scholarly journals Effectiveness of an Assistive Instrument for Physical Therapists with Visual Impairment to Conduct the Muscle Tightness Test

Disabilities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-480
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Tamai ◽  
Shusei Kuroda ◽  
Takayuki Yabe ◽  
Tsunehiko Wada
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Measurement Time ◽  
Medical Assessment ◽  
Disability Sports ◽  
Muscle Tightness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inclusive Society

Disability sports have been globally promoted to achieve an inclusive society. However, the current opportunities for people with disabilities are few in terms of participating in supporting positions, such as athletic trainers. In Japan, many people with visual impairment (VI) work as physical therapists; thus, they can become active as medical staff in the sports field. An example of a medical assessment is the muscle tightness test (MTT); however, conducting it is expected to be difficult for people with VI. To improve this difficulty, the current study developed an assistive instrument (AsI) and examined its effectiveness. We recruited 22 physical therapists with VI. The measurement for MTT targeted the hamstrings, iliopsoas, gastrocnemius, and quadriceps. The participants performed the MTT using a universal goniometer (UG) and the AsI and filled up a questionnaire. AsI was compared against UG based on three aspects, namely, ease, accuracy, and measurement time. In terms of ease, significant differences were observed in 9 out of 12 questionnaire items. The mean (SD) score for “Comprehensive ease of the MTT” improved from 2.8 (1.0) to 3.9 (0.8). For accuracy, the AsI yielded a decrease in the total error of the measurement. Lastly, the measurement time for AsI was longer than that for the UG. Therefore, the AsI was effective in terms of ease and accuracy, whereas measurement time remained as an issue.

scholarly journals Evidence-based practice questionnaire for physical therapists: Portuguese translation, adaptation, validity, and reliability

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ricardo Maia Ferreira ◽  
Pedro Lopes Ferreira ◽  
Luis Cavalheiro ◽  
José Alberto Duarte ◽  
Rui Soles Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
European Portuguese ◽  
Draft Version ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

BACKGROUND: Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is becoming increasingly important in Physical Therapy (PT). For proper designing, implementing, disseminating and evaluating EBP in PT, a valid and reliable questionnaire measuring attitudes, knowledge, behavior, prerequisites, and barriers related to EBP and guidelines is needed. One questionnaire that could be used to collect this information is the “EBP Questionnaire”, developed by Jette et al. 2003. However, to our knowledge, no Portuguese version or published study with the Portuguese PT population was performed using this questionnaire. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the “EBP Questionnaire” to European Portuguese and for the PT population. Material and Methods: A draft version was pilot tested for content validity (n=17), and a revised version was tested for test-retest reliability (n=72). The percentage of agreement and the Kappa coefficients between the 2 tests were analyzed. Additionally, the internal consistency was calculated. RESULTS: The preliminary final version of the European Portuguese EBP questionnaire was well accepted (only the items 22, 23, 45-51 needed to be reviewed). The mean average percentage of agreement was 82% (ranged 58–97%), and the Kappa coefficients were 0.658 (ranged 0.336–0.844). In the internal consistency, the mean average Cronbach’s α coefficients were 0.665 (ranged 0.365–0.879). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that this questionnaire can be a useful instrument for measuring self-reported beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors related to EBP in the Portuguese PTs context.

scholarly journals WORK ABILITY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING IN HOSPITAL STAFF

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 750-755
Author(s):  
Gergana Sandeva ◽  
Kasimira Koleva
Keyword(s):  
Work Ability ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Work Ability Index ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Ability Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Implementing Strategies

Healthcare is an economic sector characterized by unfavorable working conditions, such as psychosocial stress, shift work, and manual handling of loads. It is important to opportunely assess the work ability and psychological well-being of hospital staff to evaluate workers’ functional capacity and plan appropriate preventive measures.Objectives: To assess the work ability and psychological well-being in hospital staff and to determine factors that might influence them.Methods: Work Ability Index Questionnaire, Psychological Well-being Questionnaire, and statistical analyses.Results: The mean Work Ability Index (WAI) score was 40.8 ±4.8, which corresponded to suitable work ability. The lowest mean WAI score was registered for the physical therapists (38 ±3.8), and was significantly lower than the WAI score for nurses (41.6 ±4.8). The mean Psychological Well-being score for all subjects was 187.6 ±18.4. The youngest workers (200.8 ±14.7), and those with shortest length of service (196.7 ±18.4) had significantly higher mean Psychological Well-being scores than older (180.8 ±19.9) and more experienced workers (180.3 ±18.3). A positive correlation was found between WAI and Psychological Well-being scores (r = 0.37, p = 0.003).Conclusion: Hospital managers should consider implementing strategies focused on the work ability of hospital staff, as well as on their psychological well-being, to keep workers fit and healthy for longer.

