scholarly journals An Approach to Early Detection of Metabolic Syndrome through Non-Invasive Methods in Obese Children

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Rafael Molina-Luque ◽  
Natalia Ulloa ◽  
Andrea Gleisner ◽  
Martin Zilic ◽  
Manuel Romero-Saldaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Decision Trees ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has a high prevalence in children, and its presence increases in those with a high BMI. This fact confirms the need for early detection to avoid the development of other comorbidities. Non-invasive variables are presented as a cost-effective and easy to apply alternative in any clinical setting. Aim: To propose a non-invasive method for the early diagnosis of MetS in overweight and obese Chilean children. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 221 children aged 6 to 11 years. We carried out multivariate logistic regressions, receiver operating characteristic curves, and discriminant analysis to determine the predictive capacity of non-invasive variables. The proposed new method for early detection of MetS is based on clinical decision trees. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 26.7%. The area under the curve for the BMI and waist circumference was 0.827 and 0.808, respectively. Two decision trees were calculated: the first included blood pressure (≥104.5/69 mmHg), BMI (≥23.5 Kg/m2) and WHtR (≥0.55); the second used BMI (≥23.5 Kg/m2) and WHtR (≥0.55), with validity index of 74.7% and 80.5%, respectively. Conclusions: Early detection of MetS is possible through non-invasive methods in overweight and obese children. Two models (Clinical decision trees) based on anthropometric (non-invasive) variables with acceptable validity indexes have been presented. Clinical decision trees can be applied in different clinical and non-clinical settings, adapting to the tools available, being an economical and easy to measurement option. These methods reduce the use of blood tests to those patients who require confirmation.

Predictive Capacity and Cutoff Value of Waist-to-Height Ratio in the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Romero-Saldaña ◽  
Francisco J. Fuentes-Jiménez ◽  
Manuel Vaquero-Abellán ◽  
Carlos Álvarez-Fernández ◽  
María Dolores Aguilera-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive ability of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) compared with other anthropometric indicators in the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to propose cutoff values for its early detection in nursing practice. A longitudinal cohort study was conducted on a sample of 630 workers (137 exposed and 493 nonexposed), free of MetS at baseline. WHtR was compared with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the percentage of body fat (BF%). In the Cox regression, the adjusted values of hazard ratio (HR) were 5.4 (confidence interval [CI] = [3.1, 9.5]) for WHtR and 7.4 (CI = [3.7, 14.9]) for components of MetS. WHtR obtained the largest area under the curve 0.82 (CI = [0.76, 0.88]), and with a cutoff value of 0.54, values were obtained for sensitivity (70%) and specificity (77%). WHtR was the best predictor of incidence of MetS, with a cutoff value of 0.54. Nursing can improve the early detection of MetS by measuring WHtR.

scholarly journals Penentuan titik potong skor sindroma metabolik remaja dan penilaian validitas diagnostik parameter antropometri: analisis Riskesdas 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Zahra Anggita Pratiwi ◽  
Mubasysyir Hasanbasri ◽  
Emy Huriyati
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: The risk of death caused by non-communicable diseases is related to metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome not only occurs in adults, but also occurs in adolescents. The problem of metabolic syndrome in adolescents shows the importance of early detection and management. Early detection of metabolic syndrome in adolescents can be done through non-invasive approaches such as anthropometric measurements. However, the definition of metabolic syndrome has so far not reached an agreement.Objective: This study aims 1) To know the intersection points of adolescent metabolic syndrome 2) To know the best anthropometry parameters for detecting metabolic syndrome in adolescents.Method: This study used cross sectional design, using Riskesdas 2013 survey data. The sample size of this study was 3273 adolescents aged 15-24 years. The analysis using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) indicated the accuracy of the score to diagnose metabolic syndrome, supported by area under the curve (AUC) results. The best parameters were seen from the largest AUC values, taking into account the sensitivity and specificity values.Results: The metabolic syndrome scores in general for Indonesian adolescents=2.21 (sensitivity=83%, specificity=84%). Specific cutoff point for women=2.02 (sensitivity=84%, specificity=85%), and for males=2.40 (sensitivity=86%, specificity=82%). The best anthropometric parameters for detecting metabolic syndrome in adolescents are abdominal circumference (AUC=0.77; sensitivity=71%, specificity=67%).Conclusion: Abdominal circumference has the best validity and can be used for early detection of the risk of metabolic syndrome in adolescents

scholarly journals Association of Serum Bilirubin Level with Metabolic Syndrome and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study of 1672 Obese Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2812
Author(s):  
Cristina Bellarosa ◽  
Giorgio Bedogni ◽  
Annalisa Bianco ◽  
Sabrina Cicolini ◽  
Diana Caroli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

