scholarly journals Fat Tail in the Phytoplankton Movement Patterns and Swimming Behavior: New Insights into the Prey-Predator Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Xi Xiao ◽  
Caicai Xu ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Junyu He ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Swimming Behavior ◽  
Fat Tails ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Oxyrrhis Marina ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Path Curvature ◽  
Log Normal

Phytoplankton movement patterns and swimming behavior are important and basic topics in aquatic biology. Heavy tail distribution exists in diverse taxa and shows theoretical advantages in environments. The fat tails in the movement patterns and swimming behavior of phytoplankton in response to the food supply were studied. The log-normal distribution was used for fitting the probability density values of the movement data of Oxyrrhis marina. Results showed that obvious fat tails exist in the movement patterns of O. marina without and with positive stimulations of food supply. The algal cells tended to show a more chaotic and disorderly movement, with shorter and neat steps after adding the food source. At the same time, the randomness of turning rate, path curvature and swimming speed increased in O. marina cells with food supply. Generally, the responses of phytoplankton movement were stronger when supplied with direct prey cells rather than the cell-free filtrate. The scale-free random movements are considered to benefit the adaption of the entire phytoplankton population to varied environmental conditions. Inferentially, the movement pattern of O. marina should also have the characteristics of long-range dependence, local self-similarity and a system of fractional order.

scholarly journals Evidence for a pervasive ‘idling-mode’ activity template in flying and pedestrian insects

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 150085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Reynolds ◽  
Hayley B. C. Jones ◽  
Jane K. Hill ◽  
Aislinn J. Pearson ◽  
Kenneth Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Movement Ecology ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Flight Mills ◽  
Innate Behaviour ◽  
Multiple Species

Understanding the complex movement patterns of animals in natural environments is a key objective of ‘movement ecology’. Complexity results from behavioural responses to external stimuli but can also arise spontaneously in their absence. Drawing on theoretical arguments about decision-making circuitry, we predict that the spontaneous patterns will be scale-free and universal, being independent of taxon and mode of locomotion. To test this hypothesis, we examined the activity patterns of the European honeybee, and multiple species of noctuid moth, tethered to flight mills and exposed to minimal external cues. We also reanalysed pre-existing data for Drosophila flies walking in featureless environments. Across these species, we found evidence of common scale-invariant properties in their movement patterns; pause and movement durations were typically power law distributed over a range of scales and characterized by exponents close to 3/2. Our analyses are suggestive of the presence of a pervasive scale-invariant template for locomotion which, when acted on by environmental cues, produces the movements with characteristic scales observed in nature. Our results indicate that scale-finite complexity as embodied, for instance, in correlated random walk models, may be the result of environmental cues overriding innate behaviour, and that scale-free movements may be intrinsic and not limited to ‘blind’ foragers as previously thought.

What is the Biomechanical Principle of Forehand Smash in Badminton? - Article Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Gilang Estina Putra ◽  
Ria Lumintuarso
Keyword(s):  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Good Movement

SummaryThe pattern of human movement is strongly influenced by biomotor conditions, age development will affect the level of biomotor maturity. Forehand smash is one of the techniques that every badminton athlete must master well. To do this stroke well, a good movement pattern is needed, biomotor maturity which in this study is related to the age of the athlete. So that the development of age will cause differences in movement patterns which in this study analyzes the forehand smash movement patterns in badminton based on age. It is known that the most efficient badminton technique for gaining points in badminton is the smash. The smash-hit is more likely to produce a fast shuttle lock rate performed using the forehand smash technique. So that in this study the writer will analyze a technique in badminton, namely the forehand smash technique. These findings contribute to future research on the biomechanical analysis of forehand smash motion in badminton.

scholarly journals Movement Patterns of Wintering Grassland Sparrows in Arizona

The Auk ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 748-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb E. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Mobile Species ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract I used mark-recapture analysis and radio telemetry to characterize winter movement patterns of six grassland sparrows in southeastern Arizona. Mark-recapture data were generated by banding birds captured during repeated flush-netting sessions conducted on a series of 7-ha plots over three consecutive winters. This resulted in 2,641 captures of 2,006 individual sparrows of the six species. Radio telemetry was conducted concurrently on 20 individuals of four of these species. Recapture data and radio telemetry indicated that Cassin's Sparrow (Aimophila cassinii) and Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) were the most sedentary, followed by Baird's Sparrow (Ammodramus bairdii), Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus), Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis), and Brewer's Sparrow (Spizella breweri). Grasshopper, Baird's, Savannah, and Vesper sparrows tended to remain within fixed home ranges during winter. With the exception of Savannah Sparrows, whose movement behavior varied among study sites, movement patterns remained constant within species across years and study sites despite radical fluctuations in the absolute and relative abundances of all species. Interspecific differences in movement pattern suggest that species in this system partition niche space according to the regional-coexistence mechanism. Abundances of the most sedentary species, Cassin's, Grasshopper, and Baird's sparrows, were poorly or negatively correlated with summer rainfall at the between-year landscape scale, whereas abundances of the more mobile Savannah, Vesper, and Brewer's sparrows were strongly positively correlated. This is consistent with the theoretical prediction that movement constrains large-scale habitat selection, favoring mobile species in fragmented environments.