Eight compact analysis systems evaluated for measuring total cholesterol

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
L C Gregory ◽  
S H Duh ◽  
R H Christenson
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Average Bias ◽  
Error Limit ◽  
Absolute Bias ◽  
Allowable Error ◽  
The Mean

Abstract We examined the analytical performance of eight compact systems for measuring total cholesterol: AccuMeter, Cobas Ready, Discovery f2, DT60, L-D-X, Reflotron, QCA, and Vision. We determined average bias at two decision levels, the mean absolute bias, and the percentage of results differing from the comparison method results by > 8.9% allowable total error limit for multiple reagent lots. Average bias was < 3% for all lots tested for AccuMeter, Discovery f2, and DT60, but > 3% for one or more lots or sample types tested with the other systems. Of results from each reagent lot, > 95% were within the 8.9% total error specifications with Discovery f2, DT60, and QCA, whereas the performance of L-D-X, Vision, and Reflotron depended on reagent lot and (or) sample type. Of all results from each lot tested with AccuMeter and Cobas Ready, > 5% exceeded the total allowable error limit. We determined imprecision for five systems: Cobas Ready, Discovery f2, and QCA had CVs < 3%, whereas CVs for AccuMeter and L-D-X were > 3% but < 5%.

scholarly journals Oculo-Visual Findings among Industrial Mine Workers at Goldfields Ghana Limited, Tarkwa

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. OED.S9204 ◽  
Author(s):  
GO Ovenseri-Ogbomo ◽  
S Ocansey ◽  
EK Abu ◽  
S Kyei ◽  
SB Boadi-Kusi
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Status ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mine Workers

Objective The focus of this study was to evaluate the visual status of mine workers who were directly involved in mining and/or are exposed to the mining environment. Methods A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted. Four hundred and six (406) workers were conveniently sampled for the study. Information on their socio-demographic data was also collected. In addition, all participants underwent ophthalmic examination. Results The mean age of the workers was 41.1 years. Visual impairment was found in 114 (28.1%) of the study population of which refractive error (56.8%) was the major cause. Presbyopia was also observed in 45.5% of the workers with only 30.3% of them wearing near correction. The prevalence of eye diseases were pterygium/pingueculae (25.8%), conjunctivitis (26.8%), suspected glaucoma (15.3%), and cataract (7.4%). Conclusions Visual impairment and eye diseases were found among the miners.

scholarly journals Establishing User Error on the Patient-Reported Component of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Score

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 232596712091009
Author(s):  
Jonathan Bourget-Murray ◽  
Ariana Frederick ◽  
Lisa Murphy ◽  
Jacqui French ◽  
Shane Barwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Error ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Error Rate ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Mean

Background: The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) questionnaire developed to facilitate communication among international investigators and to allow comparison of outcomes for patients with shoulder disabilities. Although this PRO measure has been deemed easy to read and understand, patients may make mistakes when completing the questionnaire. Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of potential mistakes made by patients completing the ASES score. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed for 600 ASES questionnaires completed by patients upon their first visit to 1 of 2 clinic locations (Australian vs Canadian site). Two categories of potential errors were predefined, and then differences in error rates were compared based on demographics (age, sex, and location). To determine whether these methods were reliable, an independent, third reviewer evaluated a subset of questionnaires separately. The interrater reliability was evaluated through use of the Cohen kappa. Results: The mean patient age was 49.9 years, and 63% of patients were male. The Cohen kappa was high for both evaluation methods used, at 0.831 and 0.918. On average, 17.9% of patients made at least 1 potential mistake, while an additional 10.4% of patients corrected their own mistakes. No differences in total error rate were found based on baseline demographics. Canadians and Australians had similar rates of error. Conclusion: To ensure the accuracy of the ASES score, this questionnaire should be double checked, as potential mistakes are too frequently made. This attentiveness will ensure that the ASES score remains a valid, reliable, and responsive tool to be used for further shoulder research.

Assault and Injury in Clinical Forensic Medical Practice

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Jason Payne-James ◽  
Peter J Dean
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Medical Examiner ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Medical Assessment ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alternative Settings ◽  
A Prospective Study

A prospective study was undertaken of 150 individuals in police custody, seen by a Forensic Medical Examiner (FME) for documentation of alleged assault and associated injuries. Ninety-six per cent consented to participate in the study of whom 86% were male. The mean age was 29.8 years. Most assaults (35%) were said to be unprovoked, 26% of injuries were alleged to have occurred at the time of arrest, 17% as a result of domestic incidents and 8% due to driving incidents. Twenty-nine per cent of examinees were victims of assault, 21% complained of alleged police assault and 20% were police officers injured during arrests. There was no significant difference between the mean ages of victims and assailants, and no significant difference in the proportions of each group under the influence of alcohol. Those individuals alleging police assault were all male, and significantly more likely to be unemployed and single. Victims of assault were significantly more likely to be female. Weapons were used in only 15% of cases. The head was the most common site of injury. Twenty-three per cent of the study population required hospital assessment. The study has characterized the different groups of individuals requiring medical assessment for assault and injury in police custody. The findings in this study population differ from similar studies undertaken in alternative settings.

