scholarly journals Applications of Artificial Intelligence for the Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1575
Author(s):  
Silvia Pecere ◽  
Sebastian Manuel Milluzzo ◽  
Gianluca Esposito ◽  
Emanuele Dilaghi ◽  
Andrea Telese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Applications Of Ai

The development of convolutional neural networks has achieved impressive advances of machine learning in recent years, leading to an increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. AI networks have been trained to differentiate benign from malignant lesions, analyze endoscopic and radiological GI images, and assess histological diagnoses, obtaining excellent results and high overall diagnostic accuracy. Nevertheless, there data are lacking on side effects of AI in the gastroenterology field, and high-quality studies comparing the performance of AI networks to health care professionals are still limited. Thus, large, controlled trials in real-time clinical settings are warranted to assess the role of AI in daily clinical practice. This narrative review gives an overview of some of the most relevant potential applications of AI for gastrointestinal diseases, highlighting advantages and main limitations and providing considerations for future development.

A review on the role of artificial intelligence in stem cell therapy: An initiative for modern medicines

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravin Shende ◽  
Nikita P. Devlekar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Individual Cell ◽  
Home Automation ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Applications Of Ai

: Stem cells (SCs) show a wide range of applications in the treatment of numerous diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, etc. SC related research has gained popularity owing to the unique characteristics of self-renewal and differentiation. Artificial intelligence (AI), an emerging field of computer science and engineering has shown potential applications in different fields like robotics, agriculture, home automation, healthcare, banking, and transportation since its invention. This review aims to describe the various applications of AI in SC biology including understanding the behavior of SCs, recognizing individual cell type before undergoing differentiation, characterization of SCs using mathematical models and prediction of mortality risk associated with SC transplantation. This review emphasizes the role of neural networks in SC biology and further elucidates the concepts of machine learning and deep learning and their applications in SC research.

scholarly journals Radiology Community Attitude in Saudi Arabia about the Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Radiology

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
Magbool Alelyani ◽  
Sultan Alamri ◽  
Mohammed S. Alqahtani ◽  
Alamin Musa ◽  
Hajar Almater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
The Future ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Electronic Questionnaires ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Applications Of Ai

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a broad, umbrella term that encompasses the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence. The aim of this study is to assess the radiology community’s attitude in Saudi Arabia toward the applications of AI. Methods: Data for this study were collected using electronic questionnaires in 2019 and 2020. The study included a total of 714 participants. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics (version 25). Results: The majority of the participants (61.2%) had read or heard about the role of AI in radiology. We also found that radiologists had statistically different responses and tended to read more about AI compared to all other specialists. In addition, 82% of the participants thought that AI must be included in the curriculum of medical and allied health colleges, and 86% of the participants agreed that AI would be essential in the future. Even though human–machine interaction was considered to be one of the most important skills in the future, 89% of the participants thought that it would never replace radiologists. Conclusion: Because AI plays a vital role in radiology, it is important to ensure that radiologists and radiographers have at least a minimum understanding of the technology. Our finding shows an acceptable level of knowledge regarding AI technology and that AI applications should be included in the curriculum of the medical and health sciences colleges.

scholarly journals Modeling Gastrointestinal Diseases Using Organoids to Understand Healing and Regenerative Processes

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Alexane Ollivier ◽  
Maxime M. Mahe ◽  
Géraldine Guasch
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Regenerative Therapy ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Epithelial Wound Healing ◽  
Potential Applications

The gastrointestinal tract is a continuous series of organs from the mouth to the esophagus, stomach, intestine and anus that allows digestion to occur. These organs are frequently associated with chronic stress and injury during life, subjecting these tissues to frequent regeneration and to the risk of developing disease-associated cancers. The possibility of generating human 3D culture systems, named organoids, that resemble histologically and functionally specific organs, has opened up potential applications in the analysis of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in epithelial wound healing and regenerative therapy. Here, we review how during normal development homeostasis takes place, and the role of the microenvironmental niche cells in the intestinal stem cell crypt as an example. Then, we introduce the notion of a perturbed niche during disease conditions affecting the esophageal–stomach junction and the colon, and describe the potential applications of organoid models in the analysis of human gastrointestinal disease mechanisms. Finally, we highlight the perspectives of organoid-based regenerative therapy to improve the repair of the epithelial barrier.

Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Surgery: Introduction, General Principles, and Potential Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Mangano ◽  
Valentina Valle ◽  
Nicolas Dreifuss ◽  
Gabriela Aguiluz ◽  
Mario Masrur
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Surgical Setting

AI (Artificial intelligence) is an interdisciplinary field aimed at the development of algorithms to endow machines with the capability of executing cognitive tasks. The number of publications regarding AI and surgery has increased dramatically over the last two decades. This phenomenon can partly be explained by the exponential growth in computing power available to the largest AI training runs. AI can be classified into different sub-domains with extensive potential clinical applications in the surgical setting. AI will increasingly become a major component of clinical practice in surgery. The aim of the present Narrative Review is to give a general introduction and summarized overview of AI, as well as to present additional remarks on potential surgical applications and future perspectives in surgery.