As in adults, obesity also plays a central role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in children. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered a manifestation of MS. Not only MS but also NAFLD seem to be inversely associated with serum bilirubin concentrations, an important endogenous tissue protector when only mild elevated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between serum bilirubin levels and the prevalence of MS and NAFLD in Italian obese children and adolescents. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed in 1672 patients aged from 5 to 18 years. Clinical and laboratory parameters were assessed. NAFLD was measured by liver ultrasonography. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Istituto Auxologico Italiano (research project code 1C021_2020, acronym BILOB). MS was present in 24% and fatty liver (FL) in 38% of this population. Bilirubin was not associated with FL and MS as a whole, but it was inversely associated only with selected components of MS, i.e., large WC, high blood pressure and high triglycerides. Our data suggest that bilirubin is not protective against MS and NAFLD in the presence of severe obesity.

Muscle strength cut-points for metabolic syndrome detection among adults and the elderly from Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-388
Author(s):  
Tiago Rodrigues de Lima ◽  
David Alejandro González-Chica ◽  
Eleonora D’Orsi ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cut Points

We aimed to determine cut-points for muscle strength based on metabolic syndrome diagnosis. This cross-sectional analysis comprised data from 2 cohorts in Brazil (EpiFloripa Adult, n = 626, 44.0 ± 11.1 years; EpiFloripa Aging, n = 365, 71.6 ± 6.1 years). Metabolic syndrome was assessed by relative handgrip strength (kgf/kg). Metabolic syndrome was defined as including ≥3 of the 5 metabolic abnormalities according to the Joint Interim Statement. Optimal cut-points from Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were determined. Adjusted logistic regression was used to test the association between metabolic syndrome and the cut-points created. The cut-point identified for muscle strength was 1.07 kgf/kg (Youden index = 0.310; area under the curve (AUC)) = 0.693, 95% CI 0.614–0.764) for men and 0.73 kgf/kg (Youden index = 0.481; AUC = 0.768, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.709–0.821) for women (age group 25 to < 50 years). The best cut-points for men and women aged 50+ years were 0.99 kgf/kg (Youden index = 0.312; AUC = 0.651; 95% CI = 0.583–0.714) and 0.58 kgf/kg (Youden index = 0.378; AUC = 0.743; 95% CI = 0.696–0.786), respectively. Cut-points derived from ROC analysis have good discriminatory power for metabolic syndrome among adults aged 25 to <50 years but not for adults aged 50+ years. Novelty: First-line management recommendation for metabolic syndrome is lifestyle modification, including improvement of muscle strength. Cut-points for muscle strength levels according to sex and age range based on metabolic syndrome were created. Cut-points for muscle strength can assist in the identification of adults at risk for cardiometabolic disease.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Red Reflex Test (RRT) for Early Detection of Ocular Abnormalities in Newborn

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Kshitij Aviraj Singh ◽  
Amar Taksande
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Abnormalities ◽  
Red Eye ◽  
Optical Media ◽  
Ocular Abnormality ◽  
Reflection Of Light

Background: The Red Reflex is described as the red to orange reflection of light from the fundus of the eye, observed while using a retinoscope or an ophthalmoscope. Red Eye Reflex Test is determined by the optical media transparency which includes vitreous humor, aqueous humor, cornea and tear film and reflection of light from the  back of the eye (fundus) through optical media and into the aperture of the ophthalmoscope. Factors that will block or impede the passage of light through this transparent media or affects its reflection back from fundus will produce an abnormal Red Eye Reflex. Red Eye Reflex (RER) testing is important & effective tool for early detection of ocular abnormalities such as retinal abnormalities, cataract, retinoblastoma and glaucoma. Red reflex is cost effective, can be performed very easily, requires minimal setting, can screen important ocular abnormalities and facilitate their early detection with prompt intervention to prevent long term sequelae associated with the disease. Aim: To find out the diagnostic accuracy of Red Reflex test for diagnosing ocular abnormalities in newborns. Methodology: Ours will be a prospective cross-sectional study where RER examination will be performed within one week of birth of a newborn in a darkened and will correlate the examination findings with respect to ocular findings determined by ophthalmologist to determine its efficacy, sensitivity and specificity in detecting neonatal ocular abnormalities. Expected results: After completion of the study we will be able to determine the accuracy of RRT for ocular abnormality detection in the neonates. We will be able to determine the sensitivity, specificity, PPV & NPV of the red reflex test. If the specificity and the sensitivity is good then we can use RRT as a routine screening method for detection of intraocular abnormalities. Conclusion: To find the Red reflex Test efficacy in screening of the ocular abnormalities in the new born.

