scholarly journals Extracellular Matrix and the Production of Cultured Meat

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3116
Author(s):  
Khurshid Ahmad ◽  
Jeong-Ho Lim ◽  
Eun-Ju Lee ◽  
Hee-Jin Chun ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Cultured Meat ◽  
Tissue Scaffolding

Cultured meat production is an evolving method of producing animal meat using tissue engineering techniques. Cells, chemical factors, and suitable biomaterials that serve as scaffolds are all essential for the cultivation of muscle tissue. Scaffolding is essential for the development of organized meat products resembling steaks because it provides the mechanical stability needed by cells to attach, differentiate, and mature. In in vivo settings, extracellular matrix (ECM) ensures substrates and scaffolds are provided for cells. The ECM of skeletal muscle (SM) maintains tissue elasticity, creates adhesion points for cells, provides a three-dimensional (3D) environment, and regulates biological processes. Consequently, creating mimics of native ECM is a difficult task. Animal-derived polymers like collagen are often regarded as the gold standard for producing scaffolds with ECM-like properties. Animal-free scaffolds are being investigated as a potential source of stable, chemically defined, low-cost materials for cultured meat production. In this review, we explore the influence of ECM on myogenesis and its role as a scaffold and vital component to improve the efficacy of the culture media used to produce cultured meat.

scholarly journals Stated Preferences for Plant-Based and Cultured Meat: A Choice Experiment Study of Spanish Consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8235
Author(s):  
Alfredo J. Escribano ◽  
Maria Belen Peña ◽  
Carlos Díaz-Caro ◽  
Ahmed Elghannam ◽  
Eva Crespo-Cebada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Choice Experiment ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cultured Meat ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Negative Impacts

Meat production and consumption have been claimed to have negative impacts on the environment, and even on the consumer’s health. In this sense, alternative sources of protein, mainly meat substitutes and cultured meat, have emerged due to those perceived negative effects. Our paper carries out a choice experiment to analyze the preferences of 444 Spanish consumers and their willingness to pay for plant-based and cultured meats, as compared to conventional meat. Spain was considered of interest for this study due to its significant gastronomic culture, with high-quality meat products that make a great contribution to the economy, meaning that this could be a suitable and also challenging market in which to test alternative sources of protein. The findings show that consumers’ motivations and their interactions with these products are complex. Additionally, a cluster analysis allowed us to identify three types of consumers in terms of preference for these products: price-sensitive millennials, conscious/concerned consumers, and indifferent consumers. Only one group showed some level of acceptance of these alternative products meats.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of cattle breeds as satellite cells donors for cultured beef

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Melzener ◽  
Shijie Ding ◽  
Rui Hueber ◽  
Tobias Messmer ◽  
Guanghong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Cells ◽  
Myogenic Differentiation ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Cultured Meat ◽  
Cattle Breeds

Background: Cultured meat is a promising new field with the potential for considerable environmental and animal welfare benefits. One technological approach to cultured meat production utilises the proliferative and differentiative capacity of muscle-derived satellite cells (SCs) to produce large volumes of cultured muscle tissue from small biopsies of donor animals. Differing genotypes between cattle breeds lead to predictable phenotypic traits, resulting in breeds being favoured for their respective meat or milk production characteristics in the livestock industry. However, whilst these breeds show significant differences in muscle growth, it is unclear whether the physiological differences observed between them in vivo are reflected in differences in SC behaviour in vitro, particularly with respect to proliferation, differentiation and cellular longevity, and hence whether particular breeds might represent preferred SC donors for a cultured beef bioprocess. Results: Comparing SCs isolated from five breeds (Belgian Blue, Holstein Friesian, Galloway, Limousin and Simmental), we found that the proliferation rates were largely unaffected by the donor breed. In contrast, potentially meaningful differences were observed in the kinetics and extent of myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, whilst differentiation dropped for all breeds with increasing population doublings (PDs), SCs from Belgian Blue and Limousin cattle showed significantly longer retention of differentiation capacity over long-term passaging. Conclusion: SCs from all breeds were able to proliferate and differentiate, although Limousin and (particularly) Belgian Blue cattle, both breeds commonly used for traditional meat production, may represent preferred donors for cultured beef production.

