scholarly journals The Effects of Obesity on Lymphatic Pain and Swelling in Breast Cancer Patients

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Mei Rosemary Fu ◽  
Deborah Axelrod ◽  
Amber Guth ◽  
Melissa L. McTernan ◽  
Jeanna M. Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Symptom Experience ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Arm Swelling

Lymphatic pain and swelling due to lymph fluid accumulation are the most common and debilitating long-term adverse effects of cancer treatment. This study aimed to quantify the effects of obesity on lymphatic pain, arm, and truncal swelling. Methods: A sample of 554 breast cancer patients were enrolled in the study. Body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and body fat mass were measured using a bioimpedance device. Obesity was defined as a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. The Breast Cancer and Lymphedema Symptom Experience Index was used to measure lymphatic pain, arm, and truncal swelling. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) to quantify the effects of obesity. Results: Controlling for clinical and demographic characteristics as well as body fat percentage, obesity had the greatest effects on lymphatic pain (OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.87–6.50; p < 0.001) and arm swelling (OR 3.98, 95% CI 1.82–4.43; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Obesity is a significant risk factor for lymphatic pain and arm swelling in breast cancer patients. Obesity, lymphatic pain, and swelling are inflammatory conditions. Future study should explore the inflammatory pathways and understand the molecular mechanisms to find a cure.

scholarly journals Probiotics for the Treatment of Docetaxel-Related Weight Gain of Breast Cancer Patients—A Single-Center, Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Juan ◽  
Zhang Qing ◽  
Liang Yongping ◽  
Liyuan Qian ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Breast Cancer Treatment ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Fat Percentage

Background: Docetaxel is an important chemotherapy-agent for breast cancer treatment. One of its side-effects is weight gain, which increases the all-cause mortality rate. Considering gut microbiota is one important factor for weight regulation, we hypothesized that probiotics could be potentially used to reduce the docetaxel-related weight gain in breast cancer patients.Methods: From 10/8/2018 to 10/17/2019, 100 breast cancer (Stage I-III) patients underwent four cycles of docetaxel-based chemotherapy were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Enterococcus faecalis) or placebo (supplementary material of the probiotics capsule) treatment for 84 days with three capsules per time, twice/day. The primary outcome: the changes in body weight and body-fat percentage of the patients were measured by a designated physician using a fat analyzer, and the secondary outcomes: the fasting insulin, plasma glucose, and lipids were directly obtained from the Hospital Information System (HIS); The metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); The fecal microbiome was analyzed using bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence. All indicators were measured 1 day before the first cycle of docetaxel-based chemotherapy and 21 days after the last cycle of docetaxel-based chemotherapy.Results: Compared with the placebo group, the probiotic group showed significantly smaller changes in body weight (Mean [SD] 0.77 [2.58] vs. 2.70 [3.08], P = 0.03), body-fat percentage (Mean [SD] 0.04 [1.14] vs. 3.86 [11.09], P = 0.02), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) (Mean [SD]−0.05[0.68] vs. 0.39 [0.58], P = 0.002). Moreover, five of the 340 detected plasma metabolites showed significant differences between the two groups. The change of biliverdin dihydrochloride (B = −0.724, P = 0.02) was inverse correlated with weight gain. One strain of the phylum and three strains of the genus were detected to be significantly different between the two groups. Also, the changes of Bacteroides (B = −0.917, P &lt; 0.001) and Anaerostipes (B = −0.894, P &lt; 0.001) were inverse correlated with the change of LDL.Conclusions: Probiotics supplement during docetaxel-based chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment may help to reduce the increase in body weight, body-fat percentage, plasma LDL, and minimize the metabolic changes and gut dysbacteriosis.Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=24294, ChiCTR-INQ-17014181.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Newly Diagnosed Malaysian Breast Cancer Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 120s-120s
Author(s):  
S.J. Kiew ◽  
T. Islam ◽  
N.A. Taib ◽  
H.A. Majid ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: The incidence of breast cancer has increased in South East Asian (SEA) women. Malaysia has the highest obesity rates in SEA. Malaysian Breast Cancer Survivorship Cohort (MyBCC) study is a hospital-based prospective cohort study that aims to study the association between lifestyle factors and overall survival and quality of life of Malaysian breast cancer patients. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increasing levels of inflammatory cytokines and leptin that can stimulate cell proliferation through various mechanisms, hence indicating both an increased risk of developing breast cancer and a poorer prognosis. However, there is very scarce information available on the presence of MS among the newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. This is an early report of the presence of MS in the MyBCC study. Aim: We aim to evaluate the presence of MS among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and to determine the association of MS and sociodemographic factors. Methods: 370 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients were interviewed at baseline. The anthropometric data (waist circumference, hip circumference, body weight, body height and body fat percentage) and also blood for lipid profile and glucose profile were collected. The MS status of the patients was defined using a modified International Diabetes Federation worldwide definition; presence of central obesity (waist circumference ≥ 80 cm) and any of two or more of the following criteria: (i) raised triglyceride with ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, (ii) reduced HDL-cholesterol that < 1.3 mmol/L, (iii) diagnosed with hypertension and (iv) diagnosed with diabetes. Results: Among the 370 breast cancer patients, most were aged 51 years and above (258, 69.7%), were Chinese (180, 48.6%), had secondary school education level (168, 45.4%), had less than RM3500 household income (193, 52.2%) and were postmenopausal (250, 67.6%). Most of the patients were obese or overweight (268, 72.4%) and around half of the patients (190, 51.4%) had high body fat percentage. 140 patients had MS (37.8%). MS was significantly higher among patients aged 61 years and above (59, 42.1%) and 51 to 60 years (50, 35.7%) compared with 20 to 50 years of age group (31, 22.1%) ( P < 0.05). The patients with MS were significantly higher among Chinese ethnicity (57, 40.7%), unemployed (95, 70.4%), and postmenopausal (108, 77.1%) ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of MS is high in newly diagnosed Malaysian breast cancer patients. With longer follow-up, further analysis will be done to look at association with outcomes.

