Assessment of Water Quality, Eutrophication, and Zooplankton Community in Lake Burullus, Egypt

Burullus Lake is Egypt’s second most important coastal lagoon. The present study aimed to shed light on the different types of polluted waters entering the lake from various drains, as well as to evaluate the zooplankton community, determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the waters, and study the eutrophication state based on three years of seasonal monitoring from 2017 to 2019 at 12 stations. The results revealed that Rotifera, Copepoda, Protozoa, and Cladocera dominated the zooplankton population across the three-year study period, with a total of 98 taxa from 59 genera and 10 groups detected in the whole-body lake in 2018 and 2019, compared to 93 species from 52 genera in 2017. Twelve representative surface water samples were collected from the lake to determine physicochemical parameters, i.e., temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia-N, nitrate–N, nitrate-N, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, dissolved reactive phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a, as well as Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, and Pb ions. Based on the calculations of the water quality index (WQI), the lake was classified as having good water quality. However, the trophic state is ranked as hyper-eutrophic and high trophic conditions.

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Impact of Partially Treated Wastewater on Downstream Water Quality of Notwane River in Botswana

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jerr/2018/v1i49882 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Gilbert K. Gaboutloeloe ◽

Gugu Molokwe ◽

Benedict Kayombo

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Nitrate N ◽

River Stretch ◽

Ph Range ◽

The Impact

The impact of partially treated wastewater on the water quality of Notwane river stretch in the Gaborone region of Botswana was investigated. Water samples collected at effluent discharge point and three other sampling sites downstream were analyzed for pH, temperature, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Ammonia-nitrogen (Ammonia-N) and Nitrate-nitrogen (Nitrate-N). Sampling was conducted bi-weekly between February 2013 and April 2013. The ranges of measured parameters were: pH (7.6-8.5), temperature (22-23ºC), BOD5 (11.2-27.0 mg/l), Ammonia-N (2.4-60.5 mg/l), Nitrate-N (20.6-28.6 mg/l). Analysis of variance, Games-Howel multiple comparisons and Pearson correlation were used to separate variable means. The results signal river non-point pollution due to runoff inflow of organics mainly from land use and domestic waste dumping by nearby dwellings. Temperature, BOD5, and pH range values were all within the Botswana Bureau of Standards (BOBS) limit while the maximum Ammonia-N and Nitrate-N were above BOBS limit by 50.5 mg/l and 6.6 mg/l, respectively. Regulations on indiscriminate waste dumping and discharge standards adherence should be enforced.

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Limnological properties of Antarctic ponds during winter freezing

Antarctic Science ◽

10.1017/s0954102091000482 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 379-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

S. Schmidt ◽

W. Moskal ◽

S. J. De Mora ◽

C. Howard-Williams ◽

W. F. Vincent

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Activity ◽

Sodium Sulphate ◽

Organic N ◽

Nitrogen Species ◽

Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Bottom Waters ◽

Shallow Ponds ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Chemical Conditions ◽

Physical And Chemical

Two shallow ponds at Cape Evans, Ross Island, were sampled at 1–2 week intervals, during winter freezing throughout the winter and during the subsequent melt period, to examine the physical and chemical conditions imposed on the biota during the year. Liquid water was first detected at the base of the ponds in late December. During the main summer melt period conductivities were less than 10 mS cm−1 with maximum daily temperatures around 5°C. The bottom waters became increasingly saline during freezing and water temperatures decreased below 0°C; by June the remaining water overlying the sediments had conductivities >150 mS cm−1 and temperatures of −13°C. Calcium carbonate, then sodium sulphate precipitated out of solution during early freezing. The dominant nitrogen species was dissolved organic-N which reached 12 g m−3 in Pond 1 just prior to final freeze up. The organic and inorganic forms of nitrogen and dissolved reactive phosphorus increased with increasing conductivity in the ponds. The behaviour of particulate-N and particulate-P mirrored that of chlorophyll a with a peak in March-April and a second higher peak just before final freeze-up. This study provides clear evidence that organisms which persist throughout the year in Antarctic coastal ponds must be capable of surviving much more severe osmotic, pH, temperature and redox conditions than those measured during the summer melt. Deoxygenation, pH decline and H2S production, however, point to continued respiratory activity well into the dark winter months.

