scholarly journals Macroelements and Microelements in the Soil and Their Relationship with the Content of Steviol Glucosides in Stevia rebaudiana Bert from Five Regions of Colombia

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Enrique Combatt Caballero ◽  
Jaime Hernández Burgos ◽  
Alfredo Jarma-Orozco ◽  
Juan Jaraba Navas ◽  
Luis Rodríguez Páez
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Leaf Yield

This study was conducted to determine the effect of edaphic environmental conditions in the concentration of principal steviol glycosides and Stevia rebaudiana Bert yield, utilizing leaves from five Colombian regions. The structure of the experiment was a randomized complete block design with two treatments in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement (5 locations × 2 radiation levels). In each experimental unit (UE), five healthy plants of similar physiological growth age were selected for the extraction of total glycosides (GT), stevioside (Stv), rebaudioside A (Rb-A),and leaf yield. Results were analyzed with the SAS statistical package (version 9.1). Concentrations of total glycosides and rebaudioside A showed a positive effect with the increase of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), and copper (Cu). Therefore, they are important in the available phase of the soil to obtain an increase in these glycosides. Meanwhile, boron (B) presented a negative correlation under these conditions. For the production of stevioside, N, Mg, manganese (Mn) had a positive correlation, and calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) had a negative correlation. Similarly, for leaf yields by locality, it was found that N, Ca, Mg, and B have a positive correlation with leaf production, while Mg, Mn, and iron (Fe) negatively correlate with biomass gain.The cultivation of stevia can be established in different soil conditions, precipitation and solar radiation in Colombia. Therefore, it is necessary to advance fertilization plans with these nutrients, considering the response of these metabolites to their application.

scholarly journals Soil Water Tension Irrigation Criteria Affects Stevia rebaudiana Leaf Yield and Leaf Steviol Glycoside Composition

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Parris ◽  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Michael Qian
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Steviol Glycoside ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Water Tension

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is of interest for the production of steviol glycosides due to their noncaloric sweetening properties. Commercial stevia leaf production to date has focused on rebaudioside A and stevioside. Relatively little is known about the cultural practices necessary for the efficient production of stevia leaf and steviol glycosides. Irrigation management is an important agronomic technique that growers can use to obtain high yield while also pursuing water use efficiency (WUE). This trial investigated the effect that irrigation onset criteria measured as soil water tension (SWT) had on dry stevia leaf yields, steviol glycoside content and yield, and steviol glycoside ratios. Two stevia cultivars, SW 107 and SW 129 (S&W Seed Company Inc., Fresno, CA), were subjected to SWT irrigation criteria of 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 kPa over a 57-day trial period at the Oregon State University (OSU) Malheur Experiment Station, Ontario, OR. Harvested plant material was evaluated for dry leaf yield and content of several steviol glycosides. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant cultivar differences in leaf yield, leaf stevioside and rebaudioside A content and yield, and steviol glycoside ratios (P = 0.05). Examining the data by ANOVA, dry leaf yield, stevioside percent, rebaudioside C percent, total steviol glycoside (TSG) percent, rebaudioside C yield, and TSG yield were significantly greater among the wetter (closer to 10 kPa) compared with the drier (closer to 80 kPa) SWT criteria treatments, yet a preferred treatment regime was not clearly evident. When comparing cultivars by regression analysis, there was a highly significant decrease in the stevioside content, and an increase in the ratio of rebaudioside A to stevioside from wetter to drier irrigation onset criteria (due to lower stevioside), whereas the rebaudioside A content did not respond significantly to differing irrigation criteria. Increasing dry leaf productivity with wetter irrigation criteria (closer to 10 kPa), directly increased the total rebaudioside A yield also, which in turn could provide increased crop value to the grower. Irrigating near 10 kPa produced higher dry leaf yield and total rebaudioside A yield, than irrigating at drier criteria.

scholarly journals Dry Leaf and Steviol Glycoside Productivity of Stevia rebaudiana in the Western United States

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 1220-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Parris ◽  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Michael Qian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
The United States ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Steviol Glycoside ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Harvest Strategy