Abstract 14206: Assessing a Clinical Risk Score and the Impact of Race in Breast Cancer Patients at Risk of Cardiotoxicity

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Brumberger ◽  
Mary Branch ◽  
Joseph Rigdon ◽  
Suji Vasu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Clinical Risk Score ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Risk ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Cardiotoxicity is a well-known risk in breast cancer patients treated with anthracyclines and trastuzumab. Ezaz et al. developed a clinical risk score (CRS) to risk stratify these patients. Despite evidence that African American (AA) race is a significant risk factor for cardiotoxicity, no study has assessed the impact of AA race on this CRS. Here we assess the discrimination ability of the Ezaz et al. CRS with the addition of AA race. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort utilizing a registry of 118 patients with stage I-IV breast cancer treated with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab. Patients without baseline echocardiography data or with baseline LVEF < 50% were excluded. The CRS from Ezaz et al. consisting of age, adjuvant chemotherapy, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation or flutter, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and renal failure was calculated with the addition of AA race. Cardiotoxicity was defined by an LVEF decline of ≥ 10% to LVEF < 53% from baseline. Results: In our 118 patient cohort, the mean age was 59 years, 23 (20%) AA patients, 65 (55%) patients considered low risk (scores of 0-3) and 53 (45%) considered moderate to high risk (scores ≥4). After a follow up of 3 months to 5 years, 14 (12%) patients developed cardiotoxicity. Table 1 lists the CRS changes in statistical characteristics and predictability with the addition of AA race. In comparing the models, the AUC c-statistic increased from 0.609 to 0.642 (95% CI 0.47-0.75, 95% CI 0.49-0.79 respectively; P value = 0.56) with the addition of AA race ( Figure 1 ). Conclusions: In this study, the Ezaz et al. CRS demonstrated improved discrimination and sensitivity with the addition of AA race. This study suggests AA race improves the predictive ability of the Ezaz et al. CRS. Given the limited size of our study, we promote that this should be hypothesis-driving and encourage further investigation on the path to develop an important risk stratification tool.