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Improving endangered antelope habitat through water quality assessment and collaboration with Kenya Wildlife Service

International Journal of One Health ◽

10.14202/ijoh.2020.118-122 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 118-122

Author(s):

Tamie Joy Jovanelly

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Animal Health ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Open Water ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

Water Sources ◽

Minimum Criteria ◽

Physical And Chemical

Background and Aim: A population of endangered sitatunga antelope (Tragelaphus spekii) lives in a free-range environment at Impala Sanctuary in Kisumu, Kenya. Kenya Wildlife Service park officials suspected that increased demands on outdated sewage infrastructure caused animal drinking water sources to become contaminated which resulted in animal sickness and death. In this study, we complete a water quality assessment on open water sources within the park boundaries to determine if water was suitable for animal consumption. Materials and Methods: For the assessment of water, we measure eight physical and chemical parameters (pH, temperature, fecal coliform, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, nitrates, total phosphates, and turbidity). These eight parameters were chosen because they are used to establish a water quality index (WQI) percentage which proved to be useful to communicate conditions to park rangers, stakeholders, and adjacent landowners. Results: Through 6 months of assessments, data collection, and analysis, we determined that most open water sources are severely contaminated, ranking on the WQI from 46% to 58% (bad to medium). In addition, we compared our data to drinking water standards set by the U.S. Department of Agriculture for livestock to find that only two sites met the minimum criteria. The remaining four sites were exponentially contaminated with levels reaching 10× recommended values for animal health. Conclusion: Following these findings, the park was able to attract money for sewage infrastructure rebuilds that resolved the contamination problems. Sickness and death of free-roaming animals, including the antelope, were reduced.

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Prediction of dissolved reactive phosphorus losses from small agricultural catchments: calibration and validation of a parsimonious model

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-17-3679-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 3679-3693 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

C. Hahn ◽

V. Prasuhn ◽

C. Stamm ◽

P. Lazzarotto ◽

M. W. H. Evangelou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Ecosystem Functions ◽

Agricultural Catchments ◽

Model Predictions ◽

Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Parsimonious Model ◽

Water Quality Problem

Abstract. Eutrophication of surface waters due to diffuse phosphorus (P) losses continues to be a severe water quality problem worldwide, causing the loss of ecosystem functions of the respective water bodies. Phosphorus in runoff often originates from a small fraction of a catchment only. Targeting mitigation measures to these critical source areas (CSAs) is expected to be most efficient and cost-effective, but requires suitable tools. Here we investigated the capability of the parsimonious Rainfall-Runoff-Phosphorus (RRP) model to identify CSAs in grassland-dominated catchments based on readily available soil and topographic data. After simultaneous calibration on runoff data from four small hilly catchments on the Swiss Plateau, the model was validated on a different catchment in the same region without further calibration. The RRP model adequately simulated the discharge and dissolved reactive P (DRP) export from the validation catchment. Sensitivity analysis showed that the model predictions were robust with respect to the classification of soils into "poorly drained" and "well drained", based on the available soil map. Comparing spatial hydrological model predictions with field data from the validation catchment provided further evidence that the assumptions underlying the model are valid and that the model adequately accounts for the dominant P export processes in the target region. Thus, the parsimonious RRP model is a valuable tool that can be used to determine CSAs. Despite the considerable predictive uncertainty regarding the spatial extent of CSAs, the RRP can provide guidance for the implementation of mitigation measures. The model helps to identify those parts of a catchment where high DRP losses are expected or can be excluded with high confidence. Legacy P was predicted to be the dominant source for DRP losses and thus, in combination with hydrologic active areas, a high risk for water quality.

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WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PUNASA DAM (INDIRA SAGAR DAM), MADHYA PRADESH

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/12476 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (02) ◽

pp. 501-508

Author(s):

Heena Saraswat ◽

◽

Meenakshi Solanki ◽

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

Madhya Pradesh ◽

Phosphorus Concentration ◽

Quality Guidelines ◽

The Status ◽

One Year ◽

Physical And Chemical

The Indirasagar Dam (Punasa Dam) is a multipurpose key project of Madhya Pradesh on the Narmada river at Narmada Nagar in Khandwa (Tehsil of West Nimar district) Madhya Pradesh in India.The physical and chemical properties of water including temperature, pH, transparency, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, hardness, nitrate, calcium and phosphorus concentration, were monitored from October 2018 to September 2019. The physical and chemical parameters were analyzed as per APHA, revealed that there were fewer variations in the physicochemical parameters and results received through the entire one year of study showed that the status of water quality is quite normal and within the permissible limit as mentioned with ISI.Moreover, according to the findings of this research and their comparison with the national and international water quality guidelines/standards, it could be said that the water quality of Punasa dam during the study period was acceptable. However, due to the changes occurred in nitrate and phosphorus and extensive development of eutrophication problem, accurate and continuous evaluation of water quality in this reservoir is deemed necessary.

