Physiological and Biochemical Dynamics of Pinus massoniana Lamb. Seedlings under Extreme Drought Stress and during Recovery

In recent years, global forests have been facing an increase in tree mortality owing to increasing droughts. However, the capacity for plants to adjust their physiology and biochemistry during extreme drought and subsequent recovery is still unclear. Here, we used 1.5-year-old Pinus massoniana Lamb. seedlings and simulated drought conditions to achieve three target stress levels (50%, 85%, and 100% loss of stem hydraulic conductivity (PLC)), followed by rehydration. Needle water status, gas exchange, and biochemical parameters were assessed during drought and recovery. The results showed that drought had significantly negative impacts on needle water status and gas exchange parameters, with gas exchange declining to 0 after PLC85 was achieved. Soluble protein concentration (SPC), soluble sugar concentration (SSC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and needle water-use efficiency showed fluctuations. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the values of osmotic regulators were then gradually decreased as the physiological and biochemical functions of seedlings were disturbed. Seedlings showed a stronger ability to recover from PLC50 than PLC85 and PLC100. We conclude that the physiological and biochemical recovery of P. massoniana seedlings is more likely to be inhibited when plants experience increasing drought stress that induces 85% and greater loss of hydraulic conductance.

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Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Poplar Plants to Drought Stress

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.5.3.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (03) ◽

Author(s):

ARADHNA KUMARI ◽

IM KHAN ◽

ANIL KUMAR SINGH ◽

SANTOSH KUMAR SINGH

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Drought Event ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Biochemical Responses ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

Poplar clone Kranti was selected to assess the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses under drought at different levels of water stress, as it is a common clone used to be grown in Uttarakhand for making paper and plywood. The cuttings of Populus deltoides L. (clone Kranti) were exposed to four different watering regimes (100, 75, 50 and 25% of the field capacity) and changes in physiological and biochemical parameters related with drought tolerance were recorded. Alterations in physiological (i.e. decrease in relative water content) and biochemical parameters (i.e. increase in proline and soluble sugar content and build-up of malondialdehyde by-products) occurred in all the three levels of water stress, although drought represented the major determinant. Drought treatments (75%, 50% and 25% FC) decreased plant height, radial stem diameter, harvest index, total biomass content and RWC in all the three watering regimes compared to control (100% FC). Biochemical parameters like proline, soluble sugar and MDA content increased with severity and duration of stress, which helped plants to survive under severe stress. It was analyzed that for better wood yield poplar seedlings should avail either optimum amount of water (amount nearly equal to field capacity of soil) or maximum withdrawal up to 75% of field capacity up to seedling establishment period (60 days). Furthermore, this study manifested that acclimation to drought stress is related with the rapidity, severity, and duration of the drought event of the poplar species.

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Heteroblastic Foliage Affects the Accumulation of Non-Structural Carbohydrates and Biomass in Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) Seedlings

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12121686 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1686

Author(s):

Haoyun Wang ◽

Feng Wu ◽

Min Li ◽

Daqu Liang ◽

Guijie Ding

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Photosynthetic Pigments ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Pinus Massoniana ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Total Chlorophyll ◽

Physiological Factor ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Pinus Massoniana Lamb

Pines have heteroblastic foliage (primary and secondary needles) during seedling stage, but how heteroblastic foliage affects carbon storage and biomass accumulation, contributing to seedling quality, is unclear. We investigated the influences of heteroblastic foliage on photosynthetic physiological characteristics, non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) and biomass accumulation in current-year seedlings; the key factors determining biomass accumulation were mainly determined by principal component screening, Spearman correlation, and path analysis. The results indicated that (1) primary needles have high photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll), net photosynthetic rates (Pn), the potential maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and leaf instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi), whereas higher non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) suggested that sudden light increases induce the initiation of quenching mechanism in primary needles; additionally, secondary needles had a lower transpiration rate (Tr), limiting stomata (Ls), and light saturation point. (2) Secondary needles promoted soluble sugar (fructose and glucose) increases in leaves compared to that of primary needles and increased the leaf biomass accumulation (from 47.06% to 54.30%), enhancing the overall ability of photosynthetic organs; additionally, secondary needles can enhance the proportion of starch storage in the roots, and NSC accumulation was significantly increasing in the seedling leaves and roots. (3) Photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids, chlorophyll a, and total chlorophyll) had direct positive effects on primary needle seedling (PNS) biomass and promoted biomass by indirectly increasing soluble sugar synthesis in the stems. The Pn was the main physiological factor determining PNS biomass accumulation. In addition, the WUEi, Ls, and NPQ had direct negative effects on PNS biomass accumulation, inhibiting photosynthesis to limit seedling growth. Considering the functional traits in heteroblastic foliage is necessary when assessing different leaf types of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) seedlings, in particular those threats implicated in light, water, and temperature relations. Our results can be beneficial to guide the establishment of seedling management and afforestation measures.

