scholarly journals Game Theoretical Analysis of a Multi-MNO MVNO Business Model in 5G Networks

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Erwin Sacoto Cabrera ◽  
Luis Guijarro ◽  
Patrick Maillé
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Strategic Interaction ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Mobile Telecommunications ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Mobile Network Operators

This paper analyzes the economic feasibility of a business model for multi-Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) and Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs), which is an envisioned scenario in mobile telecommunications markets supported by 5G networks. A business model for the provision of service to end-users through an MVNO using the infrastructure support of two MNOs is proposed. We analyze the proposal though a model that captures both system and economic features. As regards the systems features, an MVNO provides service to final users using the infrastructure support of two MNOs. The agreement between MVNO and MNOs is such that the MVNO will split the network traffic between the two MNOs and will pay to each MNO for the traffic served through its infrastructure. As regards the economic features, the incentives are modelled through the user utilities and the operators’ profits; and game theory is used to model the strategic interaction between the users’ subscription decision and the MNO network capacities decision. We conclude that such a model is feasible from an economic point of view for all the actors.

scholarly journals Economic Evaluation and Techno-Economic Sensitivity Analysis of a Mass Integrated Shrimp Biorefinery in North Colombia

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2397
Author(s):  
Antonio Zuorro ◽  
Kariana Andrea Moreno-Sader ◽  
Ángel Darío González-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Pinch

The high freshwater consumption requirements in shrimp biorefinery approaches represents one of the major drawbacks of implementing these technologies within the shrimp processing industry. This also affects the costs associated with the plant operation, and consequently, the overall economic performance of the project. The application of mass integration tools such as water pinch analysis can reduce frewshwater consumption by up to 80%, contributing to shrimp biorefinery sustainability. In this work, the economic evaluation and the techno-economic sensitivity analysis for a mass integrated approach for shrimp biorefinery were performed to determine the economic feasibility of the project when located in the North-Colombia region and to identify the critical techno-economic variables affecting the profitability of the process. The integrated approach designed to process 4113.09 tons of fresh shrimp in Colombia reaches a return on investment (%ROI) at 65.88% and a net present value (NPV) at 10.40 MM USD. The process supports decreases of up to 28% in capacity of production and increases of 12% and 11% in the cost of raw materials and variable operating costs without incurring losses, respectively. These findings suggest that the proposed design of the water recycling network coupled to a shrimp biorefinery approach is attractive from an economic point of view.

An Exploration of Relationships Between Mobile Network Operators (MNO) and Mobile Virtual Network Operations (MVNO) in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femi Ekanoye ◽  
Temitope Olokunde ◽  
Victor Mbarika ◽  
Philip Musa
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Network Operator ◽  
Telecommunication Infrastructure ◽  
Network Operations ◽  
Mobile Network Operators ◽  
Mobile Telecommunications Industry

Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) are of immense value to the mobile telecommunications industry as they provide services at an affordable rate to customers and work with Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) who own the telecommunication infrastructure. This is because Mobile Network Operators sell airtime at wholesale rates to Mobile Virtual Network Operators. The Mobile Virtual Network Operators retain their brand name whilst having an arrangement with their host who is the Mobile Network Operator (MNO). This article therefore identifies the bottlenecks experienced by MNOs in establishing relationships with MVNOs in Nigeria. The article also covers the various forms of MVNO business models available in the industry and the types of policies that support the MVNO success and sustainability.

scholarly journals SHIP2FAIR – Martini & Rossi: integration of Solar Heat in Industrial Process – Preliminary evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 03018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Barberis ◽  
Francesco Peccianti ◽  
Luca Castellino ◽  
Thomas Bolognesi ◽  
Alessandro Bortoletto
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Process ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Solar Heat ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Definition Of

SHIP2FAIR is a H2020 European funded project†, which aim to foster the integration of solar heat in industrial processes from the agro-food sector facilitating the integration of solar heat production in low temperature processes. Based on the assessment of the industrial process for the production of different spirits and the local solar potential in Pessione plant (TO) of Martini & Rossi – one of the four demosite of the project -, the preliminary results that guided the choice of the most suitable solar collectors (Fresnel) and the definition of the thermo-economic parameters for the solar plant are hereby presented. The preliminary assessment takes into account different perspectives from the industrial and economic point of view: the availability of suitable surfaces, the economics of the investment and the best processes to be fed by solar produced steam towards a preliminary techno-economic feasibility study. The starting points for the analysis have been the characterization of the thermal demand in terms of necessary temperature level (°C), overall consumption and time distribution. The following step has been the identification of the suitable collectors to be installed taking into account the thermal parameters presented before, the boundary conditions of the industrial facility (e.g. space available, orientation, etc.), the technical characteristics of the collector itself and the solar irradiation available considering the plant’s location. Moreover, the complex thermal facility in the factory, constituted by multiple (3) gas boilers and a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant in two different but linked pressurized steam loops, is taken into account for the definition of the solar collectors configuration and their integration via the proper management of heat generators and storage. The calculations are based on the expected thermal (steam) production guaranteed by the solar collectors and avoided GHG based on the reduction of gas fired boilers consumption.

scholarly journals 5G and the Need for Platform Integrity

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Alec Brusilovsky ◽  
Ira McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Network ◽  
Core Network ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Authentication And Authorization ◽  
Access Authentication ◽  
Network Transformation ◽  
Cloud Network ◽  
Mobile Network Operators

