scholarly journals Effect of Economic Integration on Agricultural Export Performance in Selected West African Countries

Economies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Olatunji Abdul Shobande
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
West African ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Agricultural Export

The paper investigates the effect of economic integration on agricultural export performance in West African economies using the gravity model of bilateral trade on the annual time series data straddling the period 1970 to 2016. The empirical evidence is based on the pooled OLS and fixed effects estimator. We find that economic integration, as measured by trade openness, is a remarkably strong predictor of export performance in the region. We also examine the effect of geographical distance measured by effective nominal exchange rates and we find it has a negative effect on agricultural export performance. The paper recommends the adoption of a common currency to help mitigate exchange rate negativity that serves as resistance to trade in the region. Likewise, proactive agricultural research, extension and market driven strategies are strongly advocated for driven competition and economic efficiency within the regional agricultural sector.

scholarly journals Deteminant factors to improve Indonesian cocoa performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012073
Author(s):  
A Prasetyo ◽  
Suswadi ◽  
A F Aziez
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Cocoa Production

Abstract Encouraging the growth of Indonesia’s agricultural sector is important for improving the export performance of Indonesia’s leading commodities. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the IDR exchange rate and the shock of the determinants of cocoa exports on the growth of Indonesian cocoa exports. The research was conducted using time series data from 1969-2017. This study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The analysis showed that the data is stationary at the first difference. The causality test shows that cocoa production, IDR exchange rate, GDP affect the growth of Indonesian cocoa exports, but world cocoa prices have no effect on cocoa exports. The results of the impulse response factor (IRF) analysis show that the response of cocoa exports to changes in the exchange rate is more volatile when compared to the response of production, GDP, and world cocoa prices to Indonesian cocoa exports. Analysis of variance decomposition shows that the contribution of the IDR exchange rate to export growth is greater than the contribution of world cocoa prices, GDP, and production at the beginning of exports, however over time the influence of the IDR exchange rate will decrease and it is the number of production factors that will affect Indonesia’s cocoa exports. Indonesia needs to increase production by maintaining the quality of cocoa according to export needs considering the demand for cocoa that will continue to increase. Bilateral or multilateral cooperation is needed to strengthen cocoa export cooperation with major importing.

THE INDONESIAN AGRICULTURAL PERFORMANCES UNDER CHINA-ASEAN FREE TRADE AREA: GO UP OR GO DOWN? Case of Agriculture Raw Material and Food Product

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrudin Nasrudin ◽  
Budiyanto Budiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Series Data ◽  
The Impact

As an agricultural country, the Indonesian agricultural sector should obtain a positive impact of the regional economic integration. Since in 2004 by the Early Harvest Program (EHP) of China-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), most agricultural commodities have lowered tariff, indeed some have been zero percent.Unfortunately, the performance of the agricultural sector has not shown tangible improvement. Then beforethe rates was released for all commodities, should be evaluated and re-defined policies that should be taken. This paper purposesto examine the impact of the implementation of CAFTA on the Indonesian agricultural performances. The objectives will be achieved by compare the performance preand post-CAFTA; predict the performance if CAFTA is fully implemented, by performing simulations and econometric models. By using time series data 1990-2011, agriculture can be divided into two categories; agricultural raw materials and food products. The estimation result of econometric modeling by simultaneous equations, the Indonesian agricultural sector performance after CAFTA is not better than before implementation. Predicted will decrease when the entire rates later free. Keywords: agriculture raw material; foods product; agriculture performance; economic integration

scholarly journals Understanding Agricultural Productivity Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Analysis of the Nigerian Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Miftahu Idris
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
The Impact

In recent times, agricultural sector has returned to the forefront of development issues in Nigeria given its contribution to employment creation, sustainable food supply and provision of raw materials to other sectors of the economy. In lieu of that, this study examines the impact of agriculture on the economic growth in Nigeria using annual time series data covering the sample period of 1981 to 2018. To analyse the data collected, Autoregression Distributed Lag (ARDL) model through the bounds testing framework is employed to measure the presence of cointegrating relations between real GDP, agricultural productivity, labour force, and agricultural export. Results show the presence of both short-run and long-run relationship among the variables, and that agriculture has a positive and significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. These findings inform the Nigerian government on the need to expedite labour force (human capital) and agricultural export (non-oil) development with the view to achieving sustainable growth and development. In addition, developing skills and competencies of labour force through capacity building in the agricultural sector will encourage research and development thereby increase the export size, hence essential for long-term growth.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANGMEMPENGARUID PERMINTAAN KREDIT SEKTOR PERTANIAN DAN KONTRIBUSI SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN NASIONAL

