scholarly journals Recent Progress on 3D NAND Flash Technologies

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 3156
Author(s):  
Akira Goda
Keyword(s):  
Block Size ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Nand Flash ◽  
Data Retention ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Layer Stacking ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Trap Cell ◽  
Term Data

Since 3D NAND was introduced to the industry with 24 layers, the areal density has been successfully increased more than ten times, and has exceeded 10 Gb/mm2 with 176 layers. The physical scaling of XYZ dimensions including layer stacking and footprint scaling enabled the density scaling. Logical scaling has been successfully realized, too. TLC (triple-level cell, 3 bits per cell) is now the mainstream in 3D NAND, while QLC (quad-level cell, 4 bits per cell) is increasing the presence. Several attempts and partial demonstrations were made for PLC (penta-level cell, 5 bits per cell). CMOS under array (CuA) enabled the die size reduction and performance improvements. Program and erase schemes to address the technology challenges such as short-term data retention of the charge-trap cell and the large block size are being investigated.

scholarly journals Introduction: The “Privacy” Special Issue of the Journal of Intellectual Freedom & Privacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Michael Zimmer
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Intellectual Freedom ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Data Retention ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Privacy And Confidentiality ◽  
Intellectual Activities ◽  
Retention Policies ◽  
Term Data

Within libraries, a patron’s intellectual activities are protected by decades of established norms and practices intended to preserve patron privacy and confidentiality, most stemming from the American Library Association’s Library Bill of Rights and related interpretations. As a matter of professional ethics, most librarians protect patron privacy by engaging in limited tracking of user activities, instituting short-term data retention policies, and generally enabling the anonymous browsing of materials. These are the existing privacy norms within the library context, and the cornerstone of what makes up the “librarian ethic.”

Lurasidone Gets Nod Based on Short-Term Data

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH MECHCATIE
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Term Data

Materials Issues and Characterization of Low-k Dielectric Materials

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Todd Ryan ◽  
Andrew J. McKerrow ◽  
Jihperng Leu ◽  
Paul S. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Process Integration ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Propagation Delay ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
General Criterion ◽  
Crosstalk Noise ◽  
Total Delay ◽  
Interlayer Dielectrics ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
And Performance

Continuing improvement in device density and performance has significantly affected the dimensions and complexity of the wiring structure for on-chip interconnects. These enhancements have led to a reduction in the wiring pitch and an increase in the number of wiring levels to fulfill demands for density and performance improvements. As device dimensions shrink to less than 0.25 μm, the propagation delay, crosstalk noise, and power dissipation due to resistance-capacitance (RC) coupling become significant. Accordingly the interconnect delay now constitutes a major fraction of the total delay limiting the overall chip performance. Equally important is the processing complexity due to an increase in the number of wiring levels. This inevitably drives cost up by lowering the manufacturing yield due to an increase in defects and processing complexity.To address these problems, new materials for use as metal lines and interlayer dielectrics (ILDs) and alternative architectures have surfaced to replace the current Al(Cu)/SiO2 interconnect technology. These alternative architectures will require the introduction of low-dielectric-constant k materials as the interlayer dielectrics and/or low-resistivity conductors such as copper. The electrical and thermomechanical properties of SiO2 are ideal for ILD applications, and a change to material with different properties has important process-integration implications. To facilitate the choice of an alternative ILD, it is necessary to establish general criterion for evaluating thin-film properties of candidate low-k materials, which can be later correlated with process-integration problems.

scholarly journals An Attention-Based Multilayer GRU Model for Multistep-Ahead Short-Term Load Forecasting

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Seungmin Jung ◽  
Jihoon Moon ◽  
Sungwoo Park ◽  
Eenjun Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Input Sequence ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Short Term Load Forecasting ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Input Variables

Recently, multistep-ahead prediction has attracted much attention in electric load forecasting because it can deal with sudden changes in power consumption caused by various events such as fire and heat wave for a day from the present time. On the other hand, recurrent neural networks (RNNs), including long short-term memory and gated recurrent unit (GRU) networks, can reflect the previous point well to predict the current point. Due to this property, they have been widely used for multistep-ahead prediction. The GRU model is simple and easy to implement; however, its prediction performance is limited because it considers all input variables equally. In this paper, we propose a short-term load forecasting model using an attention based GRU to focus more on the crucial variables and demonstrate that this can achieve significant performance improvements, especially when the input sequence of RNN is long. Through extensive experiments, we show that the proposed model outperforms other recent multistep-ahead prediction models in the building-level power consumption forecasting.

Remote Thermal Performance Monitoring and Diagnostics: Turning Data Into Knowledge

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomo Jiang ◽  
Craig Foster
Keyword(s):  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Maintenance Schedule ◽  
Effectiveness Monitoring ◽  
And Performance

Gas turbine simple or combined cycle plants are built and operated with higher availability, reliability, and performance in order to provide the customer with sufficient operating revenues and reduced fuel costs meanwhile enhancing customer dispatch competitiveness. A tremendous amount of operational data is usually collected from the everyday operation of a power plant. It has become an increasingly important but challenging issue about how to turn this data into knowledge and further solutions via developing advanced state-of-the-art analytics. This paper presents an integrated system and methodology to pursue this purpose by automating multi-level, multi-paradigm, multi-facet performance monitoring and anomaly detection for heavy duty gas turbines. The system provides an intelligent platform to drive site-specific performance improvements, mitigate outage risk, rationalize operational pattern, and enhance maintenance schedule and service offerings via taking appropriate proactive actions. In addition, the paper also presents the components in the system, including data sensing, hardware, and operational anomaly detection, expertise proactive act of company, site specific degradation assessment, and water wash effectiveness monitoring and analytics. As demonstrated in two examples, this remote performance monitoring aims to improve equipment efficiency by converting data into knowledge and solutions in order to drive value for customers including lowering operating fuel cost and increasing customer power sales and life cycle value.

Achieving Health, Safety, and Performance Improvements Through Enhanced Cost Visibility and Workplace Partnerships

AIHA Journal ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 660-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharyn A. Grant ◽  
John G. Garland ◽  
Todd C. Joachim ◽  
Andrew Wallen ◽  
Twyla Vital
Keyword(s):  
Health Safety ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
And Performance
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