scholarly journals Consumer Perceptions of Meat Redness Were Strongly Influenced by Storage and Display Times

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 540
Author(s):  
Maddison T. Corlett ◽  
David W. Pethick ◽  
Khama R. Kelman ◽  
Robin H. Jacob ◽  
Graham E. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Display Time ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Retail Display ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Long Storage

Lamb (n = 79) meat colour was scored by 879 untrained consumers using a scale of 0 (brown) to 100 (red). This consumer colour score (CCS) was obtained on m. longissimus lumborum (loin) and m. semimembranosus (topside), stored for short (5–7 days), medium (33–35 days), and long periods (110–112 days) and a retail display time of up to 4 days. Consumers perceived topside to be less red initially and changed from red to brown more rapidly when stored for the long-storage period (p < 0.01). Whereas, the initial CCS of loin samples were similar across the storage periods (p > 0.05). CCS and the instrument measure oxy/met (reflectance of light at wavelengths 630 nm and 580 nm) had a low correlation coefficient of 0.33 (p < 0.01). The propensity for lamb growth and leanness indicated by sire breeding values for lamb weight, eye muscle depth, eye muscle fat depth, and loin intramuscular fat had varied and inconsistent effects on CCS. Therefore, even the selection on CCS.

scholarly journals The effect of potato seed material initial infection by common scab on the degree of silver scab development on tubers during storage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Konopatskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Common Scab ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Initial Infection ◽  
Seed Material ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderate Inverse Correlation ◽  
Long Storage

It is determined that over a long storage period there is a moderate inverse correlation (correlation coefficient amount to -0,63) between tubers infection by silver scab and their coating by common scab ulcers. The revealed pattern may indicate the antagonistic nature of the relationship between the disease agents.

scholarly journals Meat quality and fatty acid profile of the musculus longissimus lumborum in Czech Fleckvieh, Charolais and Charolais × Czech Fleckvieh bulls fed different types of silages

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bartoň ◽  
D. Bureš ◽  
V. Kudrna
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum

The effects of breed and diet containing different types of silages on meat quality parameters and fatty acid profile of m. longissimus lumborum (MLL) were evaluated in a total of 30 Czech Fleckvieh (CF), Charolais (CH) and Charolais &times; Czech Fleckvieh (CH &times; CF) bulls. The animals were fed two mixed diets: MS (based on maize silage) and LCS (based on legume-cereal mixture silage and lucerne silages) with different concentrations of dietary energy and fatty acids. The MLL from CH bulls had the lowest content of dry matter (P &lt; 0.01), less protein (P &lt; 0.01) and lighter meat (P &lt; 0.01) compared to the CF. The extensive LCS diet reduced dry matter (P &lt; 0.01) and intramuscular fat (P &lt; 0.01) and increased the content of hydroxyproline (P &lt; 0.05). The CH bulls exhibited higher PUFA n-3 (P &lt; 0.05) and lower MUFA (P &lt; 0.05) compared to the CF, with the CH &times; CF being intermediate. The LCS diet enhanced the proportions of PUFA (P &lt; 0.05) and PUFA n-3 (P &lt; 0.001) and reduced MUFA (P &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, both breed and diet affected the meat quality and fatty acid profile of the intramuscular fat of the bulls. The replacement of maize silage with the legume-cereal mixture and lucerne silages in the diet reduced the concentration of intramuscular fat and improved its fatty acid profile from the human nutrition perspective.

