scholarly journals Thermodynamic Modeling and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Zn-{Y, Ce} Alloys: Review

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1592
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aljarrah ◽  
Jasim Alnahas ◽  
Mohammed Alhartomi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Calphad Approach ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagrams ◽  
Strong Candidate

Magnesium alloys are a strong candidate for various applications in automobile and aerospace industries due to their low density and specific strength. Micro-alloying magnesium with zinc, yttrium, and cerium enhances mechanical properties of magnesium through grain refinement and precipitation hardening. In this work, a critical review of magnesium-based binary systems including Mg-Zn, Mg-Y, Mg-Ce, Zn-Y, and Zn-Ce is presented. Based on the CALPHAD approach and first-principles calculations, thermodynamic modeling of Mg-Zn-Y and Mg-Zn-Ce ternary phase diagrams have been summarized. The influence of micro-alloying (yttrium and cerium) on the mechanical properties of magnesium is discussed. A comparison between mechanical properties of magnesium commercial alloys and magnesium–zinc–{yttrium and cerium} have been summarized in tables.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic modeling of the Na-X (X = Si, Ag, Cu, Cr) systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hao ◽  
M. Bu ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
Y. Tang ◽  
Q. Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Enthalpies Of Formation ◽  
Calphad Approach ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Self Consistent ◽  
Measured Phase

The Na-X (X = Si, Ag, Cu, Cr) systems have been critically reviewed and modeled by means of the CALPHAD approach. The two compounds, NaSi and Ag2Na, are treated as stoichiometric ones. By means of first-principles calculations, the enthalpies of formation at 0 K for the LT-NaSi (low temperature form of NaSi) and Ag2Na have been computed to be -5210 and -29821.8 Jmol-1, respectively, with the desire to assist thermodynamic modeling. One set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters is obtained for each of these binary systems. Comparisons between calculated and measured phase diagrams show that most of the experimental information can be satisfactorily accounted for by the present thermodynamic descriptions.

Thermodynamic Analysis of Steels by Incorporating First-Principles Calculations into the CALPHAD Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 2413-2418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ohtani ◽  
N. Hanaya ◽  
Mitsuhiro Hasebe
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Experimental Information ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Calphad Approach ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Plane Wave Method ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagrams ◽  
High Degree

A thermodynamic analysis of the Fe−M−P (M = Nb, Ti) ternary system has been performed by combining first-principles calculations with the CALPHAD approach. Because of the lack of experimental information available, thermodynamic properties of orthorhombic anti-PbCl2-type FeMP were evaluated using the Full Potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave method, and the estimated values were introduced into a CALPHAD-type thermodynamic analysis. Applying this procedure, the phase diagrams of the Fe−M−P ternary phase diagrams whose contents are uncertain so far were calculated with a high degree of probability. Phase diagrams for high-purity ferritic stainless steels obtained following the same procedure are also presented.

scholarly journals Sintering and mechanical properties of porcelains prepared from algerian raw materials

Cerâmica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (344) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kitouni ◽  
A. Harabi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Phase Diagrams ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagrams

Porcelain is a type of ceramics highly valued for its beauty and strength. The overall goal of this work is to utilize local raw materials within the following fractions: 37 wt.% kaolin, 35 wt.% feldspar and 28 wt.% quartz. This composition has been selected on the basis of the ternary phase diagrams (kaolin-feldspar-quartz). The densification behaviour indicated that specimens sintered at 1200 °C for 2 h with a heating rate of 5 °C/min, have a bulk density of about 2.50 g/cm³. This value is slightly higher than that reported for the conventional porcelain products (2.45 g/cm³). Porcelain specimens with and without calcination sintered at 1200 °C for 2 h have tensile strength values of about 45 and 73 MPa, respectively (equivalent flexural strength values of about 122 and 197 MPa, respectively). The flexural strength values of both specimens are much higher than those reported for conventional porcelains (ranged between 60 and 80 MPa). Furthermore, the value of micro-hardness of the fired samples without calcination at 1200 °C is 9.3 ± 0.2 GPa which is higher than the commercial porcelain products (5.5 GPa).

Thermodynamic Analysis of the Fe-Mn-P Ternary Phase Diagram by Combining the First-Principles and CALPHAD Methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 1899-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tokunaga ◽  
N. Hanaya ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtani ◽  
Mitsuhiro Hasebe
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
The Enthalpy Of Formation

A thermodynamic analysis of the Fe-Mn-P ternary system has been carried out using the CALPHAD method. Among the three binary systems relevant to this ternary phase diagram, the thermodynamic parameters of the Mn-P binary system were evaluated in this study. The enthalpy of formation of the binary phosphides obtained from our first-principles calculations was utilized in the present analysis to compensate for the lack of available experimental data. The thermodynamic descriptions of the Fe-Mn and Fe-P binary systems were taken from previous studies. The phase equilibria in the Fe-Mn-P ternary system were analysed based on the experimental data on the phase boundaries. The calculated phase diagrams are in agreement with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic modeling of the Bi-M (M = Ti, Cr, V) systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Cao ◽  
J. Xin ◽  
C. Chen ◽  
S. Liu ◽  
B. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Modeling ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Calphad Technique ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Self Consistent ◽  
The Enthalpy Of Formation ◽  
Measured Phase