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a perennial herbaceous plant native to Paraguay, where it was used by the native Guarani peoples for centuries. Although steviol glycosides from stevia are powerful natural noncaloric sweeteners, stevia has been cultivated and commercially available only for the past 50 years. Cultural practices are still in development, and productivity potential in the United States is largely unknown. Currently commercial growers and processors worldwide are seeking to maximize the productivity of rebaudioside A, a steviol glycoside. The trials reported here examined the effects of location, harvest strategy, and cultivar on stevia dry leaf yield, steviol glycoside content, and steviol glycoside yield. Six or seven stevia cultivars were grown for ≈5 months at four western U.S. locations, with an irrigation criterion of 20 kPa. Stevia at every location was subjected to two harvest strategies: either one harvest at the end of the season or two harvests, one midseason and another at the end of the season. The main plots at each location were the stevia cultivars, and the split plots were the harvest strategies in a randomized complete block, split-plot design with four replicates. Dry leaf yield, leaf steviol glycoside content, and leaf steviol glycoside yield varied by cultivar, location, and cultivar by location, but not by harvest strategy or interactions of harvest strategy with location or cultivar. Dry leaf yield averaged 4.12 Mg·ha−1 with significant differences by cultivar and location. One of the steviol glycosides, rebaudioside A yield averaged 300 kg·ha−1 with significant differences by cultivar and by interactions of location with cultivar. Leaf productivity was greater at Ontario, OR, than at Hanford, CA, Indio, CA, or Yuma, AZ. Dry leaf yield greater than 7 Mg·ha−1 and rebaudioside A yields greater than 500 kg·ha−1 were observed at Ontario. Stevia perenniated at Hanford and Indio, providing the option of multiyear harvests from a single planting.

scholarly journals Salt Stress Mitigation via the Foliar Application of Chitosan-Functionalized Selenium and Anatase Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 4090
Author(s):  
Morteza Sheikhalipour ◽  
Behrooz Esmaielpour ◽  
Gholamreza Gohari ◽  
Maryam Haghighi ◽  
Hessam Jafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

High salt levels are one of the significant and major limiting factors on crop yield and productivity. Out of the available attempts made against high salt levels, engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely employed and considered as effective strategies in this regard. Of these NPs, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and selenium functionalized using chitosan nanoparticles (Cs–Se NPs) were applied for a quite number of plants, but their potential roles for alleviating the adverse effects of salinity on stevia remains unclear. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is one of the reputed medicinal plants due to their diterpenoid steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside A). For this reason, the current study was designed to investigate the potential of TiO2 NPs (0, 100 and 200 mg L−1) and Cs–Se NPs (0, 10 and 20 mg L−1) to alleviate salt stress (0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl) in stevia. The findings of the study revealed that salinity decreased the growth and photosynthetic traits but resulted in substantial cell damage through increasing H2O2 and MDA content, as well as electrolyte leakage (EL). However, the application of TiO2 NPs (100 mg L−1) and Cs–Se NPs (20 mg L−1) increased the growth, photosynthetic performance and activity of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased the contents of H2O2, MDA and EL under the saline conditions. In addition to the enhanced growth and physiological performance of the plant, the essential oil content was also increased with the treatments of TiO2 (100 mg L−1) and Cs–Se NPs (20 mg L−1). In addition, the tested NPs treatments increased the concentration of stevioside (in the non-saline condition and under salinity stress) and rebaudioside A (under the salinity conditions) in stevia plants. Overall, the current findings suggest that especially 100 mg L−1 TiO2 NPs and 20 mg L−1 Cs–Se could be considered as promising agents in combating high levels of salinity in the case of stevia.

scholarly journals Effect of different drying methods on the composition of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Irma Aranda-González ◽  
David Betancur-Ancona ◽  
Luis Chel-Guerrero ◽  
Yolanda Moguel-Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Rebaudioside D

Abstract Drying techniques can modify the composition of certain plant compounds. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the effect of different drying methods on steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves. Four different drying methods were applied to Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves, which were then subjected to aqueous extraction. Radiation or convection drying was performed in stoves at 60°C, whereas shade or sun drying methods were applied at 29.7°C and 70% of relative humidity. Stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, dulcoside A, and steviolbioside were quantified by a validated HPLC method. Among steviol glycosides, the content (g 100 g−1 dry basis) of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside B, and rebaudioside C varied according to the drying method. The total glycoside content was higher in sun-dried samples, with no significant differences compared to shade or convection drying, whereas radiation drying adversely affected the content of rebaudioside A and rebaudioside C (p <0.01) and was therefore a method lowering total glycoside content. The effect of the different drying methods was also reflected in the proportion of the sweetener profile. Convection drying could be suitable for modern food processing industries while shadow or sun drying may be a low-cost alternative for farmers.

