Retrospective Analysis of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Uropathogens Isolated from Pediatric Patients in Tertiary Hospital at Al-Baha Region, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Prompt diagnosis and initiation of treatment are essential in preventing long-term renal scarring. However, increasing antibiotic resistance may delay the initiation of appropriate therapy. Methodology: A retrospective chart review was performed for patients admitted to the pediatric department with urinary tract infection (UTI) diagnosis in a large tertiary care hospital in Al Baha, Saudi Arabia, from May 2017 to April 2018. The study included children of both sexes under the age of 14 years. Results: Out of 118 urinary bacterial samples, Escherichia coli was the main etiologic agent in the community- and hospital-acquired infections. The infection rate was higher in girls (68.64%) than in boys (31.36%). The commonest isolates were Escherichia coli (44.07%), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (11.86%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.32%), Enterococcus faecalis (7.63%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.24%), and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (3.39%). The current study demonstrates that nitrofurantoin (19%) was the most commonly prescribed medication in the inpatient and outpatient departments, followed by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (16%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (15%), cefuroxime (10%), azithromycin (8%), ceftriaxone (7%), and ciprofloxacin (4%), while amikacin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefepime, imipenem, phenoxymethylpenicillin were prescribed less commonly due to the high resistance rate. Conclusion: The microbial culture and sensitivity of the isolates from urine samples should be routine before starting antimicrobial therapy. Current knowledge of the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of uropathogens in specific geographical locations is essential for choosing an appropriate empirical antimicrobial treatment rather than reliance on recommended guidelines.

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Frequency and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Obtained from Patients with Acute Diarrhea in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bangladesh

Community Based Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/cbmj.v2i2.16698 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 46-51

Author(s):

MR Kabir ◽

MA Hossain ◽

MM Alam ◽

SK Paul ◽

Z Begum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Nalidixic Acid ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Acute Diarrhea ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Etiologic Agent ◽

Care Hospital ◽

E Coli ◽

Diffusion Technique ◽

Stool Specimens

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an important group of pathogens associated with diarrhea among children. Despite the fact that diarrhaegenic Escherichia coli (DEC) has been identified as a major etiologic agent of childhood diarrhea, only a few studies have been performed in Bangladesh to identify these organisms. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of DEC obtained from patients with acute diarrhea. To detect DEC in patients with acute diarrhea, a total of 300 stool specimens were tested by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The antimicrobial susceptibility of DEC were tested by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique as per recommendation of CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute), 2010. Out of 300 stool specimens collected from patients with acute diarrhea, the DEC was detected in 18% (54/300) cases. The dominating strain was Enterotoxigenic E. coli ( ETEC) (13%, 39/300), followed by Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (5%, 15/300) and no Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), Enteroinvasive E. coli ( EIEC) and Enteropathogenic E. coli ( EPEC) could be detected. Detected ETEC were 100% sensitive to Ceftriaxone, Nitrofurantioin, Amikacin, 94% sensitive to Nalidixic acid, 89% sensitive to Gentamycin, 83% sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, 79% sensitive to Cephalexin, 39% sensitive to Amoxycillin, 46% sensitive to Tetracyclin and 31% sensitive to Cotrimoxazole. Detected EAEC were 100% sensitive to Ceftriaxone, Nitrofurantioin, Amikacin, Nalidixic acid, 90% sensitive to Gentamycin and Ciprofloxacin, 85% sensitive to Cephalexin, 41% sensitive to Amoxycillin, 49% sensitive to Tetracycline and 31% sensitive to Cotrimoxazole. Both ETEC and EAEC isolates exhibited decreased susceptibility for Amoxycillin, Tetracycline and Cotrimoxazole. Our results revealed that ETEC and EAEC, had significant association with acute diarrhea and should be considered as potential pathogens. Guidelines for appropriate use of antibiotics in tertiary care hospitals need updating. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v2i2.16698 Community Based Medical Journal 2013 July: Vol.02 No 02: 46-51

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Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Annals of Saudi Medicine ◽

10.5144/0256-4947.2015.435 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 435-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ali M. Somily ◽

Muhammad Z. Arshad ◽

Ghada A. Garaween ◽

Abiola C. Senok

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Genotypic Characterization ◽

Phenotypic And Genotypic Characterization

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Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽

10.1016/j.vacun.2020.04.004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 95-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y.M. AlGoraini ◽

N.N. AlDujayn ◽

M.A. AlRasheed ◽

Y.E. Bashawri ◽

S.S. Alsubaie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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The prevalence of the iutA and ibeA genes in Escherichia coli isolates from severe and non-severe patients with bacteremic acute biliary tract infection is significantly different

Gut Pathogens ◽

10.1186/s13099-021-00429-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mahoko Ikeda ◽

Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽

Fumie Fujimoto ◽

Yuta Okada ◽

Yoshimi Higurashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Biliary Tract ◽

Iron Acquisition ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Biliary Tract Infection ◽

E Coli ◽

Severe Group ◽

Tract Infections

Abstract Background Although Escherichia coli is the most frequently isolated microorganism in acute biliary tract infections with bacteremia, data regarding its virulence are limited. Results Information on cases of bacteremia in acute biliary tract infection in a retrospective study was collected from 2013 to 2015 at a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Factors related to the severity of infection were investigated, including patient background, phylogenetic typing, and virulence factors of E. coli, such as adhesion, invasion, toxins, and iron acquisition. In total, 72 E. coli strains were identified in 71 cases, most of which primarily belonged to the B2 phylogroup (68.1%). The presence of the iutA gene (77.3% in the non-severe group, 46.4% in the severe group, P = 0.011) and the ibeA gene (9.1% in the non-severe group, and 35.7% in the severe group, P = 0.012) was significantly associated with the severity of infection. Among the patient characteristics, diabetes mellitus with organ involvement and alkaline phosphatase were different in the severe and non-severe groups. Conclusions We showed that bacteremic E. coli strains from acute biliary tract infections belonged to the virulent (B2) phylogroup. The prevalence of the iutA and ibeA genes between the two groups of bacteremia severity was significantly different.