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Water Quality and Dynamic of Schistosomiasis Intermediate Host Snails in the Lake Areas, District of So-Ava, Southern Benin

International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research ◽

10.14741/ijmcr/v.6.6.16 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Moudachirou Ibikounlé1 ◽

Ablavi A. Onzo-Aboki ◽

Elokou Alabi ◽

Samoussou Dine Mahama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Intermediate Host ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Control Programme ◽

Freshwater Snails ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Water Parameters ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Chemical Water

Objectives: Urinary schistosomiasis is known to be endemic in the lake Nokoué areas of the District of So-Ava. For the past ten years, the National Control Programme for Communicable Diseases of the Ministry of Health has been making efforts to control schistosomiaisis morbidity through mass drug treatment with Praziquantel. This study aimed to assess the diversity and dynamic of potential snails known as schistosomiasis intermediate hosts. Methodology and Results: This study was carried out for 12 months (from July 2015 to June 2016) and consisted in the periodical analysis of the physical and chemical water parameters (temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, nitrite and nitrate rates. Salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS) and, biochemical oxygen demand) in relation with diversity, distribution and relative abundance of freshwater snails (Bulinus forskalii, B. globosus and B. truncatus). To this end, seven harvesting sites on Lake Nokoué were, reasonably selected for monthly hydrobiological and malacological data monitoring. The results showed a variable correlation between the dynamic of schistosomiasis intermediate host snailsm and several physico-chemical water parameters. Bulinus globosus was negatively influenced by salinity and nitrate rates while B. forskalii was negatively influenced by pH, Oxygen, TDS, salinity and nitrate rates. The three species of freshwater snails were strongly influenced by the water temperature. Conclusion: The results suggest a seasonal schistosome transmission induced by the seasonal dynamic of intermediate host snails. Water quality seems appropriate to the development of host snails from December to March and would be the strong period of schistosomiasis transmission. However, furthermore studies will need for well understanding the dynamic transmission necessary for developing adapted strategy control.

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Water quality assessment of the Sinos River – RS, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.01613suppl ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 75 (4 suppl 2) ◽

pp. 62-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C. Steffens ◽

C. R. Klauck ◽

T. Benvenuti ◽

L. B. Silva ◽

M. A. S. Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Samples ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

Fecal Coliforms ◽

Control Group ◽

The Public ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

Physical And Chemical

Worldwide environmental pollution is increasing at the same rate as social and economic development. This growth, however, is disorganized and leads to increased degradation of water resources. Water, which was once considered inexhaustible, has become the focus of environmental concerns because it is essential for life and for many production processes. This article describes monitoring of the water quality at three points along the Sinos River (RS, Brazil), one in each of the upper, middle and lower stretches. The points were sampled in 2013 and again in 2014. The water samples were analyzed to determine the following physical and chemical parameters plus genotoxicity to fish: metals (Cr, Fe, Al), chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, chlorides, conductivity, total suspended solids, total phosphorous, total and fecal coliforms, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total Kjeldahl nitrogen nitrate and ammoniacal nitrogen. Genotoxicity was tested by exposing individuals of the species Astyanax jacuhiensis to water samples and then comparing them with a control group exposed to water from the public water supply. The results confirmed the presence of substances with genotoxic potential at the sample points located in the middle and lower stretches of the river. The results for samples from the upper stretch, at P1, did not exhibit differences in relation to the control group. The physical and chemical analyses did not detect reductions in water quality in the lower stretch, as had been expected in view of the large volumes of domestic and industrial effluents discharged into this part of the river.

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Water quality indices based on bioassessment: The biotic indices

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2011.133 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 330-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Tasneem Abbasi ◽

S. A. Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Biotic Indices ◽

Quality Indices ◽

Water Quality Indices ◽

Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽

Physical And Chemical

Water quality indices (WQIs), which translate numerical values of several water quality characteristics of a sample into a single value, play a very important role in the monitoring, comparison and control of water quality. The WQIs of modern and post-modern times have been almost exclusively based on physical and chemical characteristics, and have seldom included ‘biological’ characteristics other than biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and faecal coliforms. During the last three decades of the 20th century, indices based on bioassessment have been increasingly used in some developed countries, besides South Africa and Serbia, to complement the conventional WQIs, but the rest of the world continues to base its WQIs predominantly on physical and chemical characteristics. The serious drawbacks of this approach have been elucidated in this paper and, against that background, the state-of-the-art of biotic indices has been summarized. The paper makes a strong case for greater reliance on bioassessment-based WQIs, especially by developing countries, to strengthen the diagnostic value of the conventional WQIs.