scholarly journals Homemade Bread: Repurposing an Ancient Technology for Low Cost in vitro Tissue Engineering

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica T. Holmes ◽  
Ziba Jaberansari ◽  
William Collins ◽  
Maxime Leblanc Latour ◽  
Daniel J. Modulevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
3D Microenvironment

ABSTRACTCellular function is well known to be influenced by the physical cues and architecture of their three dimensional (3D) microenvironment. As such, numerous synthetic and naturally-occurring biomaterials have been developed to provide such architectures to support the proliferation of mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo. In recent years, our group, and others, have shown that scaffolds derived from plants can be utilized for tissue engineering applications in biomedicine and in the burgeoning cultured meat industry. Such scaffolds are straightforward to prepare, allowing researchers to take advantage of their intrinsic 3D microarchitectures. During the 2020 SARS-CoV-2 pandemic many people around the world began to rediscover the joy of preparing bread at home and as a research group, our members participated in this trend. Having observed the high porosity of the crumb (the internal portion of the bread) we were inspired to investigate whether it might support the proliferation of mammalian cells in vitro. Here, we develop and validate a yeast-free “soda bread” that maintains its mechanical stability over two weeks in culture conditions. The scaffolding is highly porous, allowing the 3D proliferation of multiple cell types relevant to both biomedical tissue engineering and the development of novel future foods. Bread derived scaffolds are highly scalable and represent a surprising new alternative to synthetic or animal-derived scaffolds for addressing a diverse variety of tissue engineering challenges.

scholarly journals Human Metabolites of Hamaforton™ (Hamamelis virginiana L. Extract) Modulates Fibroblast Extracellular Matrix Components in Response to UV-A Irradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fausta Natella ◽  
Barbara Guantario ◽  
Roberto Ambra ◽  
Giulia Ranaldi ◽  
Federica Intorre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Oral Formulation ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components

Hamamelis virginiana L. a rich source of both condensed and hydrolyzable tannins, utilized to treat dermatological disorders. Since no experimental and clinical data is available for its use as oral formulation in skin related disorders, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Hamaforton™ (Hamamelis virginiana extract) metabolites on gene dysregulation induced by ultraviolet A radiation in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. A combination of in vivo and ex vivo experimental designs has been exploited in order to take into account the polyphenol metabolic transformation that occurs in humans. 12 healthy volunteers received either a capsule of Hamaforton™ or a placebo in a randomized, blinded crossover trial. After Hamaforton™ ingestion, the kinetic of appearance of galloyl derivatives was measured in plasma. Then, in the ex vivo experiment, the serum isolated after supplementation was used as a source of Hamaforton™ metabolites to enrich the culture medium of dermal fibroblasts exposed to ultraviolet A radiation. Three different gallic acid metabolites (4-O-methyl gallic acid, 4-O-methyl gallic acid sulphate and trimethyl gallic acid glucuronide) were identified in volunteer plasma. While, ultraviolet A irradiation of dermal fibroblasts affected the expression of extracellular matrix genes, the presence of Hamaforton™ metabolites in the culture media did not affect the expression of most of those genes. However, the activation of the expression of 10 different genes involved in repair processes for the maintenance of skin integrity, suggest that the metabolites can play a role in damage recovery. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the bioavailability of Hamaforton™ phenolic compounds, and the effects of its metabolites on cultured dermal fibroblast response to ultraviolet A irradiation.

scholarly journals THE TRANSFORMATION OF PROTEIN AND DIET ENERGY INTO MEAT PRODUCTION WHEN BULLS ARE FED BY SILAGE WITH BIOLOGICAL PRESERVAT

2018 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Наталья Фисенко ◽  
Natal'y Fisenko
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Meat Productivity