scholarly journals Clinical relevance of reporting fatty liver on ultrasound in asymptomatic patients during routine health checkups

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 4447-4454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Ramakant Mahale ◽  
Sonali Dattatray Prabhu ◽  
Muthiah Nachiappan ◽  
Merwyn Fernandes ◽  
Sonali Ullal
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Objective Ultrasonography is an efficient technique for detecting fatty liver. Its sensitivity and specificity in detecting moderate to severe fatty liver are comparable to those of histology. Fatty liver is associated with abnormal lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular/renal disease, type 2 diabetes, and other conditions. This study was performed to compare the serum lipid profiles and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients diagnosed with fatty liver on ultrasonography versus controls without fatty liver and evaluate the clinical relevance of an ultrasound diagnosis of fatty liver in routine health checkups. Methods This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 390 patients who underwent health checkups; 226 were diagnosed with fatty liver (cases) and 164 were not (controls). The lipid profile, serum GOT and GPT levels, and HbA1c level were compared between the cases and controls. Results The cases had considerably higher levels of lipids, liver enzymes (serum GOT and GPT), and HbA1c than controls. Conclusion Ultrasonography is a noninvasive simple tool for early detection of fatty liver in asymptomatic patients and can help clinicians achieve early detection of metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals The Detection of Wound Infection by Ion Mobility Chemical Analysis

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Daulton ◽  
Alfian Wicaksono ◽  
Janak Bechar ◽  
James A. Covington ◽  
Joseph Hardwicke
Keyword(s):  
Donor Site ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infected Wound ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Split Skin ◽  
Micro Organisms

Surgical site infection represents a large burden of care in the National Health Service. Current methods for diagnosis include a subjective clinical assessment and wound swab culture that may take several days to return a result. Both techniques are potentially unreliable and result in delays in using targeted antibiotics. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced by micro-organisms such as those present in an infected wound. This study describes the use of a device to differentiate VOCs produced by an infected wound vs. colonised wound. Malodourous wound dressings were collected from patients, these were a mix of post-operative wounds and vascular leg ulcers. Wound microbiology swabs were taken and antibiotics commenced as clinically appropriate. A control group of soiled, but not malodorous wound dressings were collected from patients who had a split skin graft (SSG) donor site. The analyser used was a G.A.S. GC-IMS. The results from the samples had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 88%, with a positive predictive value of 90%. An area under the curve (AUC) of 91% demonstrates an excellent ability to discriminate those with an infected wound from those without. VOC detection using GC-IMS has the potential to serve as a diagnostic tool for the differentiation of infected and non-infected wounds and facilitate the treatment of wound infections that is cost effective, non-invasive, acceptable to patients, portable, and reliable.

scholarly journals The diagnostic value of non-invasive serum liver fibrosis indices in the prediction of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-23
Author(s):  
Masood Faghih Dinevari ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Somi ◽  
Mohammad Kazem Tarzamni ◽  
Leila Alizadeh ◽  
Samaneh Abbasian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Introduction: Considering that portal hypertension is principally caused by hepatic fibrosis, some studies postulated the predictive value of serum liver fibrosis indices in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. In this study we assessed the prognostic value of serum indices in the diagnosis of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients. Methods: One hundred two cirrhotic patients were selected according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. Cirrhosis and the Child-Pugh score was determined by the gastroenterologist. Portal hypertension was diagnosed by the radiologist using the color Doppler method. The fasting blood sample was drawn and different serum indices were determined. The following indices were calculated: FIB4, Fibroindex, APRI, FORNS, LOK. Results: The patients mean age was 54.39±6.60 years. About 52.94% of the patients were women. The mean liver enzymes level was higher in patients with portal hypertension. In 50.98% of patients, the etiology of cirrhosis was viral hepatitis. Significant differences was observed between the two groups regarding the studied indices (P<0.05). According to the results of the ROC curve, the FORNS index was a better predictive marker of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients. The maximum AUC (area under the curve) was for the FORNS index. According to the results of diagnostic tests, the FORNS index had adequate sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of portal hypertension with the cut-off value of 8.51. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the FORNS index is a better predictor of portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients.

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