scholarly journals Glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Possess Insulin-Mimetic and Antioxidant Activities in Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Prata ◽  
Laura Zambonin ◽  
Benedetta Rizzo ◽  
Tullia Maraldi ◽  
Cristina Angeloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Insulin Effect ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Insulin Mimetic

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a shrub having a high content of sweet diterpenoid glycosides in its leaves, mainly stevioside and rebaudioside A, which are used as noncaloric, natural sweeteners. The aim of this study was to deepen the knowledge about the insulin-mimetic effect exerted by four different mixtures of steviol glycosides, rich in stevioside and rebaudioside A, in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts. The potential antioxidant activity of these steviol glycosides was also assessed, as oxidative stress is associated with diabetes. Likewise the insulin effect, steviol glycosides caused an increase in glucose uptake into rat fibroblasts by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, thus inducing Glut4 translocation to the plasma membrane. The presence of S961, an insulin antagonist, completely abolished these effects, allowing to hypothesize that steviol glycosides could act as ligands of the same receptor engaged by insulin. Moreover, steviol glycosides counteracted oxidative stress by increasing reduced glutathione intracellular levels and upregulating expression and activity of the two antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. The present work unravels the insulin-mimetic effect and the antioxidant property exerted by steviol glycosides, suggesting their potential beneficial role in the cotreatment of diabetes and in health maintenance.

scholarly journals Effect of Algae Treatment On Stevia Rebaudiana Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Réka Czinkóczky ◽  
Áron Németh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
South America ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a small, perennial and herbaceous shrub which originated in Paraguay (South America). Stevia rebaudiana is not native to Hungary but its cultivation and consumption may have many benefits, e.g. to reduce blood pressure and as a non-caloric sweetener. Steviol glycosides, mostly stevioside and rebaudioside A, located in the leaves are about 200–300 times sweeter than sucrose. S. rebaudina cultivation in Hungary would offer many opportunities in healthcare and the sweet industry. With the aim of achieving good green biomass yields, the effect of MACC4 autotrophic and heterotrophic algae strains was investigated by testing them as both leaf and soil fertilizers in the soil of Stevia rebaudiana seedlings and in its aqueous rooting experiments. In one of the later set up, the formation of roots was improved by combining the application of red light and algae treatment.

scholarly journals METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF STEVIOSIDE, REBAUDIOSIDE-A, REBAUDIOSIDE C AND DULCOSIDE A CONTAINED IN STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI USING HPLC-ELSD

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Supriyadi . ◽  
Siswandono . ◽  
Mochammad Yuwono
Keyword(s):  
Method Development ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
System Mode ◽  
Development And Validation

<p><strong>Objective</strong><strong>:</strong><strong> </strong>To develop and validate a selective HPLC-ELSD method for determination of steviol glycosides contained in <em>Stevia rebaudiana</em>, mainly stevioside, rebauside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The chromatographic separation of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A was achieved using Phenomenex Luna column 250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d. in isocratic system mode with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (35: 65). The temperature of nebulization and evaporization of the ELS detector was set at 50 <sup>o</sup>C and 70 <sup>o</sup>C, respectively.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The good separation of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A was obtained, yielding the resolution of all the analytes more than 1.5. All the validation parameters like specificity, linearity, range, accuracy and precision met the acceptance criteria according to ICH guidelines.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed HPLC-ELSD method is simple and sensitive for the simultaneously detection and determination of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C and dulcoside A contained in <em>Stevia rebaudiana</em>. The method was successfully applied for the determination of the samples product of <em>Stevia rebaudiana</em>.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Stevioside, Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside C, Dulcoside A, HPLC-ELSD</p>

scholarly journals Photosynthetic performance and stevioside concentration are improved by the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in Stevia rebaudiana under different phosphate concentrations