The purpose of researches is increase of meat efficiency of bull-calves of black-motley breed through the use of canned green mass of alfalfa with Laxil and Silostan when harvesting haylage. The results of the evaluation of the effect of alfalfa haylage harvested with preservatives on the efficacy of bioconversion of nutrients and energy rations in meat products. Scientific and economic experience held in the SEC-farm «Alga» Chekmagushevsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan. There are three trench silage from alfalfa. In one of them the food was laid with the application of the preservative Laxil, the second – and third Silostan – no preservatives. Laxil preservative was added at the rate of 1 liter per 15 tons of green mass, Silostan – 1 liter to 150 tons. The object of research was 45 bulls of black-and-white breed at the age of 9 months, of which three groups were formed: control and two experienced. Gobies control group received silage of alfalfa harvested without preservatives, and the animals of I and II experimental groups – silage, preserved by Laxil and Silostan. For studying of meat productivity and quality of meat of test bulls control slaughter of 3 bulls from each group was carried out. The results of the study indicate the superiority of calves of the experimental group over their counterparts from the control groups both in vivo and post-slaughter parameters. The results of the evaluation of the transformation of protein and energy feed in the production of bulls compared groups when grown for meat indicate that in the body of young I and II experimental groups were deposited a little more protein compared with peers from the control group.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of the attitudes of rural and urban consumers towards cultured meat

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 1782-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Shaw ◽  
Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Sample Number ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultured Meat ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Group Interviews

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to perform a comparative analysis on the attitudes of rural and urban Irish consumers towards cultured meat. Design/methodology/approach A mixed methods exploratory sequential design was used. This involved collecting qualitative data first, through group interviews, and using the results of these to design the questionnaires for the quantitative data collection, which was analysed using SPSS 24.0 ®. Findings Urban consumers were more receptive towards cultured meat and more concerned about the environmental impact of current meat production practices. Rural consumers were more concerned about the possible damaging effect cultured meat production could have on agri-business and the livelihood of Irish farmers. The safety of the technology emerged as the biggest concern for both sets of consumers. Research limitations/implications The sample size used for the qualitative research resulted in a 95% confidence level and a confidence interval of 5.55. A larger sample number would give a tighter confidence interval and a more accurate representation of consumers’ attitudes. Practical implications This research could give guidance to food companies of how to market cultured meat products towards Irish consumers based on their concerns and their perceived benefits of the technology. Social implications This research added to previous research performed in Ireland showing that urban consumers are more receptive towards new food technologies than their rural counterparts. Originality/value This is the first paper comparing the attitudes of rural and urban Irish consumers towards cultured meat and adds to the literature on this emerging subject area.

A technique for protecting delicate specimens during processing

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 982-983
Author(s):  
R.J. Mount ◽  
R.V. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Sensory Epithelium ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Specimen Handling ◽  
Two Component

The sensory end organ of the ear, the organ of Corti, rests on a thin basilar membrane which lies between the bone of the central modiolus and the bony wall of the cochlea. In vivo, the organ of Corti is protected by the bony wall which totally surrounds it. In order to examine the sensory epithelium by scanning electron microscopy it is necessary to dissect away the protective bone and expose the region of interest (Fig. 1). This leaves the fragile organ of Corti susceptible to physical damage during subsequent handling. In our laboratory cochlear specimens, after dissection, are routinely prepared by the O-T- O-T-O technique, critical point dried and then lightly sputter coated with gold. This processing involves considerable specimen handling including several hours on a rotator during which the organ of Corti is at risk of being physically damaged. The following procedure uses low cost, readily available materials to hold the specimen during processing ,preventing physical damage while allowing an unhindered exchange of fluids.Following fixation, the cochlea is dehydrated to 70% ethanol then dissected under ethanol to prevent air drying. The holder is prepared by punching a hole in the flexible snap cap of a Wheaton vial with a paper hole punch. A small amount of two component epoxy putty is well mixed then pushed through the hole in the cap. The putty on the inner cap is formed into a “cup” to hold the specimen (Fig. 2), the putty on the outside is smoothed into a “button” to give good attachment even when the cap is flexed during handling (Fig. 3). The cap is submerged in the 70% ethanol, the bone at the base of the cochlea is seated into the cup and the sides of the cup squeezed with forceps to grip it (Fig.4). Several types of epoxy putty have been tried, most are either soluble in ethanol to some degree or do not set in ethanol. The only putty we find successful is “DUROtm MASTERMENDtm Epoxy Extra Strength Ribbon” (Loctite Corp., Cleveland, Ohio), this is a blue and yellow ribbon which is kneaded to form a green putty, it is available at many hardware stores.

