompanied by disturbances of carbohydrate homeostasis towards the growth of insulin resistance and changes of lipidograms of proatherrogenic nature.

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Relationship Of Abdominal Circumference, BMI and Sweet Food Consumption with Diabetes Mellitus in Adults 26-45 Years Old in DKI Jakarta (Riskesdas 2018 Analysis)

Indonesian Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.52023/ijns.v1i2.3189 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

Anisa Putri Etika Ramadena ◽

Sintha Fransiske Simanungkalit ◽

A’immatul Fauziyah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

The Body ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Chi Square ◽

Sweet Foods ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus occurs, one of which is characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to insulin abnormalities or insulin action (Perkeni, 2015). The 2018 Riskesdas survey showed an increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in people over 15 years of age. High carbohydrate intake can affect the incidence of diabetes mellitus. This is caused carbohydrates that have been broken down by the body into glucose will be circulated throughout the body and the glucose balance will be controlled by the pancreas by releasing the hormone insulin. If a insulin produced is few, the glucose level in the blood will be excess and increase the occurrence of hyperglycemia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between consumption of sweet foods, body mass index and abdominal circumference with the incidence of diabetes mellitus in adults aged 26-45 years in DKI Jakarta based on the Riskesdas 2018 analysis. The results of the bivariate test with chi square showed a relationship between consumption of sweet foods (p = 0,000), body mass index (p = 0,000) and abdominal circumference (p = 0,000) with the incidence of diabetes mellitus. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between consumption of sweet foods, body mass index and abdominal circumference with the incidence of diabetes mellitus in adults aged 26-45 years in DKI Jakarta.

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The effect of aspirin on colorectal cancer incidence in African Americans.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.4085 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 4085-4085

Author(s):

Oluwadunni Emiloju ◽

Djeneba Audrey Djibo ◽

Jean G Ford

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

African Americans ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Using Data ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽

The Relationship

4085 Background: From 2011 to 2016, the incidence and mortality rate of colorectal cancer(CRC) were highest among African Americans(AA), compared to other US racial/ethnic groups. Long-term aspirin use is recommended as a strategy to reduce the risk of CRC. Yet, there is scant information on the chemopreventive effect of aspirin among AA. It is imperative to assess whether the reported chemo-preventive effect also occurs in AA. Our central hypothesis is that aspirin use in AA is associated with a lower incidence of CRC, irrespective of race/ethnicity. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis, using data from AA participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities(ARIC) longitudinal study, who did not have CRC at enrollment, from 1987 to 1998. We extracted demographic, clinical and mortality data to compare the incidence of CRC among participants taking aspirin compared to those who were not taking aspirin, stratified by age, tobacco use, and body mass index. All-cause mortality and CRC mortality will also be assessed, and we will use Cox proportional hazard regression to determine the relationship between aspirin use and CRC incidence, and mortality. Results: At baseline in 1987, 15,026 participants enrolled in the ARIC study, 25% of whom were AA, median age 54(range 44-66), including 46.7% who reported using aspirin. We analyzed follow-up data from 10,960 participants in 1996-1998, 20% of whom were AA, and 56.9% of whom were taking aspirin. Non-AA participants were more likely to report using aspirin at baseline and follow-up, compared to AA, 53% vs 30% and 59% vs 50% respectively. After 10years, the total incidence of CRC in AA participants was 1% compared with 1.1% in non-AA(p = 0.7). There was no difference in CRC incidence by aspirin use among all participants, and when stratified by race(among all participants p = 0.81, amongAA p = 0.68, among non-AA p = 0.94). Conclusions: We found no difference in the incidence of CRC among AA compared to Caucasians, by aspirin use. Investigation of consistency and/or dose of aspirin use by race may provide further insights on the relationship between aspirin use and CRC incidence, comparing AA to Caucasians.

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The lives of subjects

Changes of State ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691141930.003.0007 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Annabel S. Brett

Keyword(s):

Common Good ◽

Body Politic ◽

The State ◽

The Body ◽

Ontological Status ◽

The Common ◽

The Law ◽

The Individual ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

This chapter discusses the relationship of the state to its subjects as necessarily physically embodied beings. The primary way in which the commonwealth commands its subjects is through the medium of its law. The law is for the common good and obliges the community as a whole, and thus the ontological status of the law—as distinct from any particular command of a superior to an individual—is intimately tied to that of the body politic. The question, then, concerning the relationship of the state to the natural body of the individual can be framed in terms of the extent of the obligation of the civil law.

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