scholarly journals Is It Possible to Make Money on Investing in Companies Manufacturing Solar Components? A Panel Data Approach

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3406
Author(s):  
Sebastian Klaudiusz Tomczak ◽  
Anna Skowrońska-Szmer ◽  
Jan Jakub Szczygielski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Classification Trees ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Altman Model

In the interests of the environment, many countries set limits on the use of non-renewable energy sources and promote renewable energy sources through policy and legislation. Consequently, the demand for components for renewable energy systems exhibits an upward trend. For this reason, managers, investors, and banks are interested in knowing whether investing in a business associated with the semiconductor and related device manufacturing sector, especially the photovoltaic (PV) systems manufacturers, is worthy of a penny. Using a sample for the period of 2015-2018, we apply a new approach to panel data, extending existing research using Classification Trees with the k-Nearest Neighbor and Altman model. Our aim is to analyze the financial conditions of enterprises to identify key indicators that distinguish companies producing PV system components (labeled “green, G”) from companies that do not manufacture PV components (“red, R”). Our results show that green companies can be distinguished from red companies at classification accuracies of 86% and 90% for CRT and CHAID algorithms in Classification Trees method and 93% for k-Nearest Neighbor method, respectively. Based on the Altman model and the analysis of crucial ratios, we also find that green businesses are characterized by lower financial performance although future ratio values may equal or exceed the values for the red companies if current upward trends are sustained. Therefore, investing in green companies presents a viable alternative.

scholarly journals Forecasting and Modelling the Uncertainty of Low Voltage Network Demand and the Effect of Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2151
Author(s):  
Feras Alasali ◽  
Husam Foudeh ◽  
Esraa Mousa Ali ◽  
Khaled Nusair ◽  
William Holderbaum
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Golden Ratio ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Demand Forecast ◽  
Pv System

More and more households are using renewable energy sources, and this will continue as the world moves towards a clean energy future and new patterns in demands for electricity. This creates significant novel challenges for Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) such as volatile net demand behavior and predicting Low Voltage (LV) demand. There is a lack of understanding of modern LV networks’ demand and renewable energy sources behavior. This article starts with an investigation into the unique characteristics of householder demand behavior in Jordan, connected to Photovoltaics (PV) systems. Previous studies have focused mostly on forecasting LV level demand without considering renewable energy sources, disaggregation demand and the weather conditions at the LV level. In this study, we provide detailed LV demand analysis and a variety of forecasting methods in terms of a probabilistic, new optimization learning algorithm called the Golden Ratio Optimization Method (GROM) for an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model for rolling and point forecasting. Short-term forecasting models have been designed and developed to generate future scenarios for different disaggregation demand levels from households, small cities, net demands and PV system output. The results show that the volatile behavior of LV networks connected to the PV system creates substantial forecasting challenges. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the ANN-GROM model improved by 41.2% for household demand forecast compared to the traditional ANN model.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Energy Accumulation for Renewable Energy Sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Milan Belik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Energy Accumulation ◽  
Wind Power Station ◽  
Future Production

This project focuses on optimisation of energy accumulation for various types of distributed renewable energy sources. The main goal is to prepare charging – discharging strategy depending on actual power consumption and prediction of consumption and production of utilised renewable energy sources for future period. The simulation is based on real long term data measured on photovoltaic system, wind power station and meteo station between 2004 – 2021. The data from meteo station serve as the input for the simulation and prediction of the future production while the data from PV system and wind turbine are used either as actual production or as a verification of the predicted values. Various parameters are used for trimming of the optimisation process. Influence of the charging strategy, discharging strategy, values and shape of the demand from the grid and prices is described on typical examples of the simulations. The main goal is to prepare and verify the system in real conditions with real load chart and real consumption defined by the model building with integrated renewable energy sources. The system can be later used in general installations on commercial or residential buildings.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency – Indoor Air Quality Dilemma in Educational Buildings: A Possible Solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-367
Author(s):  
Liva Asere ◽  
Andra Blumberga
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Educational Buildings ◽  
Electricity Tariff

