Factors Associating with the Segmental Postural Control during Sitting in Moderate-to-Late Preterm Infants via Longitudinal Study

(1) Background: biological variables and particular child rearing practices could be linked to postural control and rates of sitting onset. The segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo) is currently used as an assessment of postural control with a specific segment on premature infants. However, the association between related factors and segmental trunk control during sitting development in preterm infants via longitudinal assessments is still limited. Objective: to investigate the associations between biological and child rearing factors and segmental trunk control during sitting in moderate to late premature birth from the age of 4 months to age of independent sitting attainment. (2) Methods: forty-two infants born between 32 and 36 weeks of gestation were recruited. Their segmental trunk control was assessed using the SATCo. Their related factors were recorded from the age of 4 months to early onset of independent sitting attainment. The generalised estimating equation (GEE) model was used to identify the association between related factors and the SATCo with a linear distribution. (3) Results: cause of prematurity, baby rocking recliner and baby walker usage were negative factors, while play in a sitting position, opportunity to move on a traditional mat and sleep mattress were positive factors contributing to the segmental control of the trunk. (4) Conclusions: the experience of sitting on different surfaces and an opportunity to sit without support during the child rearing period from age of 4 months corrected could be positive factors associating with the segmental trunk control in moderate-to-late premature infants.

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Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control in Moderate-to-Late Preterm Infants Related to Sitting Development

Children ◽

10.3390/children8090722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 722

Author(s):

Noppharath Sangkarit ◽

Orawan Keeratisiroj ◽

Ponlapat Yonglitthipagon ◽

Surussawadi Bennett ◽

Wantana Siritaratiwat

Keyword(s):

Preterm Infants ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Motor Development ◽

Longitudinal Design ◽

Rank Correlation ◽

Late Preterm ◽

Trunk Control ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Late Preterm Infants ◽

Trunk Segment

(1) Background: The assessment of postural segment control in premature infants seems to be critical during the onset of upright gross motor development, especially sitting. Identifying correlations between postural segment control and the development of sitting milestones could help with promoting optimal gross motor movement. However, data on this topic in home-raised premature infants via longitudinal design are still limited. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between postural segment control and sitting development through series assessments from the corrected age of 4 months until the early onset of independent sitting attainment. (2) Methods: 33 moderate-to-late premature infants were recruited. Their trunk segment control was assessed using the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo), and sitting development was examined by the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS). Relationships between SATCo and sitting scores were analysed using Spearman’s rank correlation (rs). (3) Results: significant fair-to-good correlations between segmental trunk control and sitting scales were found from 4 months (rs = 0.370–0.420, p < 0.05) to the age of independent sitting attainment (rs = 0.561–0.602, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: relationships between the trunk segment control and sitting ability of moderate-to-late preterm infants were increased in accordance with age.

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Clinical Analysis of NICU Oxygen Therapy over 28 Days in a Single Center

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research ◽

10.32629/jcmr.v2i4.553 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Fujian Shi ◽

Upendra Yadav ◽

Xiaofang Zhu

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Oxygen Therapy ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Clinical Analysis ◽

Age Group ◽

Related Factors

Objective — To investigate the main causes, related factors and clinical outcomes of neonates with continuous oxygen therapy ≥ 28 days in neonatal intensive care unit（NICU） of our hospital. Methods — Clinical data of neonates admitted to NICU from January 2015 to December 2020 who needed continuous oxygen therapy ≥ 28 days after birth were retrospectively analyzed. The causes of continuous oxygen therapy ≥ 28 days, general condition with oxygen and respiratory support, duration and clinical outcomes were recorded. Independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney rank sum test, c² test were used for statistical analysis. Results — In the past 6 years, 115 cases met the inclusion criteria and who received continuous oxyogen therapy ≥ 28 days after birth. 1. Gestational age: 25+1~40+0, <32 weeks of gestation accounted for 83.5%. The peak gestational age occurred at 28+0~29+6 weeks after continuous oxygen therapy for ≥ 28 days. 2. Main causes: 37 cases (32.2%) of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), 36 cases (31.3%) of neonatal pneumonia, 20 cases (17.4%) of apnea of prematurity (AOP), Pulmonary hypertension was reported in 8 cases (7.0%), laryngotrachealacia in 2 cases (1.7%), cyanosis congenital heart disease in 4 cases (3.5%), and other causes in 8 cases (7.0%). 3. Short-term prognosis: of 105 premature infants, 90 were successfully deoxygenated, accounting for 85.7%; In 10 cases, 5 cases (50%) were successfully deoxygenated. 20 cases gave up treatment or died. 4. Long-term oxygen therapy was related to gestational age and duration of ventilator. The younger the gestational age, the longer the mechanical ventilation time and the longer the total oxygen therapy time (P < 0.05). Conclusion — Continuous oxygen therapy ≥ 28 days received in all gestational age group. Preterm infants with gestational age < 32 weeks had the highest incidence. The main causes of premature infants with gestational age < 32 weeks are BPD, neonatal pneumonia, AOP and pulmonary hypertension. Neonatal pneumonia was the main cause in preterm infants with gestational age 32+0~34+6 weeks, and congenital dysplasia and genetic metabolic diseases were the main cause in neonates above 35 weeks gestational age group.