Genomic heritage of sentinel lymph node metastases: Implications for clinical management of breast cancer patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 571-571
Author(s):  
D. L. Ellsworth ◽  
R. E. Ellsworth ◽  
T. E. Becker ◽  
B. Deyarmin ◽  
H. L. Patney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Sentinel Nodes ◽  
Axillary Nodes ◽  
Node Metastases

571 Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy status is a key prognostic factor for breast cancer patients. Sentinel nodes are believed to receive early disseminating cells from the primary tumor, but little is known about the origin of metastases colonizing the sentinel nodes. We used allelic imbalance (AI) to examine genomic relationships among metastases in the sentinel and non-sentinel axillary lymph nodes from complete axillary dissections in 15 patients with lymph node positive breast cancer. Methods: Sentinel nodes were localized by standard scintigraphic and gamma probe techniques using 1.0 mCi technetium-99m sulfur colloid. Pathologically positive nodes were identified by H&E histology and immunohistochemistry. Primary breast tumors and metastases in sentinel and axillary nodes were isolated by laser microdissection. AI was assessed at 26 chromosomal regions and used to examine the timing and molecular mechanisms of metastatic spread to the sentinel and axillary nodes. Results: Overall AI frequencies were significantly higher (p<0.05) in primary breast tumors compared to lymph node metastases. A high level of discordance was observed in patterns and frequencies of AI events between metastases in the sentinel and non-sentinel axillary nodes. Phylogenetic analyses showed that 1) multiple genetically-divergent lineages of metastatic cells independently colonize the lymph nodes; 2) some lymph node metastases appeared to acquire metastatic potential early in tumorigenesis, while other metastases evolved later; and 3) importantly, lineages colonizing the sentinel nodes appeared to originate at different times and to progress by different molecular mechanisms. Conclusions: Genomic diversity and timing of metastatic nodal spread may be important factors in determining outcomes of breast cancer patients. Metastases colonizing the sentinel nodes appear to arise at different times during disease progression and may not be descendants of progenitor cells that colonize the lymph nodes early in tumorigenesis. Metastatic growth in the sentinel nodes thus may be a consequence of stimulating factors from the primary tumor that affect proliferation of previously disseminated cells rather than the timing of metastatic spread. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals A new instrument for predicting survival of patients with cerebral metastases from breast cancer developed in a homogeneously treated cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
Stefan Janssen ◽  
Heinke C Hansen ◽  
Liesa Dziggel ◽  
Steven E Schild ◽  
Dirk Rades
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Whole Brain Radiotherapy ◽  
Cerebral Metastases ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Score ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
New Instrument

Abstract Background Previous survival scores for breast cancer patients with cerebral metastases were developed in cohorts receiving heterogeneous treatments, which could have introduced selection biases. A new instrument (WBRT-30-BC) was created from 170 patients receiving whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) alone with 30 Gy in 10 fractions. Methods Characteristics showing significant associations (p < 0.05) with overall survival (OS) or a trend (p < 0.08) on multivariate analysis were used for the WBRT-30-BC. For each characteristic, 6-month OS rates were divided by 10. These scoring points were added for each patient (patient scores). The WBRT-30-BC was compared to the diagnosis- specific graded prognostic assessment (DS-GPA) classification and Rades-Score for breast cancer regarding positive predictive values (PPVs) to identify patients dying within 6 months and patients surviving at least 6 months following WBRT. Results On multivariate analysis, Karnofsky performance score (KPS) was significant (risk ratio [RR]: 2.45, p < 0.001). In addition, extra-cerebral metastatic disease (RR: 1.52, p = 0.071) and time between breast cancer diagnosis and WBRT (RR: 1.37, p = 0.070) showed a trend. Based on these three characteristics, four predictive groups were designed: 7–9, 10–12, 13–15 and 16 points. Six-month OS rates were 8%, 41%, 68% and 100% (p < 0.001). PPVs to identify patients dying within 6 months were 92% (WBRT-30-BC), 84% (DS-GPA) and 92% (Rades-Score). PPVs to identify patients surviving for at least 6 months were 100% (WBRT-30-BC), 74% (DS-GPA) and 68% (Rades-Score). Conclusions The WBRT-30-BC appeared very accurate in predicting death ≤ 6 months and survival ≥ 6 months of breast cancer patients receiving WBRT. It was superior to previous instruments in predicting survival ≥ 6 months.

