scholarly journals What to Look Out for in a Newborn with Multiple Papulonodular Skin Lesions at Birth

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-417
Author(s):  
Sylvie Fraitag ◽  
Olivia Boccara
Keyword(s):  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Aspect ◽  
Infantile Myofibromatosis ◽  
Leukemia Cutis

Multiple papulonodular skin lesions at birth can indicate the presence of various benign and malignant disorders. Although the lesions’ clinical aspect (color and consistency, in particular) may steer the clinician towards one disorder or another (infantile myofibromatosis, xanthogranuloma, or metastatic neuroblastoma), the diagnosis can only be confirmed by the histopathologic assessment of a biopsy. In neonates, a rapid but accurate diagnosis is critical because skin lesions may be the first manifestation of a malignant disorder like leukemia cutis or metastatic neuroblastoma. Here, we review the various disorders that may manifest themselves as multiple skin lesions at birth.

scholarly journals Intelligent Dermatologist Tool for Classifying Multiple Skin Cancer Subtypes by Incorporating Manifold Radiomics Features Categories

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Omneya Attallah ◽  
Maha Sharkas
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level

The rates of skin cancer (SC) are rising every year and becoming a critical health issue worldwide. SC’s early and accurate diagnosis is the key procedure to reduce these rates and improve survivability. However, the manual diagnosis is exhausting, complicated, expensive, prone to diagnostic error, and highly dependent on the dermatologist’s experience and abilities. Thus, there is a vital need to create automated dermatologist tools that are capable of accurately classifying SC subclasses. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) techniques including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have verified the success of computer-assisted dermatologist tools in the automatic diagnosis and detection of SC diseases. Previous AI-based dermatologist tools are based on features which are either high-level features based on DL methods or low-level features based on handcrafted operations. Most of them were constructed for binary classification of SC. This study proposes an intelligent dermatologist tool to accurately diagnose multiple skin lesions automatically. This tool incorporates manifold radiomics features categories involving high-level features such as ResNet-50, DenseNet-201, and DarkNet-53 and low-level features including discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and local binary pattern (LBP). The results of the proposed intelligent tool prove that merging manifold features of different categories has a high influence on the classification accuracy. Moreover, these results are superior to those obtained by other related AI-based dermatologist tools. Therefore, the proposed intelligent tool can be used by dermatologists to help them in the accurate diagnosis of the SC subcategory. It can also overcome manual diagnosis limitations, reduce the rates of infection, and enhance survival rates.

Adoptive Transfer Of WT-1 Specific HLA Class 2 Restricted Donor-Derived T-cells Induces Sustained Remission Of AML Relapse Post Transplant Presenting As Leukemia Cutis

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 2085-2085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Prockop ◽  
Ekaterina Doubrovina ◽  
Roberta Adams ◽  
Farid Boulad ◽  
Nancy A. Kernan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Unrelated Donor ◽  
Sustained Remission ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Leukemia Cutis