scholarly journals Location-Based Tracking Data and Customer Movement Pattern Analysis Using for Sustainable Fashion Business

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghyuk Kim ◽  
Hyunwoo Hwangbo ◽  
Sung Jun Kim ◽  
Soyean Kim
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Discrete Location ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stay Time ◽  
Visual Merchandising

Retailers need accurate movement pattern analysis of human-tracking data to maximize the space performance of their stores and to improve the sustainability of their business. However, researchers struggle to precisely measure customers’ movement patterns and their relationships with sales. In this research, we adopt indoor positioning technology, including wireless sensor devices and fingerprinting techniques, to track customers’ movement patterns in a fashion retail store over four months. Specifically, we conducted three field experiments in three different timeframes. In each experiment, we rearranged one element of the visual merchandising display (VMD) to track and compare customer movement patterns before and after the rearrangement. For the analysis, we connected customers’ discrete location data to identify meaningful patterns in customers’ movements. We also used customers’ location and time information to match identified movement pattern data with sales data. After classifying individuals’ movements by time and sequences, we found that stay time in a particular zone had a greater impact on sales than the total stay time in the store. These results challenge previous findings in the literature that suggest that the longer customers stayed in a store, the more they purchase. Further, the results confirmed that effective store rearrangement could change not only customer movement patterns but also overall sales of store zones. This research can be a foundation for various practical applications of tracking data technologies.

scholarly journals How do urban mobility (geo)graph’s topological properties fill a map?

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bacelar Lima Santos ◽  
Luiz Max Carvalho ◽  
Wilson Seron ◽  
Flávio C. Coelho ◽  
Elbert E. Macau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Topological Properties ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Open Source Gis ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Flow Threshold

Abstract Urban mobility data are important to areas ranging from traffic engineering to the analysis of outbreaks and disasters. In this paper, we study mobility data from a major Brazilian city from a geographical viewpoint using a Complex Network approach. The case study is based on intra-urban mobility data from the Metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), presenting more than 480 spatial network nodes. While for the mobility flow data a log-normal distribution outperformed the power law, we also found moderate evidence for scale-free and small word effects in the flow network’s degree distribution. We employ a novel open-source GIS tool to display (geo)graph’s topological properties in maps and observe a strong traffic-topology association and also a fine adjustment for hubs location for different flow threshold networks. In the central commercial area for lower thresholds and in high population residential areas for higher thresholds. This set of results, including statistical, topological and geographical analysis may represent an important tool for policymakers and stakeholders in the urban planning area, especially by the identification of zones with few but strong links in a real data-driven mobility network.

A multistate mark–recapture approach to characterize stream fish movement at multiple spatial scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1090-1100
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Kanno ◽  
Naoki Yui ◽  
Wataru Mamiya ◽  
Rei Sakai ◽  
Yuri Yabuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Multiple Spatial Scales ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Salvelinus Leucomaenis ◽  
Long Distance Movement

We studied movement of a native salmonid, white-spotted char (Salvelinus leucomaenis), in a 1-km tributary in northern Hokkaido, Japan, in May–July 2018. Based on physical mark–recapture of 501 unique individuals and detection by mobile PIT antenna over monthly intervals, a majority of fish (70%–80%) stayed within 60 m of previously released locations, demonstrating what appeared to be restricted movement patterns. However, fixed PIT antenna data showed that as much as 17% of marked individuals emigrated from the study area during the 2-month study period. Probability of emigration did not depend on where in the 1-km segment individuals had been released, indicating that emigration likely represented long-distance movement. Once emigrants made a decision to emigrate, they left the tributary within 1–3 median days by moving downstream in a unidirectional manner, based on detections at a total of three antenna arrays deployed throughout the tributary. Our multiscale analysis provided strong support for co-existence of short- and long-distance movement patterns, and we conclude that movement data at multiple spatial scales complement each other to characterize population-scale movement.