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Root tip structure and volatile organic compound responses to drought stress in Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.)

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum ◽

10.1007/s11738-017-2558-7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wenxuan Quan ◽

Guijie Ding

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Organic Compound ◽

Volatile Organic Compound ◽

Pinus Massoniana ◽

Root Tip ◽

Masson Pine ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Pinus Massoniana Lamb

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Effects of drought stress and rehydration on physiological and biochemical of four oak species in China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-605400/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shifa Xiong ◽

Yangdong Wang ◽

Yicun Chen ◽

Ming Gao ◽

Yunxiao Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Membership Function ◽

Drought Resistance ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Control Group ◽

Quercus Acutissima ◽

Biochemical Characteristics ◽

Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

Abstract Background: Quercus fabri Hance, Quercus serrata Thunb, Quercus acutissima Carruth, and Quercus variabilis BL are four Chinese oak species commonly used for forestation. In recent years, with the global warming caused by the greenhouse effect, seedlings in mountainous areas after afforestation often suffer seasonal drought stress, which seriously affects their survival and growth. In order to ensure the survival of seedlings, we need to select oak species with strong drought resistance. Therefore, we first need to understand the differences in drought resistance of the four oak tree species at the seedling stage, and comprehensively evaluate their drought resistance capabilities by studying the changes in the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the seedlings under continuous drought and rehydration conditions.Methods: The four oak seedlings were divided into drought-rewatering treatment group and normal watering control group. For the seedlings of the drought-rewatering treatment group, drought stress lasting 31 days was used, and then re-watering and recovering for 5 days. The water parameters, osmotic adjustment substance content, antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthesis parameters of the seedlings in the two groups were measured every 5 days. Principal component analysis, correlation analysis and membership function were used to analyze the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the seedlings of the four oak in two groups.Results and conclusions: Compared with the control group, the relative water content, water potential, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance levels of the four oaks all showed a downward trend under continuous drought stress, and showed an upward trend after rehydration. The soluble protein, soluble sugar, proline, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase content of the four oaks increased first and then decreased under drought stress, and then increased after rehydration. The content of glycine betaine and malondialdehyde continued to increase, and gradually decreased after rehydration. The weight of each index was calculated by PCA, and then the comprehensive evaluation of each index was carried out through the membership function method. The drought resistance levels of the four oak species were as follows: Q. serrata > Q. fabri > Q. variabilis > Q. acutissima.

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Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Two Herbaceous Peony Cultivars to Drought Stress

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci13704-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 492-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Qi Wang ◽

Rui Zhao ◽

Qihang Chen ◽

Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽

Liqi Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Damage Index ◽

Principal Component ◽

Flowering Plant ◽

Herbaceous Peony ◽

Biochemical Responses ◽

Relative Water ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

Herbaceous peony is a perennial flowering plant with strong environmental adaptability and may be a good candidate for culture in arid areas. In this study, the physiological and biochemical responses of two herbaceous peony cultivars to different soil moisture gradients in pots were assessed by analyzing changes in 13 stress-related indices. The drought damage index (DDI) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar, proline, and abscisic acid (ABA) generally increased as drought stress intensified, whereas leaf relative water content (LRWC) decreased, and the contents of soluble protein, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), the ratio of IAA and ABA, and the activities of four antioxidant enzymes fluctuated. For the leaves, a positive correlation was found between DDI and superoxide dismutase (SOD), MDA, soluble sugar, proline, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and ABA, but it was negatively correlated with LRWC, peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT). In fibrous roots, DDI was positively correlated with MDA, soluble sugar, proline, soluble protein, and ABA but was negatively correlated with SOD, CAT, APX, and IAA/ABA. Principal component analysis and subordinate functions were used to evaluate drought resistance of the two cultivars, with ‘Karl Rosenfield’ showing greater resistance to drought than ‘Da Fu Gui’.