Agro Ekonomi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Triandy Meinardi ◽  
Slamet Hartono
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Know How ◽  
Table Analysis

This research aims to knowfactors influencing demand of agricultural credit and to know how much agricultural sector contribution to growth of national economics. This research use a time series data of 1980 -2006 obtained from various sources like Badan Pusat Statistik, Bank Indonesia and other related institution and also some related website. Analytical method use table analysis to know the contribution of agricultural sector to growth national economics and linear regression analysis to know thefactors influencing demand of agricultural credit. The result of this research indicates that agricultural sector formerly the biggest contributor of Indonesian economics in 1980-1991, but to lack the second after processing industry in 1991-2001 and become the third biggest after processing industry and trading, restaurant and hotel in 2001-2006. The factors influencing demand of agricultural credit are inflation rate, the rate of interest, economies growth, agricultural labour, agricultural export, import and gold price.

A Macroeconomic Analysis of Agricultural Sector in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Isah Funtua Abubakar ◽  
Umar Bambale Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
The Impact

This paper attempts to study the Nigerian agriculture industry as a panacea to growth as well as an anchor to the diversification agenda of the present government. To do this, the time series data of the four agriculture subsectors of crop production, livestock, forestry and fishery were analysed as stimulus to the Real GDP from 1981-2016 in order to explicate the individual contributions of the subsectors to the RGDP in order to guide the policy thrust on diversification. Using the Johansen approach to cointegration, all the variables were found to be cointegrated. With the exception of the forestry subsector, all the three subsectors were seen to have impacted on the real GDP at varying degrees during the time under review. The crop production subsector has the highest impact, however, taking size-by-size analysis, the livestock subsector could be of much importance due to its ability to retain its value chain and high investment returns particularly in poultry. Therefore, it is recommended that, the government should intensify efforts to retain the value chain in the crop production subsector, in order to harness its potentials optimally through the encouragement of the establishment of agriculture cottage industries. Secondly, the livestock subsector is found to be the most rapidly growing and commercialized subsector. Therefore, it should be the prime subsector to hinge the diversification agenda naturally. Lastly, the tourism industry which is a source through which the impact of the subsector is channeled to the GDP should be developed, in order to improve the impact of such channel to GDP with the sole objective to resuscitate the forestry subsector.

ANALISIS PERMINTAAN BERAS DI SUMATERA UTARA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasyrul Aziz Harahap
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Cross Point ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Corn Prices ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Global Food

Indonesia is often categorized as low food resilient nation, in the sense vulnerable to social unrest and rising global food prices. Where every year the number of requests or local domestic rice continue to increase along with the increasing number of people. This study aims to look at and determine how much influence the price of rice, corn prices and the number of population and GDP of the demand for rice in North Sumatra. Used in measuring and analyzing time series data (time series) and the cross-point (cross section) of the 25 districts / municipalities in the period from 2005 to 2010. Data analysis using fixed effects (fixed effect). The results showed a significant effect between the price of rice, the population and GDP of the demand for rice in North Sumatra. While corn prices do not influence of the demand for rice in North Sumatra. The magnitude of the effect is shown by the coefficient of independent variables, namely: -5.215489 for the variable price of rice, 13.08473 for the population, 4.736669 for the variable GDP.

Impact of Health and Agriculture Financing on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 37-58
Author(s):  
Rasaki Olufemi KAREEM ◽  
◽  
Olawale LATEEF ◽  
Muideen Adejare ISIAKA ◽  
Kamilu RAHEEM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Series Data ◽  
The Impact

The study focused on the impact of health and agriculture financing on economic growth in Nigeria from 1981 to 2019. The study utilized the time series data which was extracted from Central Bank of Nigeria annual statistical bulletin. Unit Root test was performed with the use of Augmented Dickey-Fuller test in order to ascertain the stationarity of all the variables and they were all found to be stationary at order 1 in the two specified models (composite and disaggregated). Error Correction Model (ECM) was used to analyze the data in order to determine the speed of adjustment from the short run to the long run equilibrium state. Casualty test was used to confirm causal relationship among the variables of interests. The study revealed that Federal Government expenditure in Health sector has a significant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. Federal Government expenditure in Agricultural sector equally had a positive effect on economic growth but surprisingly not significant. Considering the disaggregated form, Federal Government capital expenditure in both Health and Agricultural sectors have positive and statistically significant effect on economic growth while Federal Government recurrent expenditure on health has a positive and statistically insignificant effect in economic. It was also revealed that there is causal relationship among the variables. Based on the findings, the study concluded that Federal Government Expenditure in Health Sectors and Agriculture Sectors have effect on economic growth in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Determinants of Exports of Pakistan: A Country-wise Disaggregated Analysis.

