The Bayesian Inference of Pareto Models Based on Information Geometry

Bayesian methods have been rapidly developed due to the important role of explicable causality in practical problems. We develope geometric approaches to Bayesian inference of Pareto models, and give an application to the analysis of sea clutter. For Pareto two-parameter model, we show the non-existence of α-parallel prior in general, hence we adopt Jeffreys prior to deal with the Bayesian inference. Considering geodesic distance as the loss function, an estimation in the sense of minimal mean geodesic distance is obtained. Meanwhile, by involving Al-Bayyati’s loss function we gain a new class of Bayesian estimations. In the simulation, for sea clutter, we adopt Pareto model to acquire various types of parameter estimations and the posterior prediction results. Simulation results show the advantages of the Bayesian estimations proposed and the posterior prediction.

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Practical consensus recommendations - Current role of immune response evaluation criteria in solid tumors criteria in the management of cancer patients receiving immunotherapy

International Journal of Molecular and Immuno Oncology ◽

10.25259/ijmio-6-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 21-23

Author(s):

Purvish M. Parikh ◽

T. P. Sahoo ◽

Randeep Singh ◽

Bahl Ankur ◽

Talvar Vineet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Solid Tumors ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Supporting Evidence ◽

Response Evaluation ◽

Consensus Recommendation ◽

Current Role ◽

New Class ◽

Response Evaluation Criteria

Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) are a method used to evaluate and document the response to cancer treatment in solid tumors. The availability of a new class of immuneoncology drugs has resulted in the need to modify RECIST criteria methodology. The first leadership immuno-oncology network (LION) master course brought together experts in oncology and immuno-oncology. Six questions were put to the experts and their opinion, supporting evidence, and experience were discussed to arrive at a practical consensus recommendation. n this nascent field, the availability of a practical consensus recommendation developed by experts in the field is of immense value to the community oncologist and other health-care consultants.

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New Class of Holographic Materials Based on CdF[sub 2] Semiconductor Crystals with Bistable Centers. I. Role of Covalence in the Formation of Bistable Centers

Optics and Spectroscopy ◽

10.1134/1.1319911 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 519 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. E. Onopko

Keyword(s):

New Class ◽

Semiconductor Crystals

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A New Class of Estimators Based on a General Relative Loss Function

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math9101138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1138

Author(s):

Tao Hu ◽

Baosheng Liang

Keyword(s):

Loss Function ◽

Asymptotically Normal ◽

New Class ◽

Statistical Inferences ◽

Relative Loss ◽

Special Cases ◽

Class Of Estimators ◽

Box Cox Transformation ◽

Loss Estimator ◽

Prostate Cancer Study

Motivated by the relative loss estimator of the median, we propose a new class of estimators for linear quantile models using a general relative loss function defined by the Box–Cox transformation function. The proposed method is very flexible. It includes a traditional quantile regression and median regression under the relative loss as special cases. Compared to the traditional linear quantile estimator, the proposed estimator has smaller variance and hence is more efficient in making statistical inferences. We show that, in theory, the proposed estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal under appropriate conditions. Extensive simulation studies were conducted, demonstrating good performance of the proposed method. An application of the proposed method in a prostate cancer study is provided.

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Recent Advances in Fabrication of Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane-Based Composite Materials

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14133497 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (13) ◽

pp. 3497

Author(s):

Piotr Stachak ◽

Izabela Łukaszewska ◽

Edyta Hebda ◽

Krzysztof Pielichowski

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Original Research ◽

Significant Group ◽

Oh Groups ◽

New Class ◽

Hazardous Chemical ◽

Wide Range

Polyurethanes (PUs) are a significant group of polymeric materials that, due to their outstanding mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, are used in a wide range of applications. Conventionally, PUs are obtained in polyaddition reactions between diisocyanates and polyols. Due to the toxicity of isocyanate raw materials and their synthesis method utilizing phosgene, new cleaner synthetic routes for polyurethanes without using isocyanates have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Among different attempts to replace the conventional process, polyaddition of cyclic carbonates (CCs) and polyfunctional amines seems to be the most promising way to obtain non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) or, more precisely, polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs), while primary and secondary –OH groups are being formed alongside urethane linkages. Such an approach eliminates hazardous chemical compounds from the synthesis and leads to the fabrication of polymeric materials with unique and tunable properties. The main advantages include better chemical, mechanical, and thermal resistance, and the process itself is invulnerable to moisture, which is an essential technological feature. NIPUs can be modified via copolymerization or used as matrices to fabricate polymer composites with different additives, similar to their conventional counterparts. Hence, non-isocyanate polyurethanes are a new class of environmentally friendly polymeric materials. Many papers on the matter above have been published, including both original research and extensive reviews. However, they do not provide collected information on NIPU composites fabrication and processing. Hence, this review describes the latest progress in non-isocyanate polyurethane synthesis, modification, and finally processing. While focusing primarily on the carbonate/amine route, methods of obtaining NIPU are described, and their properties are presented. Ways of incorporating various compounds into NIPU matrices are characterized by the role of PHU materials in copolymeric materials or as an additive. Finally, diverse processing methods of non-isocyanate polyurethanes are presented, including electrospinning or 3D printing.