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Factors and survival of exclusive breastfeeding in preterm infants upon discharge at six months of age

Journal of Nursing Education and Practice ◽

10.5430/jnep.v10n8p30 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Josefina Gallegos-Martínez ◽

Jaime Reyes-Hernández ◽

Fátima de San Carlos Torres-Carreón ◽

Blanca Esther Cuéllar-Miranda ◽

Adriana Leite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Related Factors

Introduction and objective: Reducing the neonatal mortality rate in half is an objective proposed by WHO for the year 2025 through coverage strategies from the prenatal stage, delivery, birth, and hospitalization, one of these low-cost strategies is exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in preterm infants, that contributes to the prevention of neonatal mortality, a population that contributes in the first place to neonatal mortality. The objective of this study was to identify the frequency and survival of exclusive breastfeeding and related factors in premature infants of two referral hospitals, one of them certified as Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI).Methods: Follow-up study of 111 premature infants after hospital discharge with equivalent corrected age among hospitals: BFHI 36.1 ± 1.6; non-BFHI (nBFHI) 36.4 ± 1.8 weeks (p ≥ .05). Data collection carried out from February 2016 to March 2017, through records in clinical files and surveys of mothers upon hospital discharge and by telephone during follow-up after 15 days post-discharge, 3, and 6 months of extrauterine life. Kaplan-Meier analysis to determine breastfeeding survival over time, and with Pearson’s r with significance p ≤ .05, the relation was established between EBF with sociodemographic, perinatal, and clinical status factors of the child.Results: Urban maternal origin (68.1%), maternal age (25.7 ± 7.9 years), schooling < 12 years (56.6%). EBF upon discharge on 45/111 dyads (40.5%), 15 days post-discharge 35/73 (47.9%), third month 23/61 (37.7%) and sixth month 7/44 (15.9%). EBF survival was 15 days post-discharge, at this cut-off point, among the correlated factors are: “having received guidance to use Exclusive Breastfeeding until the sixth month of extrauterine life of the premature child” positively correlated with EBF (r = 0.294, p ≤ .05), “the maternal perception that her milk dried” correlated negatively with EBF (r = -0.313, p ≤ .01), if “breastfeeding caused anxiety to the mother” it positively correlated with artificial feeding (AF) (r = 0.237, p ≤ .05).Conclusions: Exclusive breastfeeding in premature infants is below WHO standard, it is favorably related to maternal orientation, and barriers are maternal perceptions of non-milk supply and anxiety. It could be encouraged through actions carried out in hospitals certified with the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative and follow up with post-discharge breastfeeding at least to the sixth month of life of premature infants. Similar studies should establish better monitoring mechanisms to avoid losses during the follow-up.

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Identification of candidate genes and pathways in retinopathy of prematurity by whole exome sequencing of preterm infants enriched in phenotypic extremes

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83552-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sang Jin Kim ◽

◽

Kemal Sonmez ◽

Ryan Swan ◽

J. Peter Campbell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exome Sequencing ◽

Whole Exome Sequencing ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Enrichment Analysis ◽

Retinal Disease ◽

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽

Whole Exome

AbstractRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative retinal disease affecting premature infants. In addition to prematurity itself and oxygen treatment, genetic factors have been suggested to predispose to ROP. We aimed to identify potentially pathogenic genes and biological pathways associated with ROP by analyzing variants from whole exome sequencing (WES) data of premature infants. As part of a multicenter ROP cohort study, 100 non-Hispanic Caucasian preterm infants enriched in phenotypic extremes were subjected to WES. Gene-based testing was done on coding nonsynonymous variants. Genes showing enrichment of qualifying variants in severe ROP compared to mild or no ROP from gene-based tests with adjustment for gestational age and birth weight were selected for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Mean BW of included infants with pre-plus, type-1 or type 2 ROP including aggressive posterior ROP (n = 58) and mild or no ROP (n = 42) were 744 g and 995 g, respectively. No single genes reached genome-wide significance that could account for a severe phenotype. GSEA identified two significantly associated pathways (smooth endoplasmic reticulum and vitamin C metabolism) after correction for multiple tests. WES of premature infants revealed potential pathways that may be important in the pathogenesis of ROP and in further genetic studies.