The Bi-M (M = Ti, Cr, V) systems have been critically reviewed and modeled by means of the CALPHAD technique. All the intermetallics (BiTi3, BiTi2, Bi9Ti8, Bi3Ti2 and Bi2Ti) were treated as stoichiometric compounds. The enthalpy of formation at 0 K for BiTi2 was computed via first-principles calculations to assist the thermodynamic modeling. The gas phases for the Bi-Cr and Bi-V systems were treated as ideal gas. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters has been finally obtained for each of these binary systems. Comparisons between the calculated and measured phase diagrams as well as first-principles calculations show that most of experimental data can be satisfactorily reproduced by the present thermodynamic descriptions.

Influence of AlCuSc Ternary Phase on the Microstructure and Properties of 1469 Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 794-796 ◽  
pp. 1057-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jia ◽  
Zi Qiao Zheng ◽  
Xian Fu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ternary Phase ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Coarse Particles ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Type Alloy ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Al Matrix

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a 1469 alloy and a Sc-free1469 type alloy were examined. SEM observation indicates that AlCuSc ternary phases (W) are formed after homogenization annealing, and cannot be dissolved during the following heat treatments. These coarse particles consume abundant Cu atoms from the Al matrix that are available for solutioning, which results in the decrease of precipitation of the T1 phase during aging treatment. The W phase has negative effects on the examined alloy’s mechanical properties. The tensile strength of Sc-added alloy is 40MPa lower than that of the Sc-free alloy. The formation of the W phase has a close relationship with Cu/Sc ratio, which shows the importance of controlling the concentration of Cu and addition of Sc. Formation of W phase suppress the effect of precipitation hardening of the T1 phase in high strength Al-Cu-Li alloys

BERYLCO 25S

Alloy Digest ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
Endurance Strength ◽  
Wear And Corrosion ◽  
Resistance To Wear

Abstract Berylco 25S alloy is the high-performance beryllium-copper spring material of 2 percent nominal beryllium content. It responds to precipitation-hardening for maximum mechanical properties. It has high elastic and endurance strength, good electrical and thermal conductivity, excellent resistance to wear and corrosion, high corrosion-fatigue strength, good resistance to moderately elevated temperatures, and no embrittlement or loss of normal ductility at subzero temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-3. Producer or source: Beryllium Corporation.

VIRGO 17.4 PH

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract Virgo 17.4 PH is a 17Cr-4Ni-3Cu-0.3% Cb alloy that is precipitation hardening. It is martensitic and combines high mechanical properties with corrosion resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1145. Producer or source: Industeel USA, LLC.

JESSOP JS17Cr-4Ni

Alloy Digest ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Lower Strength ◽  
Nickel Copper ◽  
Short Time

Abstract JESSOP JS17Cr-4Ni is a martensitic, precipitation-hardening chromium-nickel-copper stainless steel. It provides an excellent combination of high strength and hardness, short-time low-temperature precipitation hardening and good mechanical properties at temperatures up to 600 F (316 C). Its corrosion resistance is quite good but inferior to lower strength grades produced for corrosion-resistance applications. JS17Cr-4Ni is used widely for critical applications in the aerospace, chemical, food processing and other industries. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SS-412. Producer or source: Jessop Steel Company.

EFFECT OF ZINC DITHIOCARBAMATES AND THIAZOLE-BASED ACCELERATORS ON THE VULCANIZATION OF NATURAL RUBBER

2012 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Najib Alam ◽  
Swapan Kumar Mandal ◽  
Subhas Chandra Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide

Abstract Several zinc dithiocarbamates (ZDCs) as accelerator derived from safe amine has been exclusively studied in the presence of thiazole-based accelerators to introduce safe dithiocarbamate in the vulcanization of natural rubber. Comparison has been made between conventional unsafe zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ZDMC) with safe novel ZDC combined with thizole-based accelerators in the light of mechanical properties. The study reveals that thiuram disulfide and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) are always formed from the reaction either between ZDC and dibenzothiazyledisulfide (MBTS) or between ZDC and N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide (CBS). It has been conclusively proved that MBT generated from MBTS or CBS reacts with ZDC and produces tetramethylthiuram disulfide. The observed synergistic activity has been discussed based on the cure and physical data and explained through the results based on high-performance liquid chromatography and a reaction mechanism. Synergistic activity is observed in all binary systems studied. The highest tensile strength is observed in the zinc (N-benzyl piperazino) dithiocarbamate-accelerated system at 3:6 mM ratios. In respect of tensile strength and modulus value, unsafe ZDMC can be successfully replaced by safe ZDCs in combination with thiazole group containing accelerator.

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