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Effects of drought stress on germination and seedling growth of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)

Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences ◽

10.32508/stdjns.v5i2.977 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. first

Author(s):

Thắng Thanh Trần

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Water Movement ◽

Starch Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Parenchyma Cell ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Shoot Height ◽

Total Soluble Sugar ◽

The Impact ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

Peanut is am essential legume and has many uses, such as producing oil, food, and fodder. However, with the negative effects of climate change, drought is one especially of the important issues that reduce the yield of peanut. Thus, in this study, the impact of drought stress on the peanut growth was investigated by using PEG-6000 to block pathways of water movement. The changes in morphological, physiological, and biochemical during the peanut growth under drought were analyzed. In the drought condition (-2 bar), the germination time of seed increased but the percentage of germination seeds decreased by approximately 50% compared to control. Besides, the shoot height, the number of leaves, the total leaf area, root length, and fresh weight were lower than that of control. Drought stress made the formation quickly of secondary xylem and phloem. Also, the process of lignification in the phloem parenchyma cell increased. These cell walls were much thicker than those in the control root. In the drought stress, the physiological and biochemical analysis showed that the content of chlorophyll a, leaf relative water content, and starch content reduced significantly in comparison to control. Similarly, the photosynthetic intensity, the activity of cytokinin, and gibberellin decreased. The reverse pattern can be seen in the content of carotenoid, epicuticular wax, proline, and total soluble sugar, respiratory intensity, the activity of catalase, auxin, and ABA activity.

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Tolerance of lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) to drought stress. II. Leaf gas exchange, stem water potential and dry matter partitioning

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p03-028 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 919-927 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V. M. Glass ◽

D. C. Percival ◽

J. T.A. Proctor

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Water Potential ◽

Stomatal Density ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

Water Status ◽

Stem Water Potential ◽

Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽

Stem Water

A 2-yr field study examining the effect of soil moisture on plant water status, photosynthesis and gas exchange parameters in lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) was conducted at the Nova Scotia Wild Blueberry Institute (NSWBI), Debert, NS. Drought and irrigation treatments were applied over two years in either or both the vegetative and cropping years of production. Midday stem water potential values indicated that all treatments resulted in drought stress. Mean stem water potential values ranged from -1.41 to -1.45 MPa. Predawn stem water potentials in the vegetative growth season indicated that although some recharging and recovery of water loss occurred overnight, the drought-stressed plants did not fully return to pre-stress levels under the moisture-limiting conditions. Higher chlorophyll a and b levels were observed in the single-season drought treatment. Leaves of irrigated plants in both sprout and crop years had the highest stomatal density. There were no differences in photosynthetic rate (Pn) among treatments despite the lower stomatal conductance resulting from limited soil moisture. Key words: Photosynthesis, stomate, stem water potential

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Physiological and Biochemical Changes under Salinity and Drought Stress in Ricebean [Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi] Seedlings

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change ◽

10.9734/ijecc/2020/v10i830218 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 58-64

Author(s):

Kousik Atta ◽

P. Chettri ◽

A. K. Pal

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Salinity Stress ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Osmotic Potential ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Sand Culture ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll ◽

Diffused Light ◽

Osmotic Potentials ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

Aims: To study the effect of iso-osmotic potentials of drought and salinity during seedling growth stage in ricebean. Study Design: Completely randomised design. Place and Duration of Study: The lab experiment was conducted during the year of 2017- 2018 and 2018-2019 in ricebean variety Bidhan 1 at Department of Plant Physiology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India. Methodology: For studying the effect of iso-osmotic potential of salinity and drought stress, the solutions of NaCl and PEG 6000 with -0.2, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa osmotic potential were used and the experiment was conducted in sand culture using modified Hoagland solution [1] under laboratory condition of diffused light, at around 80±1% relative humidity (R.H.) and at a temperature of 28±1°C. Results: All the biochemical parameters under study, in general were adversely affected by the both stress with the effects being more drastic as the intensity of stress increased. The highest intensity of salinity stress was found to produce more adverse effects than drought in respect of RLWC, leaf chlorophyll as well as protein content in leaves of ricebean in the present experiment. While the content of soluble sugar, starch and phenol in the leaf were more drastically affected by drought stress. Conclusion: The drought stress was found to register more drastic effects on seedling growth as compared to iso-osmotic potential of salinity stress, especially, at the highest intensity of stress in ricebean cultivar Bidhan 1.

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