scholarly journals Resilience and Poly-Victimization among Two Cohorts of Norwegian Youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Huang ◽  
Svein Mossige
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Witnessing Violence ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Previous research shows that there is a significant and positive relationship between being a victim of violence and experiencing high levels of psychological problems among young people. Conversely, resilience is negatively associated with psychological problems among young people in general, and this negative association is particularly strong among victims of violence. Our study examines resilience among young people (aged ≥ 18 years) who reported being victims of multiple forms of violence during childhood and adolescence using data from two national youth surveys administered in Norway in 2007 (N = 7033) and 2015 (N = 4531), respectively. We first compared the score of resilience, as measured by the Resilience Scale for Adolescents (READ), and the prevalence of poly-victimization, as identified by the number of young people in our study who were exposed to three of the four forms of violence (i.e., non-physical violence, witnessing violence against parents, physical violence, and sexual abuse). Second, we tested our hypothesis using our data and found that resilience—individuals’ capacity to handle adversity, as well as their use of social and cultural resources when facing adversity—moderates the association between poly-victimization and the onset of psychological problems.

Attitudinal Acceptance of Intimate Partner Violence Among U.S. Adults

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Simon ◽  
Mark Anderson ◽  
Martie P. Thompson ◽  
Alex E. Crosby ◽  
Gene Shelley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Never Married ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Using Data

Attitudinal acceptance of intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important correlate of violent behavior. This study examined acceptance of IPV using data collected from a nationally representative telephone survey of 5,238 adults. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to test for associations between sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to violence, question order, and acceptance of hitting a spouse or boyfriend/girlfriend under specific circumstances. Depending on the circumstance examined, acceptance of IPV was significantly higher among participants who were male and younger than 35; were non-White; were divorced, separated, or had never married; had not completed high school; had a low household income; or were victims of violence within the past 12 months. Participants were more accepting of women hitting men; they also were consistent’; more likely to report tolerance of IPV if they were asked first about women hitting men rather than men hitting women. Reports of IPV tolerance need to be interpreted within the context of the survey. Efforts to change IPV attitudes can be tailored to specific IPV circumstances and subgroups, and these efforts should emphasize that the use of physical violence is unacceptable to both genders.

User-generated reality enforcement: Framing violence against black trans feminine people on a video sharing site

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valo Vähäpassi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Violence ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Video Sharing ◽  
Physical Attack ◽  
Trans People ◽  
The Common ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Legitimate Violence ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
The Way

While some scholars have addressed the common cultural tropes about trans people, the way media might sometimes legitimate violence against trans people, and even take part in forms of violence, has not been analysed. This is what this article sets out to do, through an examination of how a verbal and physical attack against black trans women, videotaped and uploaded on a platform for user-generated entertainment, was framed in a way which repeated the symbolic violence (reality enforcement) already at play in the physical (face-to-face) encounter. The article addresses the way this depiction of real violence, framed as entertainment, and coupled with identity invalidation both legitimizes physical violence and delegitimizes black trans feminine people as victims of violence.

scholarly journals Violence against elderly people: characterization of the data reported by the Notification of Injury Information System (SINAN)

10.3823/2387 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Santos de Araújo ◽  
Édina Barreira Campos ◽  
Grazielly Mendes de Sousa ◽  
Anna Nunes Pereira Neta Farias ◽  
Leila Rute Oliveira Gurgel Do Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Introduction: Violence against the elderly person can be any act, single or repetitive, or omission, that causes harm or discomfort and reduces the quality of life of the elderly. Objective: To identify the demographic characteristics of elderly victims of violence, notified by the Notification of Injury Information System (SINAN) in the municipality of Porto Nacional - TO in the year 2014, to characterize the most reported forms of violence, the place of occurrence, the means of aggression and the relationship with the victim. Method: This is an epidemiological, descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative approach. The survey was conducted through reports issued by SINAN in Porto Nacional. The study population consisted of 130 reports of violence. Data collection took place in April. The data were released with the help of Excel tables and analyzed through BioEstat 5.0. Result: It was possible to identify that the majority of the elderly were males, with a mean age of 78.3 years, of brown color, who had schooling, married/stable union, retired and had no physical or mental disabilities. In relation to the type of violence suffered by the elderly, physical violence had more notifications. The place of occurrence was in the elderly’s own houses and the relation between aggressor and victim was unknown. Conclusion: The results found in this study evidenced the importance of notifying all the cases and it is suggested a protocol of attendance to people in situation of violence for all the professionals that compose the networks of care, among these, primary care, hospitals, social action department and public prosecutor's office, which could facilitate the identification of signs of violence.