AbstractThe energy efficiency – indoor air quality dilemma is well known and the main drawback to operate the mechanical ventilation is electricity costs as concluded from previous studies. Educational buildings are one of the places where future taxpayers spend a lot of time. This paper aims to study an alternative solution on how to reduce energy efficiency – indoor air quality dilemma in educational buildings by adopting systems that use renewable energy sources. A typical education building in Latvia is taken as a case study by changing it from a consumer to prosumer. This building type has a specific electricity usage profile that makes the choice of photovoltaics (PV) power quite challenging so the various power options have been analysed and used for an electricity solution. Also, the more decentralised preference is chosen – disconnect from a public heating provider and using a local system with a pellet boiler. Educational buildings using PV can reduce the electricity tariff, but the payback periods are still not very satisfactory without subsidies. The average electricity tariff per month varies between scenarios and the best one is for the scenario with 30 kW installed power. The educational building partly using 16 kW PV system reduces not only its bill for electricity but also reduces CO2 emissions by around 36 tons. The education buildings as energy prosumers using renewable energy sources are reducing GHG emissions by having high indoor air quality.

The Effect of Population, Public Investments, and Economic Growth on Regional Renewable Energy Consumption in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 491-504
Author(s):  
Özlem Karadağ Albayrak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Public Investments

Making the use of renewable energy sources widespread is of paramount importance for Turkey as for all countries. In this regard, the determiners of renewable energy consumption have been investigated. The effect of determining or factors affecting the use of renewable energy sources on a regional scale to Turkey were examined with different qualitative and quantitative research techniques. In this study, the factors of economic growth, public investments, and population are analyzed by considering regional differences on the consumption of renewable energy resources. The effect of regional economic growth, regional public investments, and regional population on the amount of regional renewable energy consumption were investigated by using panel data of 26 statistical regions of Level-2 classification in the period between 2010-2018 in Turkey. The results obtained by the dynamic panel data analysis concluded that economic growth and public investments at the regional level increased renewable energy consumption while the population growth decreased.

scholarly journals Investigation of PV Connected Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge Inverter Using Disposition Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.31) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Muzeeb Khan Patan ◽  
P Udaya Bhanu ◽  
M D. Azahar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Multilevel Inverters ◽  
Power Handling ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
The Given

Inverters have many Technological improvements in their maximum power handling capabilities by using renewable energy sources. Multilevel inverters give effective and efficient interface for renewable energy sources and perform Transformer-less operation and increase the power quantity and quality of voltage of the PV system. In this paper, the benefits of H-bridge inverters including the total harmonic distortions are discussed. This paper has primarily focused on Sinusoidal PWM and worked on the carrier based phase disposition techniques. The performances of modulation schemes are compared. Simulations were done using MATLAB Simulink for the given PWM techniques.  

scholarly journals Development of Fast charging system with ZVS integrated with Fuzzy controller-based Hybrid renewable energy source

2021 ◽  
Vol 2070 (1) ◽  
pp. 012117
Author(s):  
Raghunath Niharika ◽  
K M Sai Pavan ◽  
P V Manitha
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuzzy Controller ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Charging System ◽  
On The Road

Abstract Climate change is a growing concern due to greenhouse gas emission and transportation has increased the requirement for various energy sources with limiting and less pollution. But with the establishment of more electric vehicles on the road, charging EV’s will be difficult if the grid is used. When many numbers of electric vehicles are integrated to the grid, it will inevitably have a huge effect on its function and control. Hence, there is a requirement for an effective charging system for electric vehicles using renewable energy sources. Solar energy is renewable and green, but the volatile nature of energy from the Photo-Voltaic (PV) system and dynamic charging requirement of electric vehicles has added new problems to the effective charging of EV from these sources. The Solar powered charging station with battery storage system is a better solution for this problem. The power is transferred from the AC grid to the DC link when there is a depletion of power from solar. This paper deals with DC level 1 fast charger to charge an electric vehicle with phase shifted full bridge converter as a main charging topology which is able to deliver the load of 50KW to charge the electric vehicle. To maintain a constant voltage at the output of the boost converter connected to the solar panel, a fuzzy controller is also developed in the proposed system

scholarly journals Determinants of the Energy Development Based on Renewable Energy Sources in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6762
Author(s):  
Jan Bednarczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Brzozowska-Rup ◽  
Sławomir Luściński
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Positive Effects