Abstract The Wilms tumor protein,WT1, is a potentially targetable tumor associated antigen that is overexpressed in a majority of pediatric leukemias. T cells with cytotoxic activity restricted to WT1 peptide can be expanded from the peripheral blood of normal donors using pulsed EBV transformed BLCLs as stimulators. As part of an ongoing clinical trial, a patient with multiply relapsed leukemia cutis was successfully treated with donor derived WT1 CTLs. The patient was initially diagnosed with MLL rearranged AML at 3 months of age with marrow and cutaneous involvement. By 3.5 years of age, he had undergone two stem cell transplants (SCT) from a sex-mismatched HLA matched unrelated donor. Multiple episodes of isolated cutaneous relapse starting two months after the second SCT were treated with DLI at escalating doses (3.3 x 10e8/kg) as well as local radiotherapy with continued development of new lesions. He was started on Interferon 2b alpha five months after second SCT with good response but was taken off of it for clinical intolerance and one month later again developed cutaneous lesions for which he received DLI, radiotherapy and was restarted on low dose Interferon 2b alpha with stabilization of disease. Biopsy of one of the lesions demonstrated the presence of MLL rearranged leukemic blasts that by PCR demonstrated WT1 expression. WT1 directed CTLs were generated from his SCT donor. These WT1 CTLs were restricted by HLA-DRB1 0801. The immunodominant epitopes presented by this allele were defined (281- 292 and 425-436) using overlapping pools of pentadecapeptides. The CTLs were cytotoxic at 25:1 E:T ratio against autologous BLCLs (33%) and autologous BLCLs loaded with the WT1 peptides (65%) but not against HLA mismatched BLCLs (2%) or K562 cells (0%). The line was composed of a mix of CD8 (64%) and CD4 (30%) T cells. The patient was treated on Day 0,7, 21 and 35 with 30 x 10e6/m2 of WT1 CTLs. The first cycle of therapy was associated with resolution of one of the skin lesions and he went on to receive two additional cycles of WT1 CTLs. Expansion of circulating WT1 and EBV specific precursors in the blood was detected after these infusions. One of two residual skin lesions was biopsied and demonstrated no active leukemic infiltrate and the presence of donor derived T cells. However, at no time prior to or following the WT-1 specific T-cell infusions has he developed any cutaneous or other evidence of GvHD. Based on uncertainty about the duration of WT1 CTL maintenance in vivo the patient has received multiple cycles of T cell infusions. Strikingly, each cycle of cells has resulted in an expansion of circulating WT1 and EBV specific precursors. The patient is now 5 years old and has been in continuous remission for 20 months. Prior studies have focused almost exclusively on vaccines and T-cell therapies specific for immunogenic epitopes of WT-1 presented by prevalent class I HLA alleles. This patient provides evidence underscoring the therapeutic potential of T-cells specific for immunogenic WT-1 peptides presented by HLA class II alleles. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Metastatic plasma cell leukemia to the skin: a case report with review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Pezzolo ◽  
Deborah Saraggi ◽  
Luigi Naldi
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Plasma Cell Leukemia ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cutis ◽  
Aggressive Clinical Course ◽  
New Skin

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare variant of leukemia with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. The cutaneous involvement in PCL is very rare either at clinical presentation of leukemia, namely “leukemia cutis”, or in the metastatic PCL to the skin. We present a case of eruptive multiple cutaneous nodules in a 56-year-old man with metastatic PCL. Histologically, a diffuse dermal and subcutaneous infiltration of ovoid cells with amphophilic cytoplasm and eccentrically located nucleus consistent with plasmacytoid morphology was observed. Neoplastic cells showed strong immunoexpression for CD138 and CD38 consistent with plasma cells phenotype, and loss of expression of CD56. Kappa light chain restriction similar to the phenotype of his PCL was demonstrated. We suggest that the evaluation of new skin lesions in leukemic patients should include a histopathologic examination to establish the diagnosis as soon as possible and a correct management of the disease.

scholarly journals Mixed Infection Caused by Two Species ofFusarium in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patient

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 3460-3462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Guarro ◽  
Marcio Nucci ◽  
Tiyomi Akiti ◽  
Josepa Gené
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Positive Patient ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patient ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

We report on a case of mixed infection caused by two species ofFusarium in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with lymphoma who was neutropenic due to chemotherapy. The patient showed the typical signs of a disseminated fusarial infection, withFusarium solani isolated from skin lesions and F. verticillioides isolated from blood. The report discusses how difficult it is to make an accurate diagnosis when an immunosuppressed patient is infected with more than one fungal species, especially when the species are morphologically very similar.

scholarly journals Early diagnosis of melanoma by surface microscopy (dermatoscopy)

1996 ◽  
Vol 114 (4) ◽  
pp. 1220-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Macedo Paschoal
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Melanocytic Lesions ◽  
Surface Microscopy ◽  
Pigmented Skin Lesions

The main objective of surface microscopy is the early and accurate diagnosis of melanoma in its initial phases of evolution and infiltration. Since the development of the dermatoscope in the 1990's, surface microscopy has become a simple technique. Differential diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions can be achieved with a diagnostic sensitivity of about 90 percent, and the proper differentiation of pigmented melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions, and malignant and benign melanocytic lesions, may also be safely determined.

scholarly journals Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia Presenting as Leukemia Cutis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetha Narayanan ◽  
M. T. Sugeeth ◽  
Lali V. Soman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Monocytic Differentiation ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Congenital Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cutis