Current cellular architecture will not be suitable for 5G because it will not scale to the anticipated number of connected endpoints and their rich diversity. The distribution of the previously centralized Core Network (CN) functionality, e.g., Access Authentication and Authorization, has to be decentralized, leading to the demise of the most utilized tool of network security engineering, Physical Security Perimeter. The asserted and attested Platform Integrity of the network nodes that comprise the edges of the network, the network cloud, “network fog”, and the endpoints will allow mobile network operators (MNOs) to create Virtual Network Perimeters and allow highly reliable, diverse, and flexible 5G networks. This article describes the reasons for such network transformation, provides references to applicable standardization activities, and uses the examples of support for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and connected automobiles by 5G networks to justify the need for Platform Integrity.

scholarly journals On the evolution of infrastructure sharing in mobile networks: A survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-157
Author(s):  
Brunilde Sanso ◽  
Lorela Cano ◽  
Antonio Capone
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Spectrum Sharing ◽  
Network Virtualization ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Wireless Network Virtualization ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Mobile Network Operators ◽  
Over Time

Infrastructure sharing for mobile networks has been a prolific research topic for more than three decades now. The key driver for Mobile Network Operators to share their network infrastructure is cost reduction. Spectrum sharing is often studied alongside infrastructure sharing although on its own it is a vast research topic outside the scope of this survey. Instead, in this survey we aim to provide a complete picture of infrastructure sharing both over time and in terms of research branches that have stemmed from it such as performance evaluation, resource management etc. We also put an emphasis on the relation between infrastructure sharing and the decoupling of infrastructure from services, wireless network virtualization and multi-tenancy in 5G networks. Such a relation reflects the evolution of infrastructure sharing over time and how it has become a commercial reality in the context of 5G.

scholarly journals Features of introduction of biogas technologies in the conditions of industrial enterprises of the metallurgical industry

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Kovalenko Viktor ◽  
Kuznetsova Alisa ◽  
Kuznetsov Vitalii
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Iron Sulfate ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Heating Furnaces ◽  
Wide Range

The paper analyzes and classifies the advantages and disadvantages of existing technologies for cleaning hydrogen sulfide and increasing calorific value by enriching biogas mixtures from various sources. Among them are identified those that are most acceptable from an economic point of view for implementation in heavy industry. A list of available methods and relatively inexpensive reagents for the treatment of biogas in the conditions of metallurgical enterprises, among which technical and ammonia water, waste from steel pickling processes in the form of iron sulfate, and others, is established. The main fuel characteristics of biogas of various origin and composition and natural gas are compared in determining the directions of using alternative fuel in industrial heating plants. It was determined that thermal and heating furnaces have the greatest potential for adaptation to biogas combustion, since such units are able to work in a wide range of quality, fuel consumption and calorific value. Since the scientific base regarding the possible conversion of these plants to biogas is unstructured, and in many aspects is absent, the creation of appropriate methods, mathematical apparatus and algorithmic tools in this direction is an urgent task. Keywords: energy efficiency, biogas technologies, biogas, gas, purification, enrichment, industrial furnaces, economic feasibility

scholarly journals Strategic Interaction between Operators in the Context of Spectrum Sharing for 5G Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin J. Sacoto-Cabrera ◽  
Angel Sanchis-Cano ◽  
Luis Guijarro ◽  
José Ramón Vidal ◽  
Vicent Pla
Keyword(s):  
Spectrum Sharing ◽  
Strategic Interaction ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
5G Networks ◽  
Network Operator ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Business Cases ◽  
Virtual Operator

5G networks will make network sharing agreements between mobile operators technically possible. However, depending on the agreed and implemented quality-of-service isolation, the provision of services may lead to unsustainable business cases. In this paper, the economic feasibility of such arrangements is analyzed for the case of two operators. Concretely, while one network operator owns the spectrum, one virtual operator does not, and each one provides service to its subscriber base. Two sharing alternatives, namely, pooling and priority sharing, are studied regarding the profits that each operator gets. We conclude that the network operator is worse off under any circumstances under a pooling agreement, while a lump sum payment may leave the network operator better off under a priority sharing agreement.

scholarly journals Key Technologies and Economic Analysis of Decentralized Wind Power Consumption: A Case Study in B City, China

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Huang ◽  
Yingying Du ◽  
Shizhong Song ◽  
Yanlei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The North ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Feed In Tariff

Wind power technology is developing rapidly in China. Especially in the north of China, decentralized wind power (DWP) has developed rapidly. However, wind curtailment exceeds 4% of the gross generation, which has become an important obstacle restricting the development of DWP in 2019. Technical schemes are effective solutions to promote decentralized wind power consumption (DWPC). Moreover, there are few economic analyses of DWP projects with key technologies. This paper summarizes the typical technical schemes and analyzes the economy of a DWP grid-connected project with typical technical schemes by combining methods of the net present value (NPV) and real options (RO). It appears that the DWP project can be profitable with an NPV of about CNY 4.3721 million and an option value of CNY 16.6022 million in the case of a feed-in tariff of 0.34 CNY/kWh. Feed-in tariff and equipment investment costs are the most relevant parameters for economic feasibility according to the sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, 30.73 million kWh connects to the Mengxi grid each year. The project has an annual maximum CO2 emission reduction of about 31 thousand tons and an SO2 of about 0.1 thousand tons. In addition, it also realizes fine social benefits, including the support of local residents and the improvement of local new urbanization levels. Finally, this paper puts forward policy suggestions for the development of DWP mainly from an economic point of view.

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