Empowerment and IPV in Married Women of Reproductive Age: Evidence from Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2017–2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098038
Author(s):  
Mohammad Vaqas Ali ◽  
Jawad Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Forms Of Violence

The study was an attempt to identify demographic, household, and women empowerment factors that predicted emotional, physical, and sexual violence in ever-married women of reproductive age (15–49 years, n = 3,965) in Pakistan by performing secondary analysis on Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, 2017–2018. The analysis was done using SPSS (v.22) and binary and multivariate logistic regression techniques were performed for analyses. The analysis found that 30.2% of women experienced emotional, 24.1% reported less severe physical, 6.5% experienced severe physical, and 4.3% experienced sexual violence, respectively. The multivariate analysis found that husband’s age, education, wealth, and alcohol consumption were significant predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV). Additionally, womens’ age, education, and number of children also significantly predicted IPV. With respect to empowerment variables, ownership of house was a significant predictor of less severe physical violence, ownership of property significantly predicted emotional violence, and autonomy in household purchase decisions was significantly related to severe physical violence. The control on husband’s income as a measure of empowerment significantly predicted all four types of IPV. Belief in patriarchy also turned out to be an important factor in determining emotional and less severe physical violence. The study concludes that women empowerment in household context can prevent less serious forms of violence but to hinder serious forms of violence, interventions at family and community level will be required.

scholarly journals Exploring the experience of intimate partner violence in the LGBT community

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Papadakaki ◽  
F Zioti ◽  
Z N Karadimitriou ◽  
M Papadopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Childhood Victimization ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Abstract Background The study aimed at measuring the prevalence and identifying the risk factors of intimate partner violence in individuals from the LGBT community. Methods A total of 180 individuals participated in the study, both male and female, aged 18-60 years, living in the broader area of Athens, Greece. Snowball sampling was applied to identify eligible individuals and social media were employed to recruit them. The questionnaire explored the violence victimization and perpetration in their relationships, the preferred reaction to various forms of violence and the role of childhood victimization in adulthood experiences of violence. Results 72.8% were homosexual, 26.7% bisexual, 81.7 % were women with a mean age of 25.2 years (6.0 standard deviation). A total of 67.2% were subjected to verbal abuse before the age of 16, 49.4% to physical violence, 6.7% to sexual violence and 46.7% were neglected. The prevalence of violence victimization was higher than the prevalence of violence perpetration (mean 9.81 and 5.92 respectively). Psychological violence was the most common among other forms of violence, both in victimization (psychological 7.34, physical 1.66, sexual 0.81) and perpetration (psychological 4.48, physical 1.26, sexual 0.18). In hypothetical scenarios of psychological violence, the majority of participants preferred separation and discussion about boundaries as strategies to deal with the situation (56.1 and 45.0 respectively), in scenarios of physical violence they primarily preferred separation and secondarily asking a professional advice (73.3 and 20.6, respectively) and in sexual violence they primarily preferred a discussion about boundaries and secondarily separation (69.4% and 31.7% respectively). Experiences of childhood victimization (p=.006), and female gender (p=.002), were found to be associated at a statistically significant level with violent victimization in adulthood. Conclusions Further research is necessary to identify groups at risk of victimization. Key messages Preventive efforts need to take into account individual sociodemographic and attitudinal characteristics that increase the risk of victimization. Experiences of victimization during childhood are highly associated with victimization in adulthood.

scholarly journals Is the use of accurate psychiatric labels associated with intentions and beliefs about responses to mental illness in a friend? Findings from two national surveys of Australian youth

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. H. Yap ◽  
N. J Reavley ◽  
A. F. Jorm
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Community Education ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Similar Survey ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Using Data

Aims.An inherent prerequisite to mental health first-aid (MHFA) is the ability to identify that there is a mental health problem, but little is known about the association between psychiatric labelling and MHFA. This study examined this association using data from two national surveys of Australian young people.Methods.This study involved a national telephonic survey of 3746 Australian youth aged 12–25 years in 2006, and a similar survey in 2011 with 3021 youth aged 15–25 years. In both surveys, respondents were presented with a vignette portraying depression, psychosis or social phobia in a young person. The 2011 survey also included depression with suicidal thoughts and post-traumatic stress disorder. Respondents were asked what they thought was wrong with the person, and reported on their first-aid intentions and beliefs, which were scored for quality of the responses.Results.Accurate labelling of the mental disorder was associated with more helpful first-aid intentions and beliefs across vignettes, except for the intention to listen non-judgementally in the psychosis vignette.Conclusions.Findings suggest that community education programmes that improve accurate psychiatric label use may have the potential to improve the first-aid responses young people provide to their peers, although caution is required in the case of psychosis.

