scholarly journals Effects of Grinding Aids Used in Grinding Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) Filler on the Properties of Water-Based Interior Paints

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Orkun Ersoy ◽  
Dilek Güler ◽  
Murat Rençberoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Grinding Aids ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Powder Properties ◽  
Amine Compounds ◽  
Monoethylene Glycol

Grinding aid chemicals which are used in the grinding of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to prevent agglomeration are chemisorbed on the surfaces of particles, and the compatibility of them with the solvent, water, or organic resin affects the dispersion of the minerals and ultimately down-stream product properties in consumer industries such as paint, papermaking, and plastic. This study tries to explain the effects of triethanolamine (TEA) and monoethylene glycol (MEG), which are most commonly used as grinding aids, on the behavior of CaCO3 in water-based paints and on the properties of the paints. The powder properties of CaCO3 (grain size, color, surface area, oil absorption capacity, zeta potential, etc.) were characterized, and the changes in the can stability, ease of application, and optical properties (gloss, opacity) of the paints were revealed with rheological and optical analysis. It was observed that amine compounds remained in higher amounts on the CaCO3 surface and created negative results in the paint. On the other hand, glycol compound adhered less on the CaCO3 surface and affected the properties of the final product less than the amine compound. Therefore, CaCO3 ground without using any chemicals gives the best results in terms of long-term stability, ease of application, and visuality of the paint.

Study on Grinding Aids of Different Organic Group

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1702-1708
Author(s):  
Hai Yan Lin ◽  
Yong Fu Yang ◽  
Yu Jiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Repulsive Force ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Organic Group ◽  
Grinding Aids ◽  
Monohydric Alcohols ◽  
Powder Properties

Organic substances containing hydroxyl group and alcohol amine group were chosen in this paper and the effects of different organic group on powder properties and physical performance of cement pastes were studied using various methods of analysis, such as particle size analysis, fluidness analysis and XRD. The results show that monohydric alcohols have a neglectable aid-grinding effect. For Polyhydric alcohols and ethanol amine, the absorption capacity of the hydroxyl group or amido on the surface of the powder may increase in relation to the increase in groups, which can increase fineness but cannot improve the fluidity. For Diethanolamine and Triethanolamine, the absorption on the powder mainly depends on the hydroxyl group, but the amido has a strong electrostatic repulsive force, so the dispersion of the powder not only comes from high steric hindrance effect, but also the electrostatic repulsive force, which can improve the powder’s dispersity, reduce sieve residue and increase the fluidity. This research paper provides a theoretical guide for the application of grinding aids.

A Novel Water-Based Drilling Fluid Tailored for Challenging Slanted HTHP Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaughn Reza Traboulay ◽  
Tint Htoo Aung ◽  
Cedric Manzoleloua ◽  
Balakrishnan Panamarathupalayam ◽  
Carmelo Arena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
High Temperature Water ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Temperature Water

Abstract High-temperature water-based drilling fluid systems hold several advantages over synthetic based systems from financial and environmental viewpoints. However, most conventional water-based systems start to become unstable at temperatures above 300 degF. This paper details the design and implementation of A Novel Water-Based Drilling Fluid that meet these temperature stability requirements. The newly developed high-temperature water-based system discussed in this paper utilizes a custom-made branched synthetic polymer that exhibits superior rheological properties and fluid loss control as well as long term stability above 400 degF. The branched synthetic polymer is compatible with most oilfield brines and maintains excellent low-end rheology necessary for hole cleaning and solids suspension under high-temperatures and pressures. Under static conditions, the high-temperature fluid shows no gelation resulting in lower swab surge pressures while the stability of the highly branched synthetic polymer and enhanced rheological profile minimize sag. To drill a challenging exploration well, a Middle East client required a cost-effective drilling fluid system which remains stable under static temperatures expected to exceed 375 degF. The long-term stability of the system was critical for successful wireline logging operations. In addition, the system was required to provide shale inhibition, hydrogen sulfide suppression and sufficient density (above 16.5 lbm/galUS) to maintain well integrity while drilling through anticipated high-pressure zones. The challenging intermediate (12.25-in and 8.375-in) and reservoir (6-in) sections were successfully drilled and evaluated using this new branched synthetic polymer-based system. Fluid property trends and system treatments will be detailed alongside thermal stability data for extended periods required for wireline logging (up to 9 days static). This paper will discuss how proper laboratory design of the high-temperature water-based system was translated to excellent field performance and will indicate how this technology can be utilized for future campaigns in the region and worldwide.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Magnetic Sawdust as Effective and Recyclable Oil Sorbents

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3432
Author(s):  
Shumin Fan ◽  
Shuai Pei ◽  
Tianyu Shen ◽  
Guangri Xu ◽  
Yuanchao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Oil Sorbent ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Oil Absorbent

In this paper, a novel superhydrophobic magnetic sawdust (SMSD) was fabricated as an oil sorbent. The SMSD was functionalized with Fe3O4 nanoparticles using melamine formaldehyde resin (MFR) as a coupling agent and subsequently hydrophobically-treated with hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS). The SMSD showed excellent superhydrophobicity with the water contact angle of 155.3 ± 0.9°. Meanwhile it had remarkable environmental durability, long-term stability, and mechanical durable properties. Taking advantage of its magnetic characteristics, the SMSD could be easily controlled to absorb oil to separate oil–water mixtures with high oil absorption capacity and good reusability. Moreover, the emulsion was successfully separated by SMSD, including water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions. This study developed an effective oil absorbent, which was low cost and environmentally-friendly.