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Effects of work organization on the occurrence and resolution of sleep disturbances among night shift workers: a longitudinal observational study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85017-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Seungho Lee ◽

Jae Bum Park ◽

Kyung-Jong Lee ◽

Seunghon Ham ◽

Inchul Jeong

Keyword(s):

Work Experience ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Night Shift ◽

Work Organization ◽

Severity Index ◽

Estimating Equation ◽

Health Examination ◽

Related Factors ◽

Shift Workers

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the association between work organization and the trajectories of insomnia patterns among night shift workers in a hospital. The health examination data of hospital workers, recorded from January 2014 to December 2018, were collected; 6765 records of 2615 night shift workers were included. Insomnia was defined as a score of ≥ 15 on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Participants were categorized into five groups according to insomnia patterns derived from the analysis of their ISI scores. Work organization and socio-demographic characteristics were also investigated. Generalized estimating equation models and linear mixed models were constructed to analyze the longitudinal data. Of the total participants, 53.0% reported insomnia at least once during the follow-up period. The lack of nap opportunities and work-time control was associated with the occurrence of insomnia, whereas more than 5 years of shift work experience was related to the resolution of insomnia. All work-related factors were significantly related to insomnia risk; however, the effects were not significant in the sustained insomnia group. Although sleep problems are inevitable in night shift workers, well-designed work schedules and better work organization can help reduce the occurrence of insomnia among them.

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Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy on Postural Control and Balance in Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/00315125211044057 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003151252110440

Author(s):

Furkan Bilek ◽

Fatih Tekin

Keyword(s):

Shock Wave ◽

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Postural Control ◽

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy ◽

Paraspinal Muscles ◽

Shock Wave Therapy ◽

Trunk Control ◽

Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽

Unilateral Cerebral Palsy ◽

Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) applied to paraspinal muscles on balance and postural control in children with unilateral Cerebral Palsy (CP). A total of 32 children with unilateral CP were included in the study. The children participated in a one-session control to evaluate their reactions to ESWT before randomly assigning them into experimental and control groups. We evaluated children twice: before and after the treatment. We used the Trunk Control Measurement Scale, Trunk Impairment Scale, Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test in these assessments. Following the pre-test session, we applied Neuro-Developmental Treatment (NDT) programs to both groups at the rate of twice per week for eight weeks; additionally, we applied ESWT only to the experimental group at the rate of twice a week for eight weeks. While there were trends toward increased trunk control skills, PBS scores and TUG test performances from pre- to post-testing in both groups, these improvements were only statistically significant in the experimental group ( p < 0.05). We conclude that for children with unilateral CP, ESWT applied to paraspinal muscles has significant additive value when combined with NDT to improve postural control and balance.

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Nonpharmacological Techniques to Reduce Pain in Preterm Infants Who Receive Heel-Lance Procedure: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Research and Theory for Nursing Practice ◽

10.1891/1541-6577.28.4.335 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 335-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Piera Bergomi ◽

Michele Chieppi ◽

Antonella Maini ◽

Tiziana Mugnos ◽

Debora Spotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Standard Procedure ◽

Blood Collection ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Heel Lance

Introduction: The heel-lance (HL) method for blood collection from the newborn is controversial for the pain it causes. This is the first randomized controlled trial on the management and reduction of pain using the music of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (“Sonata K. 448”) in premature infants hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This study has compared nonpharmacological techniques with standard procedure for reducing pain during HL procedure. Methods: Thirty-five premature infants were enrolled, each for 3 HL procedures, of which each was randomized to 1 of the 3 study arms. Arms were then compared in terms of the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) changes by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: One hundred five HL procedures were available for analysis (35 standard procedure, 35 music, 35 glucose). Median baseline PIPP was 3, and median PIPP after the HL procedure was 5. PIPP scale change was +3 in the control arm, +1 in the glucose arm, +2 in the music arm (p = .008). Discussion: Both glucose and music were safe and effective in limiting pain increase when compared to standard procedure in HL procedures in preterm infants.

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ORAL VERSUS INTRAVENOUS IBUPROFEN FOR THE EARLY CLOSURE OF PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS IN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT PRETERM INFANTS

European Medical Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.12955/emhpj.v6i0.388 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alketa Hoxha ◽