Development and validation of a scale to measure the resilience of schools: Perspectives of young people from vulnerable and challenging territories

2021 ◽  
pp. 136548022199174
Author(s):  
Ana Milheiro Silva ◽  
Sofia Marques da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
National Level ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Educational Pathways ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Territorial Disparities ◽  
Development And Validation

This article presents the development and validation of a scale for young people, which measures the resilience of schools in ensuring the educational pathways of students in vulnerable and challenging territories. This scale was developed within a national-level project, conducted in Portuguese border regions with Spain, which are peripheral contexts with economic, social, cultural, and educational disadvantages, but with locally-situated promising dynamics. Resilient schools, from an ecological perspective, are sensitive and committed to their internal and external settings. These schools act as a whole to face problem solving and risk situations, while also needing to support youth educational pathways and fulfill their role. This is particularly important in contexts with territorial disparities and specificities, as is the case of border regions. The Resilience Scale of Schools – Youth Version (RSS-Y) integrates dimensions related to schools’ focus and priorities, as well as practices and resources. Its development took into consideration that schools in vulnerable territories deal with specific constraints and fewer opportunities. In addition, this scale seeks to study the characteristics of resilience that young people identify in their schools and how they perceive their schools’ support. This quantitative scale was developed following a multi-step approach and was applied to 3,968 young people (9th to 12th grade). It comprises 17 items, rated on a five-point Likert scale to assess agreement. Statistical analysis ensure the internal consistency (Factor 1, α = .846; Factor 2, α = .845; Factor 3, α = .789) and the validity of this scale, indicating adequate psychometric properties to measure students’ perspectives on the resilience characteristics of schools. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) proposes a three-factor structure that explains 57.393% of the total variance. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) indicates that this model is a good fit with the data. The RSS-Y can provide an important contribution to educational research developed in more deprived territories, but also to school contexts, since it recognizes the importance of schools’ differentiated approaches and highlights characteristics that promote the resilience and quality of schools.

Protection of orphans and children left without parental care from violence and abuse: legal grounds and psychological assistance

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Ul'yanina ◽  
Olga Gavrilova ◽  
Olga Timur
Keyword(s):  
Parental Care ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Child Victims ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Legal Grounds ◽  
Special Category ◽  
Consequences Of Violence

The paper deals with the problem of abuse and violence against minors, among which the authors distinguish a special category: orphans and children left without parental care. Approaches to the definition and forms of violence and ill-treatment of minors are described. The psychological causes and consequences of violence and ill-treatment are analyzed. Technologies for providing psychological assistance to child victims of violence and abuse are offered. A significant part of the work is devoted to the consideration of the features of interdepartmental interaction on prevention and timely detection of signs and consequences of abuse and violence against children. The result of such an analysis was the development of a model regulation describing the procedural and legal issues of coordinating such interaction between specialists from different departments in order to protect the interests of minors. The work is addressed to psychologists, teachers, specialists of organizations for children.

The Myth of the Digital Native and What It Means for Higher Education

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Linda Corrin ◽  
Tiffani Apps ◽  
Karley Beckman ◽  
Sue Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
University Education ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Digital Native ◽  
College And University ◽  
Radical Transformation

The term “digital native” entered popular and academic discourse in the early 1990s to characterize young people who, having grown up surrounded by digital technology, were said to be highly technologically skilled. The premise was mobilized to criticize education for not meeting the needs of young people, thereby needing radical transformation. Despite being repeatedly discredited by empirical research and scholarly argument, the idea of the digital native has been remarkably persistent. This chapter explores the myth of the digital native and its implications for higher education. It suggests that the myth’s persistence signals a need to better understand the role of technology in young people’s lives. The chapter conceptualizes technology “practices,” considers how young adults experience technology in their college and university education, and how their practices are shaped by childhood and adolescence. The chapter closes with some propositions for educators, institutions, and researchers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document