Leukemia cutis (LC) is defined as infiltration of the skin by leukemic cells resulting in clinically recognizable cutaneous lesions. It is common in congenital leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. However, LC has rarely been reported with mixed phenotypic acute leukemia (MPAL). We report the case of a lady who presented with erythematous papular and nodular lesions all over the body. Skin biopsy showed leukemic infiltration and bone marrow aspiration showed MPAL of the T/myeloid with monocytic differentiation lineage. This is the first report of an adult patient with MPAL of the T/myeloid with monocytic differentiation type presenting with leukemia cutis. She was started on chemotherapy with Hyper-CVAD. There is complete resolution of the skin lesions and she has achieved bone marrow remission after the first cycle of chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Skin changes in hairy cell leukemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Robak ◽  
Dorota Jesionek-Kupnicka ◽  
Tadeusz Robak
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Hairy Cell ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Secondary Neoplasms ◽  
Neutrophilic Dermatoses ◽  
Leukemia Cutis

AbstractSkin lesions have been reported in about 10–12% of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) patients. Most are etiologically related to autoimmune or infectious processes, although secondary cutaneous neoplasms and drug-induced lesions are also reported. However, leukemia cutis with the direct infiltration of the skin by leukemic cells is extremely rare in HCL patients. This paper reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and approach to treating skin lesions in HCL. A literature review of the MEDLINE database for articles in English concerning hairy cell leukemia, skin lesions, leukemia cutis, adverse events, infectious, cutaneous, drug reactions, neutrophilic dermatoses, secondary neoplasms, and vasculitis was conducted via PubMed. Publications from January 1980 to September 2020 were scrutinized. Additional relevant publications were obtained by reviewing the references from the chosen articles.

scholarly journals HYPERPIGMENTED AND HYPOPIGMENTED LESIONS – THROUGH THE EYES OF DERMOSCOPE.

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Nisha M Varma ◽  
S.N. Agrawal ◽  
G.R. Mundhada
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Seborrheic Keratosis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
Doctor's Office ◽  
Complementary Examination

Dermoscope is a very useful and non-invasive technique for diagnosis of pigmentary skin lesions. It helps in diagnosis of skin lesions like seborrheic keratosis , spitz nevus which may clinically simulate melanoma. It involves a complementary examination of pigmented lesions on the skin, increasing the chance of an accurate diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma. It is a relatively simple technique that can be carried out in a doctor's office, clinic, or hospital, with the use of a portable device (manual dermatoscope).In this article we are presenting the dermoscopic features of common hyper and hypopigmented skin lesions . The goal is to introduce this subject to those not yet familiar with it, in order to instigate and encourage the training and practice of this technique of growing importance for everyday usage.

scholarly journals CHRONIC LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA DIAGNOSED BY PRIMARY CUTANEOUS LESION

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
AMIN DANANDEH MEHR ◽  
YOUSEF ROOSTA ◽  
ZAHRA MASHHADI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cutaneous Lesion ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Leukemia Cutis

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a malignant, low-grade, monoclonal disorder characterized by the accumulation of lymphocytes with variable clinical features. Cutaneous manifestations or leukemia cutis are non-specific, uncommon presentations of CLL and can present in many different ways. In this case report, we discuss a 76-year-old male who presented with skin lesions of the lower limbs and severe itching. Due to the lack of response to the treatment with topical corticosteroids, initial tests were carried out. Complete blood count results indicated lymphocytosis. Eventually Ultimately, the skin lesions led to the diagnosis of CLL. The patient was treated with bendamustine-rituximab (BR). After receiving the treatment, all cutaneous manifestations and generalized itching disappeared. This case highlights the importance of comparing similar cases of CLL presented with dermatological conditions in order to to understand proper management and practice.

Differentiation of Skin Lesions in Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Myeloperoxidase Cytochemistry

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 344-345
Author(s):  
J. S. Hanker ◽  
W. W. Ambrose ◽  
J. O. Moore ◽  
B. L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Electron Beam Therapy ◽  
Leukemia Cutis ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Skin lesions are common in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and occasionally are the presenting symptom. Usually these lesions are nonspecific, i.e. due to hemorrhage, infection, anemia, drug sensitivity or to corticosteroid therapy. Specific leukemic lesions are due to infiltration of the skin by myeloblasts or immature neutrophil series cells and can be complicated by infection.Rapid identification of the type of lesion can be very important for if it is due to sepsis it may require immediate treatment by antibiotics or antiviral agents. If it is a specific lesion (leukemia cutis of AML) due to infiltration by myeloblasts, it may require a change in chemotherapy or adjunctive X-radiation or electron beam therapy.

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