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Prediction of dissolved reactive phosphorus losses from small agricultural catchments: calibration and validation of a parsimonious model

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-10-1465-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1465-1510

Author(s):

C. Hahn ◽

V. Prasuhn ◽

C. Stamm ◽

P. Lazzarotto ◽

M. W. H. Evangelou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

Ecosystem Functions ◽

Agricultural Catchments ◽

Model Predictions ◽

Dissolved Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Reactive Phosphorus ◽

Parsimonious Model ◽

Water Quality Problem

Abstract. Eutrophication of surface waters due to diffuse phosphorus (P) losses continues to be a severe water quality problem world-wide, causing the loss of ecosystem functions of the respective water bodies. Phosphorus in runoff often originates from a small fraction of a catchment only. Targeting mitigation measures to these critical source areas (CSA) is expected to be most efficient and cost-effective, but requires suitable tools. Here we investigated the capability of the parsimonious Rainfall-Runoff-Phosphorus (RRP) model to identify CSA in grassland-dominated catchments based on readily available soil and topographic data. After simultaneous calibration on runoff data from four small hilly catchments on the Swiss Plateau, the model was validated on a different catchment in the same region without further calibration. The RRP model adequately simulated the discharge and dissolved reactive P (DRP) export from the validation catchment. Sensitivity analysis showed that the model predictions were robust with respect to the classification of soils into "poorly drained" and "well drained", based on the available soil map. Comparing spatial hydrological model predictions with field data from the validation catchment provided further evidence that the assumptions underlying the model are valid and that the model adequately accounts for the dominant P export processes in the target region. Thus, the parsimonious RRP model is a valuable tool that can be used to determine CSA. Despite the considerable predictive uncertainty regarding the spatial extent of CSAs the RRP can provide guidance for the implementation of mitigation measures. The model helps to identify those parts of a catchment where high DRP losses are expected or can be excluded with high confidence. Legacy P was predicted to be the dominant source for DRP losses and thus, in combination with hydrologic active areas, a high risk for water quality.

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Plankton Communities and Physicochemical Properties in Seawater Post Tsunami 2004 Damaged in Phang Nga Province, Thailand

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.558 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1030-1032 ◽

pp. 558-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Porn Uma Krainara ◽

Nathawut Thanee ◽

Watcharaporn Tantipanatip ◽

Sarawee Aroon ◽

Thanapan Thanee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Total Dissolved Solids ◽

Tsunami Disaster ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Plankton Communities ◽

Tsunami 2004

The plankton communities (phytoplankton and zooplankton) and physicochemical properties in seawater were monitored between January to December 2008 at nine coastal mariculture and local fisheries piers in Phang Nga Province, Thailand, to assess water quality rehabilitation following the Tsunami disaster of 2004. All physical and chemical values fell within the ranges that are considered normal for unpolluted water: temperature ranged from 29.84 (± 0.47) - 31.29 (± 0.27) °C; transparency ranged from 49 (± 7) - 108 (± 7) cm; total dissolved solids ranged from 17,060 (± 162) - 26,240 (± 68) mg/l; electrical conductivity ranged from 34.12 (± 3.48) - 52.48 (± 1.62) mS/cm; pH ranged from 6.69 (± 0.13) - 7.94 (± 0.07); salinity ranged from 19.48 (± 1.78) - 30.28 (± 0.44) ppt.; dissolved oxygen ranged from 6.36 (± 0.35) - 7.49 (± 0.35); biochemical oxygen demand ranged from 2.04 (± 0.25) - 3.80 (± 0.20) mg/l; and chemical oxygen demand ranged from 34.0 (± 0.95) - 63.3 (± 0.84) mg/l. Phytoplanktons were recorded to Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta, Chrysophyta, Cyanophyta and Pyrrhophyta. Zooplanktons were determined to six Phyla i.e. Chordata, Annelida, Arthropoda, Rotifera, Mollusca and Protozoa.

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