Oxygen: Aluminum Fuel Cells and Most Practical Fields of Their Applications

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Farmakovskaya ◽  
V. V. Popov ◽  
S. D. Sevruk ◽  
B. I. Tumanov ◽  
V. G. Udaltsov
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Electrochemical System ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Telecommunication Systems ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
Long Storage

On the total combination of their power, electric, economic, operating and ecological characteristics fuel cells (FC) on the base of oxygen (air) - aluminum (AA) electrochemical system are one of the most effective fuel cells. On their power/mass performances they are worse only the oxygen-hydrogen FC and some types of FC with the lithium anode. It is easy to recharge AA FC by means of the mechanical replacement of the working components after their expenditure. AA FC storage period is not less then ten years without degradation of their characteristics. Thus it is a prospective current source with a repeated operation. It is distinguished by the high power performances, long storage period and ecological cleanness as during their exploitation, as during their producing and utilization of the waste FC and the products of the reactions. The authors developed fundamental researches of the processes which take place at the systems and assemblies of power plants (PP) with AA FC. These researches allowed to eliminate the basic defects of AA FC which blocked their practical application. Autonomous current sources on the AA FC base can be effectively applied for the different users power supply in the main supply absence conditions. The basic application fields: telecommunication systems, transport, rescue-emergency parties and so forth. We created the aluminum-air fuel cells power plants (PP) with the alkaline and salt electrolytes with the different additions and special developed anode alloys. They have the wide ranged capacities from the unites of W up to hundreds of kW.

scholarly journals Comparison of Lipid and Protein Oxidation Products and their Impact on Colour Stability in Bison Longissimus Lumborum and Psoas Major Muscles

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Hasan ◽  
V. Sood ◽  
C. Erkinbaev ◽  
J. Paliwal ◽  
S. Suman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Ageing Time ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Retail Display ◽  
Ageing Period ◽  
Psoas Major

ObjectivesTo compare lipid (malondialdehyde [MDA], 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal [HNE]) and protein (carbonyl content [CAR]) oxidation products and determine their influence on color stability in two bison muscles (longissimus lumborum [LL; color stable] and psoas major [PM; color labile]).Materials and MethodsA total of 10 longissimus lumborun (LL) and 10 psoas major (PM) from five A1 grade bison carcasses were obtained from a commercial slaughter plant within 48 h post-mortem. From each muscle, a 10-cm thick piece was removed and subsampled for evaluation of pH, MDA (by thiobarbituric acid assay), HNE (by ELISA) and CAR (by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine). These measurements allowed the establishment of a baseline for the different oxidation products. The remainder of the muscles were cut into two equal portions, and each portion was vacuum-packaged and assigned to an ageing period of 7 and 14 d at 2°C. At the end of each ageing period, each muscle portion was removed from their packages, pH measured, and steaks obtained for sensory (muscle and discoloration scores) and instrumental color measurements (L*, a* and b*) over 5 d of retail display, and for estimation of MDA, HNE and CAR. After 5 d in retail display and following color and pH measurements the steaks were removed and collected for MDA, HNE and CAR determination. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with a split-split plot arrangement. Additionally, correlation and regression analysis were performed to identify the influence of the measured attributes on color.ResultsRegardless of the ageing time, LL showed greater redness and lower surface discoloration by instrumental (a* value; P = 0.04) and sensory (P < 0.01) color evaluation than PM at the end of the retail display. Furthermore, LL exhibited lower MDA, HNE and CAR content compared to PM (P < 0.05). A three-way interaction (muscle × ageing time × retail day display) was detected on MDA content, where PM presented a higher level of MDA with increasing ageing time and retail display than LL (P = 0.02). The pH was not different between LL and PM (P > 0.05) steaks.In both muscles, Pearson (r) and Spearman (rs) correlation coefficients indicated that MDA was the oxidation compound showing the highest correlation to a* (r = –0.78; P < 0.01) and discoloration (rs = 0.81; P < 0.01) scores, followed by a moderate correlation with HNE and CAR (r or rs < 0.7; P < 0.01). The pH did not exhibit correlation with color traits, except for lightness, in both muscles. For the stepwise regression analysis, the main variable entered into the equation for predicting a*, color and discoloration score in PM muscle was MDA with an R2 of 0.72, 0.75 and 0.78, respectively, while for LL muscle, MDA presented an R2 of 0.62, 0.68 and 0.66;, respectively. The pH, HNE and CAR only explained an additional 2% of the variation in those attributes.ConclusionThe results of color attributes corroborated that bison LL is a color-stable muscle due to the lower level of protein and lipid oxidation products developed during storage and retail display compared to PM muscle, which is considered color-labile muscle. The MDA seemed to have remarkable importance in the color deterioration than HNE and CAR, particularly in bison PM muscle.

Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Pork Packaged in Various Gas Atmospheres

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. SEIDEMAN ◽  
Z. L. CARPENTER ◽  
G. C. SMITH ◽  
C. W. DILL ◽  
C. VANDERZANT
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Modified Atmospheres ◽  
Gas Atmosphere ◽  
Retail Display ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
C 50 ◽  
D 20

One hundred and ninety-six boneless pork roasts were vacuum-packaged. Twenty-eight roasts remained vacuum-packaged to serve as controls. The remaining packages were divided into six groups of 28 packages each and injected with one of six gas mixtures: (a) 100% O2, (b) 20% CO2 + 80% N2, (c) 50% CO2 + 50% O2, (d) 20% CO2 + 80% O2, (e) 25% CO2 + 25% O2 + 50% N2 or (f) 51% CO2 + 30% O2 + 18% N2 + 1% CO. Five packages from each packaging treatment were removed from storage after 7, 14, 21, 28 or 35 days. Data collection included gas composition of the intact packages and off-odor, surface discoloration, overall appearance, retail caselife and palatability of cuts. The most prevalent gas in vacuum packages was CO2 with weight percentages of 62–88% during the 35-day storage period. Packages initially injected with an atmosphere containing 100% O2 showed a gradual decrease in O2 and an increase in CO2 with increased storage. Roasts stored in O2-containing atmospheres for 14 and/or 21 days had a higher incidence of off-odor and chops from such roasts had lower overall appearance ratings after 1 day of retail display and lower flavor and overall palatability ratings than comparable vacuum packaged meats. These differences were significant only for roasts stored in modified atmospheres containing high concentrations of O2 and only after extended periods of storage. Data suggest that a modified gas atmosphere of 20% CO2 + 80% N2 is a suitable alternative to vacuum-packaging.

Influences on the loin and cellular characteristics of the m. longissimus lumborum of Australian Poll Dorset-sired lambs

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Greenwood ◽  
J. J. Davis ◽  
G. M. Gaunt ◽  
G. R. Ferrier
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Nutritional Influences ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Improved Pasture

Offspring of 4 Poll Dorset rams differing in eye muscle depth estimated breeding values (EBVs) were studied to determine sire, sex, and nutritional influences on cellular characteristics in the longissimus lumborum muscle. At 12 weeks of age, 62 lambs were individually fed a concentrate diet with or without protected nutrients ad libitum for 120 days while 39 lambs were grazed on improved pasture. Sire influenced the percentages of type 2A and 2B/2X myofibres, but not myofibre number or size. Progeny of the highest eye muscle depth EBV ram had less type 2A and more 2B/2X myofibres than the lowest ranking sire. At equivalent carcass weight, amount of RNA and protein in the longissimus muscle was influenced by sire, consistent with differences in eye muscle depth EBVs. Sex had little effect on muscle cellular characteristics, whereas lambs fed pasture had less type 1 myofibres than those fed concentrates and had less muscle RNA and a higher ratio of protein to RNA. The findings demonstrate differences in m. longissimus lumborum cellular characteristics in offspring of sires differing in muscle EBVs. The extent to which these differences relate to the Carwell muscle hypertrophy gene remains to be determined.