In this article, we aim to identify the determinants that profoundly impact renewable energy sources development in Poland. To this end, the authors have conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses of Poland’s renewable energy sector. In this paper, we demonstrate an original approach considering the different development levels of the given sector across provinces (voivodeships). It uses panel data from the Local Data Bank of the Statistics Poland on electricity production from renewable energy sources in individual voivodeships in Poland from 2005 through 2019. The study confronts the results of previous studies and sheds light on the situation in Poland—specifically, upon the changes that have happened over the ten years (2010–2019). The qualitative analysis shows a negative correlation between energy consumption and the share of renewable energy sources in total energy production. Evidence shows that favorable changes are underway in the energy production structure: RES share is growing and by degrees satisfying energy demand, and there is growing potential of energy entities in Poland. Furthermore, the analysis shows that R&D and total expenditures on environmental protection and water management investments do not significantly affect the development of RES. A dynamic panel data model has been used to analyze the group and time effects on the dependent variable. The findings confirm the existence of the persistency effect and indicate positive effects of total installed electric capacity (IEC) and household electricity consumption (HEC). Nonhousehold electricity consumption (NHEC) has a negative effect on the endogenous variable, i.e., the renewable energy sources share in the gross final energy consumption (RESS). The research results may be applicable as recommendations for energy efficiency policy development based on renewable energy sources depending on the RES development level in the regions of Poland.

scholarly journals Research Survey on Various MPPT Performance Issues to Improve the Solar PV System Efficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Pakkiraiah ◽  
G. Durga Sukumar
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Solar Pv System

Nowadays in order to meet the increase in power demands and to reduce the global warming, renewable energy sources based system is used. Out of the various renewable energy sources, solar energy is the main alternative. But, compared to other sources, the solar panel system converts only 30–40% of solar irradiation into electrical energy. In order to get maximum output from a PV panel system, an extensive research has been underway for long time so as to access the performance of PV system and to investigate the various issues related to the use of solar PV system effectively. This paper therefore presents different types of PV panel systems, maximum power point tracking control algorithms, power electronic converters usage with control aspects, various controllers, filters to reduce harmonic content, and usage of battery system for PV system. Attempts have been made to highlight the current and future issues involved in the development of PV system with improved performance. A list of 185 research publications on this is appended for reference.

scholarly journals Interleaved Flyback Converter with Embedded Grid Interacting PV Cascaded MLI

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Jaikrishna V ◽  
Subhranhsu Sekhar Dash ◽  
Linss T Alex ◽  
R. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Flyback Converter ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Suggested Technique ◽  
Power Point

The importance of extracting power from renewable energy sources are increasing in the modern world as the power demand is increasing day by day and the non renewable energy sources are getting dried up. Solar power is a domestic source of energy and its availability throughout the year makes it a primary target to solve this crisis. It will never produce any hazardous waste or pollution. But various issues like Power quality problems and Harmonic distortion seep in due to the intermittent nature of PV system. This paper proposes a cascaded H–bridge multilevel inverter for grid connected PV system with a flyback converter. This helps to achieve maximum power point tracking and also provides isolation which will further help to increase system efficiency. The DC–DC flyback converters are cascaded to generate multilevel output voltage. Then this multilevel dc output is given to H bridge inverter to generate multilevel output. A new control algorithm is used in this paper which combines voltage–hold Perturb and observe method and modified PWM algorithm which helps to achieve the best MPPT. The proposed topology is implemented in PSIM. The Simulation and Hardware results reveal that the suggested technique is highly.

scholarly journals Modeling and Swarm Intelligence Based Control of Hybrid Wind-PV System for Grid Integration

2018 ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
B. Manoj Kumar ◽  
Ramesh P.
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Hybrid Energy

With the degradation of fossil fuels, recent era witness the penetration of renewable energy sources like wind and solar energy into various electrical applications. Integration of these renewable energy sources is of prime importance as they possess zero carbon emission, environmental friendly and zero fuel cost. However, the unpredictability and unreliable nature of solar and wind motivates the combine utilization of these sources i.e. hybrid energy systems. These systems are more reliable and have better continuous production of electrical energy than using the sources individually. Combination of hybrid energy system into grid/standalone applications demands the use of power electronic interface and appropriate control strategy. In this context, this thesis aims at development of a hybrid Photovoltaic (PV)/wind energy based systems for grid connected application. PV and wind are hybridized on a DC side to avoid the synchronizing issues between the sources. However, the proposed hybrid system is integrated on distribution side of the grid with a DC/AC converter (inverter). Considering the essential need of synchronization, the control input i.e. pulses to the inverter are generated from a voltage and frequency controller i.e. Phase Lock Loop (PLL).The task of tuning the controller is formulated as an optimization problem and is solved using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique. The objective of the system is to meet the load demand and to manage the power generated from different sources at different operating conditions. Each module in the complete system is modeled on Matlab/Simulink platform. Also, the performance of the system is tested for additional utilization of battery charging.

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