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In Vitro activity of a Novel Benzoquinolizine Antibiotic, Levonadifloxacin (WCK 771) against Blood Stream Gram-Positive Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1720944 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (03) ◽

pp. 230-232

Author(s):

Dhruv Mamtora ◽

Sanjith Saseedharan ◽

Ritika Rampal ◽

Prashant Joshi ◽

Pallavi Bhalekar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Blood Stream ◽

Tolerability Profile ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Methicillin Resistant

Abstract Background Blood stream infections (BSIs) due to Gram-positive pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are associated with high mortality ranging from 10 to 60%. The current anti-MRSA agents have limitations with regards to safety and tolerability profile which limits their prolonged usage. Levonadifloxacin and its oral prodrug alalevonadifloxacin, a novel benzoquinolizine antibiotic, have recently been approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections including diabetic foot infections and concurrent bacteremia in India. Methods The present study assessed the potency of levonadifloxacin, a novel benzoquinolizine antibiotic, against Gram-positive blood stream clinical isolates (n = 31) collected from January to June 2019 at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India. The susceptibility of isolates to antibacterial agents was defined following the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute interpretive criteria (M100 E29). Results High prevalence of MRSA (62.5%), quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (QRSA) (87.5%), and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) (82.35%) were observed among bacteremic isolates. Levonadifloxacin demonstrated potent activity against MRSA, QRSA, and MR-CoNS strains with significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentration MIC50/90 values of 0.5/1 mg/L as compared with levofloxacin (8/32 mg/L) and moxifloxacin (2/8 mg/L). Conclusion Potent bactericidal activity coupled with low MICs support usage of levonadifloxacin for the management of BSIs caused by multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.

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Characteristics of neonatal Sepsis at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia

Journal of Infection and Public Health ◽

10.1016/j.jiph.2019.03.007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 666-672 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Abdulrahman Al-Matary ◽

Humariya Heena ◽

Ayah S. AlSarheed ◽

Wafa Ouda ◽

Dayel A. AlShahrani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital

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Influenza vaccine uptake, determinants, motivators, and barriers of the vaccine receipt among healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia

Journal of Hospital Infection ◽

10.1016/j.jhin.2017.02.005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 268-275 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

H.K. Haridi ◽

K.A. Salman ◽

E.A. Basaif ◽

D.K. Al-Skaibi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Influenza Vaccine ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Care Hospital

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Diagnostic importance of platelet parameters in patients with acute coronary syndrome admitted to a tertiary care hospital in southwest region, Saudi Arabia

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association ◽

10.1016/j.jsha.2011.08.004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 17-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Abdullah S. Assiri ◽

Abdul-moneim Jamil ◽

Ahmed A. Mahfouz ◽

Zizi S. Mahmoud ◽

Mohamed Ghallab

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Southwest Region ◽

Diagnostic Importance

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Diversity of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec structures in coagulase-negative staphylococci and relationship to drug resistance

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.015800-0 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 323-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Elvira Garza-González ◽

Daniel López ◽

Cesar Pezina ◽

Walter Muruet ◽

Virgilio Bocanegra-García ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Tracheal Aspirate ◽

Type I ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Type Iii ◽

Broth Microdilution Method ◽

Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome

The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) elements in meticillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) isolated from a tertiary-care hospital in Mexico and to examine the relationship to drug resistance. Fifty selected MR-CoNS isolates collected from catheters (n=15), blood (n=15), bone (n=9), bronchial lavage (n=2) and urine (n=2) and one isolate each from an abscess, cerebrospinal fluid, eye, pleural effusion, synovial fluid, tracheal aspirate and wound secretion were examined. Susceptibility testing was performed by the broth microdilution method. SCCmec types were determined by multiplex PCR and PFGE was carried out as described previously for Staphylococcus aureus. Among the MR-CoNS strains studied, the most frequently isolated species were Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=26) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (n=13). Staphylococcus cohnii (n=5), Staphylococcus hominis (n=3), Staphylococcus sciuri (n=1), Staphylococcus pasteuri (n=1) and the recently described species Staphylococcus pettenkoferi (n=1) were also identified. The most frequent MR-CoNS genotype identified was SCCmec type IVa in S. epidermidis isolates, which also showed a high diversity in their PFGE patterns. A clone was found that amplified both SCCmec III and V elements in five isolates examined. The single MR S. pettenkoferi isolate harboured SCCmec type IVd and the single MR S. pasteuri isolate harboured SCCmec type I. The carriage of SCCmec type III was associated with resistance or intermediate resistance to meropenem (P <0.05). These results confirm the high prevalence of S. epidermidis SCCmec IVa and the high genetic diversity among MR-CoNS strains. As far as is known, this is the first report describing the newly identified S. pettenkoferi possessing SCCmec IVd and S. pasteuri harbouring SCCmec type I. MR-CoNS harbouring SCCmec type III were found to be more resistant to meropenem.

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