scholarly journals Rheology, Microstructure, and Storage Stability of Emulsion-Filled Gels Stabilized Solely by Maize Starch Modified with Octenyl Succinylation and Pregelatinization

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Myeongsu Jo ◽  
Min Jea Chang ◽  
Kelvin K. T. Goh ◽  
Choongjin Ban ◽  
Young Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Octenyl Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Stability Of Emulsion

We prepared emulsion-filled gels stabilized using octenyl succinic anhydride-modified and pregelatinized maize starch (OSA-PGS). The effect of the oil volume fraction (Φ, 0.05–0.20) and OSA-PGS concentration (3–10% w/v) on the rheological and microstructural properties of the emulsion-filled gels was evaluated. Confocal fluorescence images showed that OSA-PGS stabilized the emulsion, indicated by the formation of a thick layer surrounding the oil droplets, and simultaneously gelled the aqueous phase. All of the emulsions exhibited shear-thinning flow behavior, but only those with 10% w/v OSA-PGS were categorized as Herschel–Bulkley fluids. The rheological behavior of the emulsion-filled gels was significantly affected by both the OSA-PGS concentration and Φ. The mean diameters (D1,0, D3,2, and D4,3) of oil droplets with 10% w/v OSA-PGS were stable during 30 days of storage under ambient conditions, indicating good stability. These results provide a basis for the design of systems with potential applications within the food industry.

scholarly journals Foldable and washable textile-based OLEDs with a multi-functional near-room-temperature encapsulation layer for smart e-textiles

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
So Yeong Jeong ◽  
Hye Rin Shim ◽  
Yunha Na ◽  
Ki Suk Kang ◽  
Yongmin Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Stable Operating ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Wearable Electronic ◽  
Data Signal ◽  
Wearable Electronic Devices

AbstractWearable electronic devices are being developed because of their wide potential applications and user convenience. Among them, wearable organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) play an important role in visualizing the data signal processed in wearable electronics to humans. In this study, textile-based OLEDs were fabricated and their practical utility was demonstrated. The textile-based OLEDs exhibited a stable operating lifetime under ambient conditions, enough mechanical durability to endure the deformation by the movement of humans, and washability for maintaining its optoelectronic properties even in water condition such as rain, sweat, or washing. In this study, the main technology used to realize this textile-based OLED was multi-functional near-room-temperature encapsulation. The outstanding impermeability of TiO2 film deposited at near-room-temperature was demonstrated. The internal residual stress in the encapsulation layer was controlled, and the device was capped by highly cross-linked hydrophobic polymer film, providing a highly impermeable, mechanically flexible, and waterproof encapsulation.

A systematic computational investigations of water splitting and N2 reduction reaction performances of monolayer MBenes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwen Cheng ◽  
Jisheng Mo ◽  
Yongtao Li ◽  
Yan Song ◽  
Yumin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Energy Conversion And Storage ◽  
Metal Borides ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
And Storage

Recently, transition metal borides (MBenes, analogous to MXenes) have been attracted interest due to their potential applications in energy conversion and storage. In this work, we performed density functional theory...

Gas Carry-Under in GLCC for Separated and Recombined Outlet Configurations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Swaroop Kolla ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Swirling Flow ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Jet Impingement ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Control Configuration

Gas Carry-Under (GCU) is one of the undesirable phenomena that exists in the GLCC©1 even within the Operational Envelope (OPEN) for liquid carry-over. Few studies that are available on GLCC© GCU have been carried out when the GLCC© is operated in a metering loop configuration characterized by recombined outlets. In such configurations the gas and the liquid outlets of the GLCC are recombined downstream which acts as passive level control. However, studies have shown that the GLCC© OPEN increases significantly when active control strategies are employed. There has not been a systematic study aimed at analyzing the effect of control on the GCU in the GLCC. This study compares the previously published GLCC GCU swirling flow mechanism under recombination outlet configuration with data taken under the separated outlet configuration (control configuration). Experimental investigations for GCU are conducted in a state-of-the-art test facility for air-water and air-oil flow incorporating pressure and level control configurations. The experiments are carried out using a 3″ diameter GLCC© equipped with 3 sequential trap sections to measure simultaneously the Gas Volume Fraction (GVF) and gas evolution in the lower part of the GLCC. Also, gas trap sections are installed in the liquid leg of the GLCC© to measure simultaneously the overall GCU. The liquid level was controlled at 6″ below the GLCC© inlet for all experiments using various control strategies. Tangential wall jet impingement is the cause for entrainment of gas, thereby leading to GCU. 3 different flow mechanisms have been identified in the lower part of the GLCC and have significant effect on the GCU. Viscosity and surface tension are observed to affect the GCU. The extensive acquired data shed light on the complex flow behavior in the lower part of the GLCC© and its effect on the GCU of the GLCC©.