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Agronomic, breeding, and biotechnological approaches to parasitic plant management through manipulation of germination stimulant levels in agricultural soils

Botany ◽

10.1139/b11-075 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 89 (12) ◽

pp. 813-826 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

M. Fernández-Aparicio ◽

J.H. Westwood ◽

D. Rubiales

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Host Recognition ◽

Plant Management ◽

Parasitic Weed ◽

Germination Stimulant ◽

New Class ◽

Agronomic Practices ◽

Number Of Plant Species

A number of plant species have adapted to parasitize other plants, and some parasitic species pose severe constraints to major crops. The role of strigolactones and other metabolites present in host root exudates as germination stimulants for weedy root parasitic weed seeds has been known for the last 40 years. Recently, the ecological and developmental roles of strigolactones have been clarified by the discovery that they are a new class of plant hormone that controls shoot branching and serve as host recognition signals for mycorrhizal fungi. Parasitic plants also recognize these chemicals and use them to coordinate their life cycle with that of their host. Here we review agronomic practices that use parasitic germination stimulant production as a target for manipulation to control parasitic weeds.

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Genetic and Phenotypic Analyses of therdx Locus of Rhodobacter sphaeroides2.4.1

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.182.12.3475-3481.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 182 (12) ◽

pp. 3475-3481 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jung Hyeob Roh ◽

Samuel Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Rhodobacter Sphaeroides ◽

Redox Protein ◽

Deletion Mutations ◽

Metal Transporter ◽

New Class ◽

Mutant Strains ◽

Membrane Bound ◽

Photosynthesis Gene

ABSTRACT Previously, we reported that rdxB, encoding a likely membrane-bound two [4Fe-4S]-containing center, is involved in the aerobic regulation of photosystem gene expression in Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1. To further investigate the role ofrdxB as well as other genes of the rdxBHISoperon on photosystem gene expression, we constructed a series of nonpolar, in-frame deletion mutations in each of the rdxgenes. Using both puc and puf operonlacZ fusions to monitor photosystem gene expression, under aerobic conditions, in each of the mutant strains revealed significant increased photosynthesis gene expression. In the case of mutations in either rdxH, rdxI, or rdxS, the aerobic induction of photosystem gene expression is believed to be indirect by virtue of a posttranscriptional effect oncbb 3 cytochrome oxidase structure and integrity. For RdxB, we suggest that this redox protein has a more direct effect on photosystem gene expression by virtue of its interaction with the cbb 3 oxidase. An associated phenotype, involving the enhanced conversion of the carotenoid spheroidene to spheroidenone, is also observed in the RdxB, -H, -I, and -S mutant strains. This phenotype is also suggested to be the result of the role of the rdxBHIS locus incbb 3 oxidase activity and/or structure. RdxI is suggested to be a new class of metal transporter of the CPx-type ATPases.

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Phenotypic Susceptibility to Bevirimat in Isolates from HIV-1-Infected Patients without Prior Exposure to Bevirimat

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01784-09 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 2345-2353 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Nicolas A. Margot ◽

Craig S. Gibbs ◽

Michael D. Miller

Keyword(s):

Recombinant Viruses ◽

Gag Polyprotein ◽

New Class ◽

Major Mutation ◽

Hiv Drugs ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time ◽

Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Bevirimat (BVM) is the first of a new class of anti-HIV drugs with a novel mode of action known as maturation inhibitors. BVM inhibits the last cleavage of the Gag polyprotein by HIV-1 protease, leading to the accumulation of the p25 capsid-small peptide 1 (SP1) intermediate and resulting in noninfectious HIV-1 virions. Early clinical studies of BVM showed that over 50% of the patients treated with BVM did not respond to treatment. We investigated the impact of prior antiretroviral (ARV) treatment and/or natural genetic diversity on BVM susceptibility by conducting in vitro phenotypic analyses of viruses made from patient samples. We generated 31 recombinant viruses containing the entire gag and protease genes from 31 plasma samples from HIV-1-infected patients with (n = 21) or without (n = 10) prior ARV experience. We found that 58% of the patient isolates tested had a >10-fold reduced susceptibility to BVM, regardless of the patient's ARV experience or the level of isolate resistance to protease inhibitors. Analysis of mutants with site-directed mutations confirmed the role of the V370A SP1 polymorphism (SP1-V7A) in resistance to BVM. Furthermore, we demonstrated for the first time that a capsid polymorphism, V362I (CA protein-V230I), is also a major mutation conferring resistance to BVM. In contrast, none of the previously defined resistance-conferring mutations in Gag selected in vitro (H358Y, L363M, L363F, A364V, A366V, or A366T) were found to occur among the viruses that we analyzed. Our results should be helpful in the design of diagnostics for prediction of the potential benefit of BVM treatment in HIV-1-infected patients.

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Exploring Structural Dynamics and Optical Properties of UnaG Fluorescent Protein upon N57 Mutations

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/d1cp04681k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Asad ◽

Adèle D Laurent

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Structural Dynamics ◽

Fluorescent Protein ◽

Green Light ◽

Endogenous Ligand ◽

New Class ◽

Fluorescence Protein

UnaG is a new class of fluorescence protein for which an endogenous ligand namely bilirubin (BLR) is playing the role of the chromophore. Upon photoexcitation, holoUnaG emits the green light....

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