scholarly journals A comparative study of tapentadol versus tramadol in the treatment of low back pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1064
Author(s):  
Laxman Verma ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Chandresh Gupta ◽  
Umesh Saroj
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical Assessment ◽  
Group I ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

Background: Nontraumatic musculoskeletal disorders are the main reason for presentation to the emergency department with Rachialgia being the most common reason to request medical assessment among them. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, parallel group open labelled study conducted in a district level tertiary care hospital attached to a medical teaching institute. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group I (63 patients) received tablet tramadol 50 mg twice daily orally and group II (63 patients) received tablet tapentadol 50 mg twice daily orally.Results: The mean age of the patients of group I was 40.6±9.6 years and in the group II was 42.7±10.6 years. A total of 61 males participated in the study of which 31 males were enrolled in group I and 30 in group II while 65 females participated in the study of which 32 females were enrolled in group I and 33 in group II. The mean reduction of pain intensity VAS score at the end of 4 weeks from baseline in group I and group II were 34.57 and 37.55 respectively. The difference in the mean reduction of pain intensity VAS between the two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusions: We conclude that both the drugs show significant reduction in the pain intensity in moderate to severe CLBP patients. Tapentadol is as efficacious as tramadol in moderate to severe CLBP. However, tapentadol is better tolerated than tramadol.

scholarly journals The Direct Subjective Refraction: Unsupervised measurements of the subjective refraction using defocus waves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Rodriguez -Lopez ◽  
Alfonso Hernandez-Poyatos ◽  
Carlos Dorronsoro
Keyword(s):  
Optical Power ◽  
New Method ◽  
Measurement Time ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Refraction Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Standard Deviations

AbstractWe present the Direct Subjective Refraction (DSR), a new subjective refraction method, and validate it vs the Traditional Subjective Refraction (TSR) and an unsupervised version of it (UTSR). We project an optotunable lens onto the eye to create Temporal Defocus Waves produces flicker and chromatic distortions, minimum when the mean optical power of the wave matches the spherical equivalent of the eye. 25 subjects performed the DSR visual and UTSR tasks without supervision. DSR is more repeatable than TSR and UTSR (standard deviations ±0.17D, ±0.28, and ±0.47D). The time per repetition of DSR is only 39s (almost 6 min for TSR). Cyclopegia severely affects UTSR, but not DSR, confirming that the DSR task de-activates the accommodative system. DSR is a new method to obtain the spherical equivalent that does not requires supervision and overpasses existing subjective methods in terms of accuracy, precision, and measurement time.

Studies on Sterility and Prenatal Mortality in Wild Rabbits

1947 ◽  
Vol 23 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 312-331
Author(s):  
PATRICIA ALLEN ◽  
F. W. ROGERS BRAMBELL ◽  
IVOR H. MILLS
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Error ◽  
Total Error ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

1. The technical problems underlying the estimation and analysis of the total prenatal mortality in a mammal are reviewed, with particular reference to the rabbit. 2. The material consisted of 7137 wild rabbits, of which 5089 were females. These comprise eleven series, according to the year, locality and treatment, particulars of which are given. 3. The experimental error in counts of corpora lutea was investigated and the technique critically examined. The changes in size of the corpus luteum during pregnancy were measured and a growth curve constructed. The mean number of corpora lutea in a litter, as determined from macroscopic counts, was found to be significantly lower at the beginning and end of pregnancy than in the middle. If this is due to omissions in the counts it represents a maximum error of 6.8% of corpora lutea. Microscopic counts of the corpora lutea in freehand sections of 180 pairs of ovaries of pregnant animals were made as a control. These revealed a total error in the original counts of 6.4% of the corpora lutea, affecting 25.6% of the litters, but this was distributed evenly throughout gestation. 4. Corpora lutea atretica formed from unruptured follicles are present in 16% of the pairs of ovaries, and comprise less than 2% of all corpora lutea. They are formed at the same time as the normal corpora lutea, and there is no evidence that any are formed subsequently during pregnancy in the rabbit. 5. It is estimated that 0.23% of the follicles which ovulate produce two embryos through the liberation of two ova. 6. Transperitoneal migration of 0.37% of ova, affecting 2% of the litters, was found to occur. The probability of migration either from left to right or from right to left appeared to be equal. 7. Significant changes in the mean number of implantation sites in the uteri counted at successive stages of pregnancy were observed, and particularly a decline at the end of gestation. They are of the same order as those in the mean number of corpora lutea, which they will tend to compensate so far as estimates of loss of ova before implantation are concerned. It is by no means clear that these are due to experimental error in the counts. 8. Estimates of the loss of embryos before implantation are based on the difference between the number of corpora lutea in the ovaries and of implantation sites in the uteri, and estimates of the loss after implantation on the difference between the number of implantation sites and of developing embryos. No significant relation has been found between the loss before and after implantation respectively, and it is concluded that the loss suffered after implantation is distributed independently of that which occurs before implantation.

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