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4II) ◽  
pp. 715-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseeb Zada ◽  
Malik Muhammad ◽  
Khan Bahadar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
Trade Partners

Given the importance of international trade and export performance in economic growth, this study attempts to examine the determinants of exports of Pakistan, using a time series data over the period 1975-2008. A simultaneous equation approach is followed and the demand and supply side equations are specified with appropriate variables. This is a country-wise disaggregated analysis of Pakistan versus its trade partners and the estimation strategy is based on two approaches. First we employ the Generalised Methods of Moments (GMM), which is followed by the Empirical Bayesian technique to get consistent estimates. The GMM technique is believed to be efficient for time series data provided the sample size is sufficiently large. In case of small samples, the estimates might not be precise and might appear with unbelievable sign and insignificant magnitudes. To avoid the sample bias and other problems, we employ the Empirical Bayesian technique which provides much precise estimates. The factual results obtained via the GMM technique are a little bit mixed, although most of the coefficients are found to be statistically significant and carry their expected signs. In order to compare and validate these results, the Empirical Bayesian technique is employed. This offers considerable improvement over the previous results and all the variables are found to be highly significant with correct sign across the countries concerned with the exception of a few cases. The price and income elasticities in both the demand and supply side equations carry their expected signs and significant magnitudes for the trading partners. The findings suggest that exports of Pakistan are much sensitive to changes in the world demand and world prices. This establishes the importance of demand side factors like world GDP, Real exchange rate, and world prices to determine the exports of Pakistan. On the supply side, we find relatively small price and income elasiticities. The results reveal that demand for exports is relatively higher for countries in NAFTA, European Union and Middle East regions. The study recommends particular concentration on the trade partners in these regions to improve the export performance of Pakistan. Keywords: Exports, GMM, Empirical Bayesian Method, Pakistan

A Study on the performance of Agricultural Sector in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laishram Priscilla ◽  
Arsha Balakrishnan ◽  
Lalrinsangpuii Lalrinsangpuii ◽  
A. K. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Area Effect ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

<span>The time series data at all India level on area, production and productivity of foodgrains, production and per capita availability of milk and eggs and production of meat were compiled and a decade wise analysis of growth rate, instability index and decomposition analysis was done to study the performance of agriculture sector. During the overall period, the area under food grains showed negative growth whereas production and productivity growth was positive. For milk and egg, both production and per capita availability showed positive growth. Meat production showed a positively significant growth rate. Growth rate in area, production and productivity of both vegetables and fruits was positive. In general, for foodgrains, the yield effect was higher than the area effect which could be attributed to increased use of high yielding varieties. For vegetables and fruits, the contribution of area effect was more than that of yield and the interaction effect suggesting that measures should be taken to improve their productivity. </span>

Impact of Fiscal Policy on Agricultural Output in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedoyin Isola LAWAL ◽  
Ernest Onyebuchi FIDELIS ◽  
Abiola Ayoopo BABAJIDE ◽  
Barnabas O. OBASAJU ◽  
Oluwatoyese OYETADE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Agricultural Output ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of fiscal policy on agricultural output in Nigeria using the most recent official data. The metrics for fiscal policy is government capital expenditure and custom duties on fertilizer. The study used annual time series data obtained from CBN annual statistical bulletin, NCS, and FIRS which was found to be stationary at the order of I(1) and I(0). The order of unit root test led to the use of ARDL estimation method employed in the empirical analysis of this research work. The study found evidence of both short and long run relationship between the variables (VAO, GEX, IDMF, and ACGSF) using both Johansen co-integration and ARDL Bounds test. Although government expenditure (GEX) to agricultural sector was found to be statistically insignificant which recommend that government should increase agriculture capital expenditure to ensure that its contribution is significant. Consequently, custom duties on fertilizer (IDMF) was found to be negatively signed and significant indicating a negative impact on agricultural output. This demands that the policy makers should be prudent in the use of fiscal policy instrument in achieving its desired objective.

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