Long-term-stability continuous flow CO2 reduction electrolysers with high current efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueyuan Gu ◽  
Jucai Wei ◽  
Jindong Li ◽  
Luyang Wang ◽  
Xu Wu
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Reduction ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
High Current ◽  
High Current Efficiency ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Water Based

One of the intrinsic problems relating to electrolysers for the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction is that the water-based liquid electrolyte induces the hydrogen evolution reaction.

Water-Based Synthesis of Ultrasmall PEGylated Gold–Silica Core–Shell Nanoparticles with Long-Term Stability

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5201-5207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Sun ◽  
Hiroaki Sai ◽  
Frederick von Stein ◽  
Mark Riccio ◽  
Ulrich Wiesner
Keyword(s):  
Core Shell ◽  
Shell Nanoparticles ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Silica Core ◽  
Core Shell Nanoparticles

Stability and Change in Emotional Intelligence: Exploring the Transition to Young Adulthood

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D.A. Parker ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske ◽  
Laura M. Wood ◽  
Jennifer M. Eastabrook ◽  
Robyn N. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Life Transition ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Transition From High School

Abstract. The concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has attracted growing interest from researchers working in various fields. The present study examined the long-term stability (32 months) of EI-related abilities over the course of a major life transition (the transition from high school to university). During the first week of full-time study, a large group of undergraduates completed the EQ-i:Short; 32 months later a random subset of these students (N = 238), who had started their postsecondary education within 24 months of graduating from high school, completed the measures for a second time. The study found EI scores to be relatively stable over the 32-month time period. EI scores were also found to be significantly higher at Time 2; the overall pattern of change in EI-levels was more than can be attributed to the increased age of the participants.

Multi-Center Calibration of the Second Reference Material for Thromboplastin, Rabbit, Plain, Coded CRM 149R

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (03) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M H P van den Besselaar ◽  
R M Bertina
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Significant Bias ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
International Sensitivity Index

SummaryIn a collaborative trial of eleven laboratories which was performed mainly within the framework of the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR), a second reference material for thromboplastin, rabbit, plain, was calibrated against its predecessor RBT/79. This second reference material (coded CRM 149R) has a mean International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of 1.343 with a standard error of the mean of 0.035. The standard error of the ISI was determined by combination of the standard errors of the ISI of RBT/79 and the slope of the calibration line in this trial.The BCR reference material for thromboplastin, human, plain (coded BCT/099) was also included in this trial for assessment of the long-term stability of the relationship with RBT/79. The results indicated that this relationship has not changed over a period of 8 years. The interlaboratory variation of the slope of the relationship between CRM 149R and RBT/79 was significantly lower than the variation of the slope of the relationship between BCT/099 and RBT/79. In addition to the manual technique, a semi-automatic coagulometer according to Schnitger & Gross was used to determine prothrombin times with CRM 149R. The mean ISI of CRM 149R was not affected by replacement of the manual technique by this particular coagulometer.Two lyophilized plasmas were included in this trial. The mean slope of relationship between RBT/79 and CRM 149R based on the two lyophilized plasmas was the same as the corresponding slope based on fresh plasmas. Tlowever, the mean slope of relationship between RBT/79 and BCT/099 based on the two lyophilized plasmas was 4.9% higher than the mean slope based on fresh plasmas. Thus, the use of these lyophilized plasmas induced a small but significant bias in the slope of relationship between these thromboplastins of different species.

The Stability of the WHO Reference Thromboplastin NIBS & C 67/40

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 1135-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
G I C Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Calibration Constant ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Human Material ◽  
Reference Preparation ◽  
The Stability

SummaryThe International Reference Preparation of human brain thromboplastin coded 67/40 has been thought to show evidence of instability. The evidence is discussed and is not thought to be strong; but it is suggested that it would be wise to replace 67/40 with a new preparation of human brain, both for this reason and because 67/40 is in a form (like Thrombotest) in which few workers seem to use human brain. A �plain� preparation would be more appropriate; and a freeze-dried sample of BCT is recommended as the successor preparation. The opportunity should be taken also to replace the corresponding ox and rabbit preparations. In the collaborative study which would be required it would then be desirable to test in parallel the three old and the three new preparations. The relative sensitivities of the old preparations could be compared with those found in earlier studies to obtain further evidence on the stability of 67/40; if stability were confirmed, the new preparations should be calibrated against it, but if not, the new human material should receive a calibration constant of 1.0 and the new ox and rabbit materials calibrated against that.The types of evidence available for monitoring the long-term stability of a thromboplastin are discussed.

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