Achieving shared understanding in chronic care interactions: the role of caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Bigi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Chronic Care ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Within the context of a research program on the most relevant discourse types in chronic care medical encounters, this contribution reports on a qualitative study on the role caregivers play within the process of shared understanding occurring between health-care professionals and elderly patients. The purpose of the paper is to highlight one dimension of such complexity, by bringing to light the challenges connected to the achievement of shared understanding between health-care professionals and elderly patients when caregivers are involved in the conversation. Design/methodology/approach The paper reports on a two-step analysis of a corpus of transcripts of interactions in diabetes and hypertension settings. In the first step, caregivers’ contributions to deliberative sequences have been analyzed. In the second step, the analysis was extended to caregivers’ contributions to the whole encounter. Findings The results show that professionals’ ability to engage caregivers in deliberations during the encounter and, more generally, to assign a role to caregivers as legitimate participants in the consultation may favor the smooth development of the interaction and an effective process of shared understanding among all participants. Originality/value The paper further develops original research about the functions of the argumentative component in dialogues occurring in clinical settings.

Applications of AI in Financial System

2017 ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Roopali Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Analysis ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
Applications Of Ai

Role of computers are widely accepted and well known in the domain of Finance. Artificial Intelligence(AI) methods are extensively used in field of computer science for providing solution of unpredictable event in a frequent changing environment with utilization of neural network. Professionals are using AI framework into every field for reducing human interference to get better result from few decades. The main objective of the chapter is to point out the techniques of AI utilized in field of finance in broader perspective. The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the background of AI in finance and its role in Finance Market mainly as investment decision analysis tool.

scholarly journals Role of artificial intelligence in multidisciplinary imaging diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 4395-4412
Author(s):  
M Alvaro Berbís ◽  
José Aneiros-Fernández ◽  
F Javier Mendoza Olivares ◽  
Enrique Nava ◽  
Antonio Luna
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis

scholarly journals Telepsychiatry and the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health in Post-COVID-19 India: A Scoping Review on Opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-434
Author(s):  
Thenral M ◽  
Arunkumar Annamalai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
The Status ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Potential Applications

Background: COVID-19 has a profound impact on people with existing mental disorders, augmenting the prevailing inequalities in mental health. Methods: In order to understand the status of telepsychiatry in India and the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in mental health and its potential applications, a scoping review was done between March 2020 and May 2020. The literature review revealed 253 papers, which were used to derive the primary framework for analysis. The information was then reviewed for ideas and concepts, which were integrated with evidence from gray literature and categorized under broader themes based on the insights derived. Finally, a thematic framework was developed for discussion to tailor scientific information for decision-makers’ needs. Results: Review findings are summarized under the following headings: changing patterns of health-seeking behavior, origin and evolution of telepsychiatry, possible applications of telepsychiatry and AI, technological features, and AI models in mental health. Conclusions: Though there are several potential opportunities, the time is not yet ripe for telepsychiatry and AI to be adopted fully in the field of mental health care. But it is time that we develop indigenous proprietary technology and test and validate it. With many solutions offered by telepsychiatry and AI, psychiatrists must choose an appropriate tool based on their requirements, availability of resources, and feasibility of deployment. Harmony between conventional care and technology-based care must be reached gradually.

scholarly journals Role of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Clinical Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1512-1518
Author(s):  
Jhumpa Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Process Automation ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Techniques ◽  
Fuzzy Expert Systems ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Time Required

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence is a branch of computer science that enables to analyse complex medical data. The proficiency of artificial intelligence techniques has been explored to a great extent in the field of medicine. Most of the medications go to the business sector after a long tedious process of drug development. It can take a period of 10-15 years or more to convey a medication from its introductory revelation to the hands of the patients. Artificial Intelligence can significantly reduce the time required and can also cut down the expenses by half. Among the methods, artificial neural network is the most widely used analytical tool while other techniques like fuzzy expert systems, natural language processing, robotic process automation and evolutionary computation have been used in different clinical settings. The aim of this paper is to discuss the different artificial intelligence techniques and provide a perspective on the benefits, future opportunities and risks of established artificial intelligence applications in clinical practice on medical education, physicians, healthcare institutions and bioethics. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, clinical trials, medical technologies, artificial neural networks, diagnosis.

scholarly journals Role of Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Software Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2913-2921
Author(s):  
Nilofar Mulla, Dr. Naveenkumar Jayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Software Testing ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Growth Machine ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Test Suites ◽  
Applications Of Ai

This study provides information about the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques in the field of software testing. The use of AI in software testing is still in its initial stages. Also the automation level is lesser compared to more evolved areas of work.AI and ML can be used to help reduce tediousness and automate tasks in software testing. Testing can be made more efficient and smarter with the help of AI. Researchers recognize potential of AI to bridge the gap between human and machine driven testing capabilities. There are still number of challenges to fully utilize AI and ML techniques in testing but it will definitely enhance the entire testing process and skills of testers and will contribute in business growth. Machine learning research is a subset of overall AI research. The life-cycle of software is increasingly shortening and becoming more complicated. There is a struggle in software development between the competing pressures of developing software and meeting deadlines. AI-powered automated testing makes conducting full test suites in a timely manner on every change. In this article a detailed overview about the various applications of AI in software testing have been demonstrated. Also the implementation of machine learning in software testing has been discussed in detail and use of different machine learning techniques has been explained as well.

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