Polymer Composites for Intelligent Food Packaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 1540005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiating He ◽  
Ray Chin Chong Yap ◽  
Siew Yee Wong ◽  
Xu Li
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Long Storage

Over the last 50 years, remarkable improvements in mechanical and barrier properties of polymer composites have been realized. Their improved properties have been widely studied and employed for food packaging to keep food fresh, clean and suitable for consumption over sufficiently long storage period. In this paper, the current progress of science and technology development of polymer composites for intelligent food packaging will be highlighted. Future directions and perspectives for exploring polymer composites for intelligent food packaging to reveal freshness and quality of food packaged will also be put forward.

scholarly journals Beef tenderness improvement by dietary vitamin D3 supplementation in the last stage of fattening of cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Półtorak ◽  
Małgorzata Moczkowska ◽  
Jarosław Wyrwisz ◽  
Agnieszka Wierzbicka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Ageing Time ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Display Time ◽  
Beef Tenderness ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation ◽  
Retail Display

AbstractTenderness is the most important characteristic of meat, determining consumer approval. There are numerous methods of its improvement, although of diverse effectiveness. addition of vitamin D3to the feed for a short period before slaughter (7–10 days) is one of the natural ways to enhance the tenderness. Vitamin D3is responsible for Ca2+mobilisation in serum and increase in activity of proteolytic enzymes belonging to calpains, which results in significant improvement of beef tenderness and reduction of ageing time. The use of vitamin D3is an application tool determining tenderness improvement of beef with substantial reduction in processing costs. Moreover, shorterpost mortemageing process will exceed the retail display time, which will consequently reduce losses due to unsold meat being returned from shops to the manufacturers. Based on the results of studies conducted over the last 15 years, this paper presents the possibility and the effects of the use of vitamin D3to improve beef tenderness.

The effect of sex on some carcass and meat quality traits in Texel ewe and ram lambs

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Craigie ◽  
N. R. Lambe ◽  
R. I. Richardson ◽  
W. Haresign ◽  
C. A. Maltin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Ram Lambs

Much of the past research into gender effects on lamb meat quality has focussed on comparing ram lambs with castrated males, but more recent comparisons between ram and ewe lambs have yielded variable results. The objective of the current research was to compare meat quality parameters of M. longissimus lumborum (LL), and M. semimembranosus (SM) from pasture-fed Texel ram (n = 94) and ewe (n = 114) lambs slaughtered at an average age of 144 days in a commercial abattoir. After aging carcasses for between 7 and 9 days, LL and SM were significantly tougher (higher shear values) for ram compared with ewe lambs (P < 0.001). LL from rams had significantly lower intramuscular fat percentage, and higher moisture content than LL from ewes. Differences in LL intramuscular fat percentage or ultimate pH did not explain the sex effect on LL shear force when tested individually or together as additional covariates in the model. Ram SM was lighter in colour (higher L*) and had a higher cooking loss than that of ewes (P < 0.001). The correlations between some of the traits within and between muscles clearly differed between the sexes. Finishing ram lambs to the specifications used in this experiment resulted in meat with relatively minor, but statistically significant differences in quality relative to that from ewe lambs.

scholarly journals Response of sour cherry cultivar `Érdi jubileum' fruits to modified atmosphere packaging after ethephon spraying

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Aryanpooya ◽  
H. G. Davarynejad
Keyword(s):  
Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
L Value ◽  
Long Storage

Sour cherries are not adapted to long storage. The largest percentage of sour cherries reaches the consumer either directly or indirectly through the tin can or the frozen pack. Different concentrations of ethephon usually are used commercially to facilitate harvesting sour cherry fruits that this hormone influences on fruit quality. The objective of this study was effect of ethephon preharvest application on sour cherry fruits quality during storage period at modified atmosphere packaging was investigated. Modified atmosphere packaging used with 10, 15 and 75 percent for 02, CO, and N2 respectively that those held at 0 °C. This gas compounds synchronous to 0 °C temperature caused to increase shelf life postharvest of fruits. Fruit samples were evaluated at harvest date and after 6 weeks in storage. Skin fruit colour, pH, total soluble solids, titrateable acidity, sugar/acid ratio, firmness were monitored. Ethephon concentration influenced on total soluble solid, titrateable acidity, sugar/acid ratio and L* value. In more case, 225 ppm ethephon's concentration has no observable different to control samples. Thus, the best ethephon's concentration was 225 ppm ethephon's concentration.

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