scholarly journals How superdiffusion gets arrested: ecological encounters explain shift from Lévy to Brownian movement

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1774) ◽  
pp. 20132605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique de Jager ◽  
Frederic Bartumeus ◽  
Andrea Kölzsch ◽  
Franz J. Weissing ◽  
Geerten M. Hengeveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Dependent Change ◽  
Movement Strategy

Ecological theory uses Brownian motion as a default template for describing ecological movement, despite limited mechanistic underpinning. The generality of Brownian motion has recently been challenged by empirical studies that highlight alternative movement patterns of animals, especially when foraging in resource-poor environments. Yet, empirical studies reveal animals moving in a Brownian fashion when resources are abundant. We demonstrate that Einstein's original theory of collision-induced Brownian motion in physics provides a parsimonious, mechanistic explanation for these observations. Here, Brownian motion results from frequent encounters between organisms in dense environments. In density-controlled experiments, movement patterns of mussels shifted from Lévy towards Brownian motion with increasing density. When the analysis was restricted to moves not truncated by encounters, this shift did not occur. Using a theoretical argument, we explain that any movement pattern approximates Brownian motion at high-resource densities, provided that movement is interrupted upon encounters. Hence, the observed shift to Brownian motion does not indicate a density-dependent change in movement strategy but rather results from frequent collisions. Our results emphasize the need for a more mechanistic use of Brownian motion in ecology, highlighting that especially in rich environments, Brownian motion emerges from ecological interactions, rather than being a default movement pattern.

scholarly journals Ankle Dorsiflexion Among Healthy Men With Different Qualities of Lower Extremity Movement

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 617-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alon Rabin ◽  
Zvi Kozol ◽  
Elad Spitzer ◽  
Aharon Finestone
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Of Movement ◽  
Step Down

Context: Lower extremity movement patterns have been implicated as a risk factor for various knee disorders. Ankle-dorsiflexion (DF) range of motion (ROM) has previously been associated with a faulty movement pattern among healthy female participants. Objective: To determine the association between ankle DF ROM and the quality of lower extremity movement during the lateral step-down test among healthy male participants. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Training facility of the Israel Defense Forces. Patients or Other Participants: Fifty-five healthy male Israeli military recruits (age = 19.7 ± 1.1 years, height = 175.4 ± 6.4 cm, mass = 72.0 ± 7.6 kg). Intervention(s): Dorsiflexion ROM was measured in weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing conditions using a fluid-filled inclinometer and a universal goniometer, respectively. Lower extremity movement pattern was assessed visually using the lateral step-down test and classified categorically as good or moderate. All measurements were performed bilaterally. Main Outcome Measure(s): Weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing DF ROM were more limited among participants with moderate quality of movement than in those with good quality of movement on the dominant side (P = .01 and P = .02 for weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing DF, respectively). Non–weight-bearing DF demonstrated a trend toward a decreased range among participants with moderate compared with participants with good quality of movement on the nondominant side (P = .03 [adjusted P = .025]). Weight-bearing DF was not different between participants with good and moderate movement patterns on the nondominant side (P = .10). Weight-bearing and non–weight-bearing ankle DF ROM correlated significantly with the quality of movement on both sides (P < .01 and P < .05 on the dominant and nondominant side, respectively). Conclusions: Ankle DF ROM was associated with quality of movement among healthy male participants. The association seemed weaker in males than in females.

Pattern Recognition of Overhead Forehand and Backhand in Badminton Based on the Sign of Local Euler Angle

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilhamdi Rusydi ◽  
Syamsul Huda ◽  
Febdian Rusydi ◽  
Muhammad Hadi Sucipto ◽  
Minoru Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Euler Angle ◽  
New Method ◽  
Motion Sensor ◽  
Movement Parameter

<p>Studying the badminton skill based on the arm movement is a challenge since the limitation of the sensor such as camera to record the movement parameter. This study proposed a new method to determine the pattern of arm movement for forehand and backhand strokes in badminton based on the sign of the local Euler angle gradient from four points of right arm segments. Each segments was identified by motion sensor attached to the dorsal surface of the hand (sensor 1), wrist (sensor 2), elbow (sensor 3) and shoulder (sensor 4). Three certified coaches participated in this research to determine the arm movement patterns for forehand and backhand strokes. Skills in forehand and backhand strokes from eight professional players and eight amateur players were observed to determint the pattern. The resulst showed that the local Euler angle can be used to recognize the arm movement pattern. Based on the observed patterns, the professional players had a higher similarity to the coaches’ patterns than those amateur players to the coaches’.</p>

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