Desmopressin (DDAVP) Enhances Platelet Adhesion to the Extracellular Matrix of Cultured Human Endothelial Cells through Increased Expression of Tissue Factor

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (05) ◽  
pp. 0975-0980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Gálvez ◽  
Goretti Gómez-Ortiz ◽  
Maribel Díaz-Ricart ◽  
Ginés Escolar ◽  
Rogelio González-Sarmiento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Chromogenic Assay

SummaryThe effect of desmopressin (DDAVP) on thrombogenicity, expression of tissue factor and procoagulant activity (PCA) of extracellular matrix (ECM) generated by human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultures (HUVEC), was studied under different experimental conditions. HUVEC were incubated with DDAVP (1, 5 and 30 ng/ml) and then detached from their ECM. The reactivity towards platelets of this ECM was tested in a perfusion system. Coverslips covered with DD A VP-treated ECMs were inserted in a parallel-plate chamber and exposed to normal blood anticoagulated with low molecular weight heparin (Fragmin®, 20 U/ml). Perfusions were run for 5 min at a shear rate of 800 s1. Deposition of platelets on ECMs was significantly increased with respect to control ECMs when DDAVP was used at 5 and 30 ng/ml (p <0.05 and p <0.01 respectively). The increase in platelet deposition was prevented by incubation of ECMs with an antibody against human tissue factor prior to perfusion. Immunofluorescence studies positively detected tissue factor antigen on DDAVP derived ECMs. A chromogenic assay performed under standardized conditions revealed a statistically significant increase in the procoagulant activity of the ECMs produced by ECs incubated with 30 ng/ml DDAVP (p <0.01 vs. control samples). Northern blot analysis revealed increased levels of tissue factor mRNA in extracts from ECs exposed to DDAVP. Our data indicate that DDAVP in vitro enhances platelet adhesion to the ECMs through increased expression of tissue factor. A similar increase in the expression of tissue factor might contribute to the in vivo hemostatic effect of DDAVP.

Closure of Fetoscopic Access Sites with Amniotic Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds in an In Vivo Model

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ochsenbein-Kölble ◽  
J Jani ◽  
G Verbist ◽  
L Lewi ◽  
K Marquardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Scaffolds

Ukraine’s foreign trade in meat and meat products: trends and geographical aspects

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Olena Lyakhovska
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
World Market ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Geographical Structure

Current trends in meat and meat products exports are considered. The dynamics and structural changes in meat exports by types and degree of processing (beef and veal, pork, poultry, finished meat products) are analyzed. The paper proves that in recent years, only meat and edible poultry by-products have taken a competitive position in the world market. Accordingly, the dynamics of exports of this type of meat is positive, and the share of these products in the structure of exported meat is the largest (86.09%). Possible threats to the growth of import dependence on certain types of meat products, in particular, chilled and frozen beef and veal, pork, are indicated. The rating of the largest countries-importers of meat and meat products (by types) from Ukraine is built, their share in the structure of meat exports is determined. Changes in the geographical structure of exports have been studied, which indicate a low level of diversification of the geography of exports of certain types of meat (pork, beef). At the same time, a positive development of the geographical structure of poultry meat exports (exported to more than 100 countries) was revealed. Problems of the export potential development in the meat industry of Ukraine are revealed. In particular, the problems of livestock development (outdated technologies and production techniques that reduce the efficiency and productivity; inefficiency of the organization of purchase and processing of meat, which leads to reduced breeding in small businesses and households; inefficiency of state incentives, etc.) and industrial meat production (lack of raw materials, obsolescence of fixed assets and production technologies, poorly developed logistics, etc.). The solution of these problems requires: a systematic approach, which will encourage the cooperation of agricultural and industrial production, cooperation with importers of meat products and protection of domestic producers in the domestic and international markets, creating a favorable investment and information environment that will promote the meat industry development.

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