A New Application of Hollow Nanosilica Added to Modified Polypropylene to Prepare Nanocomposite Films

NANO ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2150117
Author(s):  
Xu Li ◽  
Ying-Jun Zhang ◽  
Chi-Hui Tsou ◽  
Yi-Hua Wen ◽  
Chin-San Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hollow Silica ◽  
Barrier Materials ◽  
Water Vapor Barrier ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Food Packaging Films ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Since the inception of research on hollow silica, the use of hollow nanosilica (HNS) as additives in barrier materials has not been reported. In this study, we evaluated the capacity of HNS as an additive in modified polypropylene (MPP). According to X-ray diffraction (XRD), the crystallinity, tensile strength, and thermal stability of MPP/HNS nanocomposite containing 0.1[Formula: see text]phr HNS approached maximum values. Moreover, the nanocomposite had the best performance in terms of water vapor barrier and oxygen resistance. The reasons for the improvement in barrier performance were discussed. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that HNS at a low content dispersed well in MPP. In conclusion, the synthesized HNS can be used as an additive in barrier materials, and it would have potential applications in the fields of food packaging films and storage containers or materials.

scholarly journals Water Flow Behavior and Storage Potential of the Semi-Arid Ephemeral River System in the Mara Basin of Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sospeter Simiyu Wekesa ◽  
Tibor Yvan Stigter ◽  
Luke O. Olang ◽  
Francis Oloo ◽  
Kelly Fouchy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
River System ◽  
Storage Potential ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Semi Arid

Investigation of Numerical Scheme and Model Combinations for CFD Simulation of a Thermosyphon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyu Wang ◽  
D. Keith Walters ◽  
Keisha B. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Saturation Temperature ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Transfer Time ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Time Relaxation ◽  
Time Step Size ◽  
Relaxation Parameters

Abstract This paper investigates the performance of a commercially available computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver (Ansys FLUENT) to predict the flow and heat transfer characteristics of a two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT). Specifically, the study compares two different discretization schemes for the volume fraction equation with different time step sizes using three different sets of mass transfer time relaxation parameters for evaporation and condensation. The present study evaluates use of the Compressive scheme to increase the time step size compared to the Geo-Reconstruct scheme. In addition, a model is proposed to adjust the global saturation temperature of the system based on the volume of the vapor phase in order to balance the mass transfer inside TPCT and more accurately represent the realistic operating conditions of a TPCT. In this study a total of nineteen simulations are performed, and two types of boundary conditions for the condenser are investigated to determine the effect on the accuracy of the simulation results. The baseline simulation uses the Geo-Reconstruct method with a fixed saturation temperature. Other additional cases are performed using the Geo-Reconstruct method with variable saturation temperature, and the Compressive method with and without variable saturation temperature using different sets of mass transfer time relaxation parameters. Results show that the case using the Compressive method with the variable saturation temperature model has good agreement with the reference experimental data and is less computationally expensive than the Geo-Reconstruct method. The 3D CFD models implemented in this study successfully predict the phase change process and flow behavior inside the TPCTs, at least in a qualitative sense.

scholarly journals Encapsulation of Electrically Conductive Apparel Fabrics: Effects on Performance

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4243
Author(s):  
Sophie Wilson ◽  
Raechel Laing ◽  
Eng Wui Tan ◽  
Cheryl Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Knit Fabrics ◽  
And Storage

Electrically conductive fabrics are achieved by functionalizing with treatments such as graphene; however, these change conventional fabric properties and the treatments are typically not durable. Encapsulation may provide a solution for this, and the present work aims to address these challenges. Next-to-skin wool and cotton knit fabrics functionalized using graphene ink were encapsulated with three poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based products. Properties known to be critical in a next-to-skin application were investigated (fabric structure, moisture transfer, electrical conductivity, exposure to transient ambient conditions, wash, abrasion, and storage). Wool and cotton fabrics performed similarly. Electrical conductivity was conferred with the graphene treatment but decreased with encapsulation. Wetting and high humidity/low temperature resulted in an increase in electrical conductivity, while decreases in electrical conductivity were evident with wash, abrasion, and storage. Each encapsulant mitigated effects of exposures but these effects differed slightly. Moisture transfer changed with graphene and encapsulants. As key performance properties of the wool and cotton fabrics following treatment with graphene and an encapsulant differed from their initial state, use as a patch integrated as part of an upper body apparel item would be acceptable.

Characterization of β-cyclodextrin Self-Aggregates for Eugenol Encapsulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Yeon Chun ◽  
Sung-Kyu You ◽  
Mi-Yeon Lee ◽  
Mi-Jung Choi ◽  
Sang-Gi Min
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Aggregation Behaviour ◽  
Induced Decomposition ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Oxidation Loss

Abstract The application of β-cyclodextrin(CD)-assisted molecular encapsulation of neutraceutical ingredients, functional food in food products, hydrophobic drugs, and volatile substances helps protect the active ingredients against oxidation, loss of volatile compounds and light-induced decomposition and increases the solubility of hydrophobic medicines. Self-assembly aggregation of CDs has been extensively investigated from the aggregation of native CDs to high-order complex aggregates. The increasing complex order of the aggregates is dependent on some parameters such as pH, temperature, time and concentration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the aggregation behaviour of β-cyclodextrin (CD)-eugenol complexes induced at shaking times on the release characteristic at various relative humidity and storage temperatures. The particle size started to increase after shaking for 8 h at 650 nm, and then, significant aggregation (1,110 nm) was observed after 24 h. The retention rate of eugenol significantly increased according to storage duration under various relative humidity and temperature conditions. Prolonged shaking time enhanced the self-aggregation of β-CD-eugenol complexes resulting in eugenol release behavior due to their effect on the aggregation mechanism, as assessed by TEM observation. The aggregation of β-CD-eugenol complexes could be attributed to the slow release of eugenol owing to the presence of a thick layer of β-CD aggregates.

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