scholarly journals MAP3K1 SNP rs889312 potential risk and MAP3K9 SNP rs11628333 menopause dependent association for breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samina Asghar Abbasi ◽  
Ruqia Mehmood Baig ◽  
Mehvish Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Ismail ◽  
Rashida Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
The South ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
South Asian Region

Abstract Objectives Breast cancer is the leading cause of mortality in today’s world. An alarming rise in cancer incidence has been observed in the South Asian region. The aberrant molecular mechanisms regulating cell proliferation and development contribute to cancer development. A better understanding of the detailed molecular mechanisms at genetic and epigenetic levels can help to treat breast cancer more efficiently. The present study is aimed to identify the possible association of MAP3K1 SNP rs889312 and MAP3K9 rs11628333 in breast cancer in the South Asian region. Materials and methods Female breast cancer patients were recruited in the study. DNA was isolated from the blood samples collected from the patients. PCR-RFLP was used for genotyping, and data analysis was done by SPSS software. Results Genotyping data for MAP3K1 SNPrs889312 showed statistically significant association with breast cancer, while MAP3K9 SNPrs11628333 showed characteristic association of rare allele heterozygote’s and homozygotes in pre and post-menopausal patients, respectively. Conclusion The study concludes a strong association of the rs889312 with breast cancer in the Pakistani population and a characteristic association of unique genotypes TC and CC in pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer patients. These findings can provide a ready tool as a breast cancer marker in south Asian populations.

scholarly journals Identification and Validation of a Five-gene Signature Associated with Overall Survival in Breast Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Tong Chen ◽  
Hanwen Zhang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Internal Validation ◽  
Novel Biomarkers

Abstract Background Recent years, attributed to early detection and new therapies, the mortality rates of breast cancer (BC) decreased. Nevertheless, the global prevalence was still high and the underlying molecular mechanisms were remained largely unknown. The investigation of prognosis-related genes as the novel biomarkers for diagnosis and individual treatment had become an urgent demand for clinical practice. Methods Gene expression profiles and clinical information of breast cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and randomly divided into training (n = 514) and internal validation (n = 562) cohort by using a random number table. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were estimated by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. In the training set, the gene signature was constructed by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method based on DEGs screened by R packages. The results were further tested in the internal validation cohort and the entire cohort. Moreover, functions of five genes were explored by MTT, Colony-Formation, scratch and transwell assays. Western blot analysis was used to explore the mechanisms. Results In the training cohort, a total of 2805 protein coding DEGs were acquired through comparing breast cancer tissues (n = 514) with normal tissues (n = 113). A risk score formula involving five novel prognostic associated biomarkers (EDN2, CLEC3B, SV2C, WT1 and MUC2) were then constructed by LASSO. The prognostic value of the risk model was further confirmed in the internal validation set and the entire set. To explore the biological functions of the selected genes, in vitro assays were performed, indicating that these novel biomarkers could markedly influence breast cancer progression. Conclusion We established a predictive five-gene signature, which could be helpful for prognosis assessment and personalized management in breast cancer patients.

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