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10173
Author(s):  
Luis G. Sarmiento-López ◽  
Melina López-Meyer ◽  
Gabriela Sepúlveda-Jiménez ◽  
Luis Cárdenas ◽  
Mario Rodríguez-Monroy
Keyword(s):  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Carotenoid Concentration

In plants, phosphorus (P) uptake occurs via arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis and through plant roots. The phosphate concentration is known to affect colonization by AM fungi, and the effect depends on the plant species. Stevia rebaudiana plants are valuable sources of sweetener compounds called steviol glycosides (SGs), and the principal components of SGs are stevioside and rebaudioside A. However, a detailed analysis describing the effect of the phosphate concentration on the colonization of AM fungi in the roots and the relationship of these factors to the accumulation of SGs and photochemical performance has not been performed; such an analysis was the aim of this study. The results indicated that low phosphate concentrations (20 and 200 µM KH2PO4) induced a high percentage of colonization by Rhizophagus irregularis in the roots of S. rebaudiana, while high phosphate concentrations (500 and 1,000 µM KH2PO4) reduced colonization. The morphology of the colonization structure is a typical Arum-type mycorrhiza, and a mycorrhiza-specific phosphate transporter was identified. Colonization with low phosphate concentrations improved plant growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentration, and photochemical performance. The transcription of the genes that encode kaurene oxidase and glucosyltransferase (UGT74G1) was upregulated in colonized plants at 200 µM KH2PO4, which was consistent with the observed patterns of stevioside accumulation. In contrast, at 200 µM KH2PO4, the transcription of UGT76G1 and the accumulation of rebaudioside A were higher in noncolonized plants than in colonized plants. These results indicate that a low phosphate concentration improves mycorrhizal colonization and modulates the stevioside and rebaudioside A concentration by regulating the transcription of the genes that encode kaurene oxidase and glucosyltransferases, which are involved in stevioside and rebaudioside A synthesis in S. rebaudiana.

scholarly journals Determination of Stevioside and Rebaudioside A in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Leaves Using near Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohanes Martono ◽  
Suryasatriya Trihandaru ◽  
Ferdy Semuel Rondonuwu
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Data Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Multivariate Data ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Wavenumber Region

Rebaudioside A and stevioside are abundant steviol glycoside contained in Stevia rebaudiana leaves. These components are widely used as a natural sweetener. The objective of this study was to develop rapid determination method of stevioside, and rebaudioside A in S. rebaudiana leaves using near infrared trans-reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with multivariate analysis. The reference method used was HPLC. A prediction model was developed using partial least square (PLS) regression. Calibration parameters were calculated based on a calibration set of various stevioside, rebaudioside A from 23 samples. Performance of PLS model was assessed in term of optimum determination coefficient (R2), and minimum root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSEV). Validation of PLS model was performed using cross-validation and leave one out calibration of PLS component. Rebaudioside A has well PLS model in wavenumber region of 4100–5100 cm-1, and stevioside determination using difference wavenumber region of 4760-5016 cm-1. PLS model for total (sum of stevioside and rebaudioside A content) was exploited in wavenumber region of 4568-4928 cm-1. NIRS in combination with multivariate data analysis of PLSR can be applied as a rapid method for determining rebaudioside A and the total amount of steviol glycosides in S. rebaudiana leaves.

scholarly journals Dynamics of steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside-A) with growth and development of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1953-1958
Author(s):  
Neena Kumari ◽  
R. C. Rana ◽  
Y. P. Sharma ◽  
Suresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Green Stem

In the present investigation, the dynamics of steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside-A) of Stevia rebaudiana with their growth stages were studied. The study aimed to examine the best stage of harvesting (month of the year) the crop with respect to maximum accumulation of stevioside and rebaudioside-A content in different plant parts (leaves, green stem and woody stem). The results showed that the maximum stevioside content in leaves (8.55%) was found in June month (vegetative stage). Rebaudioside-A content in leaves (7.00%) was at its peak in August (vegetative stage). Whereas, higher stevioside and rebaudioside-A content was found for green stem (0.93%) and woody stem (0.18%) during September month (flowering stage). Leaves showed maximum yields of stevioside (17.60g) and rebaudioside-A (13.75g) per plant in July month. The study indicated that it is economical to harvest the leaves of S. rebaudiana rather than harvesting whole aerial biomass in vegetative phase (July month).

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