Ermira Kola ◽

Numila Kuneshka ◽

Eduard Tushe

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Ductus Arteriosus ◽

Ductal Closure ◽

Oral Ibuprofen ◽

Intravenous Ibuprofen ◽

Ibuprofen Group ◽

Patent Ductus

Background Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is common in very premature infants. Pharmacological closure of PDA with indomethacin, a prostaglandin inhibitor, has remained the mainstay of treatment in premature infants over the last three decades. Intravenous ibuprofen was recently shown to be as effective and to have fewer adverse reaction in preterm infants. If equally effective, then oral ibuprofen for PDA closure would have several important advantages over the intravenous route.This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of oral ibuprofen and intravenous ibuprofen for the early pharmacological treatment of PDA in LBW preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.MethodsA randomized, single-blinded, controlled study was performed on premature neonates at the neonatal care unit of the University Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology”Koco Gliozheni”, Tirana, Albania, from January 2010 to December 2012. The study enrolled 68 preterm infants with gestational age between 28-32 weeks, birth weight ≤ 2000 g, postnatal age 48-96 h, and had echocardiographically confirmed significant PDA. The preterm infants received either intravenous or oral ibuprofen randomly as an initial dose of 10 mg/kg, followed by 5 mg/kg at 24 and 48 h. After the first dose of treatment in both groups, echocardiographic evaluation was performed, to determine the need for a second or third dose. The rate of ductal closure, adverse effects, complications, and the patient’s clinical course were recorded.Results All patients were born after 28 until 32 weeks’ gestation. 36 patients were treated with oral ibuprofen and 32 with intravenous ibuprofen in this period. After the first course of the treatment, the PDA closed in 30 (83.3%) of the patients assigned to the oral ibuprofen group versus 23 (71.8%) of those enrolled in the intravenous ibuprofen group (p = 0.355). There was no difference between treatment groups in demographics or baseline renal function. In the evaluation of renal tolerance, none of the patients had oliguria. There were no significant differences with respect to complications during the stay.Conclusions In low birth weight infants, the rate of early ductal closure with oral ibuprofen is at least as good as with the intravenous route. Oral ibuprofen is associated with fewer adverse effects

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How Gut Microbiota Supports Immunity, Growth and Development of Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review

Amerta Nutrition ◽

10.20473/amnt.v5i1sp.2021.14-20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1SP) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Ariani Dewi Widodo

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Human Milk ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Gastrointestinal Microbiome ◽

Gut Dysbiosis ◽

Complex Ecosystem ◽

Full Enteral Feeding ◽

Lower Morbidity

ABSTRACTBackground: Gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem consisting of abundant microorganisms, plays a role in preterm infants’ immunity, growth, and development. Dysbiosis or disruption of the gut microbiota can precipitate various diseases, such as allergy or autoimmune disorders in premature infants. Purpose: This study aimed to review gut microbiota in preterm infants and its role in supporting the infants’ immunity, growth, and development. Discussion: Bifidobactericeae is the predominant microbiota in GI tract of preterm infants. However, various factors can influence this gut microbiota e.g., genetics, lifestyle of the mothers (smoking, diet, use of antibiotic, obesity), birth mode, type of feeding, and environmental factors. Gut dysbiosis can result in impaired immune system which predisposes the preterm infants to infections, even fatal adverse event. Furthermore, the growth and development might be affected as well as lead to various neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Human milk is a prebiotic source which can stimulate the growth of Baifidobactericeae and Bacteroidetes. If the human milk is inadequate or unavailable, the recommended interventions for gut dysbiosis in premature infants are probiotics, prebiotics, or both supplementations (synbiotics). The administration of prebiotics and probiotics associates with lower morbidity and death rates in preterm infants, as well as shorter duration of hospital stay and duration to achieve full enteral feeding. Conclusions: Immunity as well as growth and development of preterm infants are affected greatly by gut microbiota The less diverse microbiota in preterm infants’ gut predispose them to various health problems. Hence, this problem should be managed properly, one of which is prebiotic and probiotic supplementation Keywords: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Premature, Immunity, Growth, Development

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Aleitamento materno exclusivo em prematuros de hospitais Amigo da Criança: estudo comparativo

Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing ◽

10.17665/1676-4285.20175627 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 319

Author(s):

Ariane Thaise Alves Monteiro ◽

Edilaine Giovanini Rossetto ◽

Kauana Olanda Pereira ◽

Mariana Charif Lakoski ◽

Marcela Maria Birolim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

University Hospital ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The University

Aim: to compare the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and to verify the factors associated with its interruption in premature infants hospitalized at Baby-Friendly hospitals. Method: this is a comparative study performed with 107 premature infants admitted to the neonatal unit of two hospitals in Paraná. Data were obtained through interviews with mothers and analysis of infant records at hospital discharge and 15 days after delivery. Results: the prevalence of EBF was 29.2% in the University Hospital and 15.3% in the Philanthropic Hospital. At hospital discharge, associations with clinical characteristics of infants predominated, and 15 days after discharge there was a greater association with the socio-demographic characteristics of the parents. Conclusion: the prevalence of EBF, which was shown to be low at the time of hospital discharge in both hospitals, decreased after discharge, reinforcing the need for other strategies, in addition to those provided at Baby-Friendly hospitals, for the promotion and support of EBF in preterm infants.

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