Role of Perceived Social Support on the Association between Physical Disability and Symptoms of Depression in Senior Citizens of Pakistan

An emerging body of literature has implied that perceived social support is known as an upstream element of cognitive health. Various dimensions of perceived social support may have divergent influence on physical and cognitive health in later life. The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of perceived social support on the relationship between physical disability and symptoms of depression in senior citizens of Pakistan. The data were collected from three metropolitan cities (Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan) in the Punjab province of Pakistan and 100 participants were approached from each city with a total sample size of 300. The results demonstrated that family support, friends’ support, and significant others’ support mediated the association between physical disability and symptoms of depression, with an indirect effect of 0.024, 0.058, and 0.034, respectively. The total direct and indirect effect was 0.493. Physical disability was directly associated with symptoms of depression and greater physical disability predicted a higher level of symptoms of depression. Perceived social support, including family support, friends’ support, and significant others’ support, showed an indirect association with symptoms of depression. Furthermore, family support and friends’ support were more significantly associated with symptoms of depression as compared to significant others’ support. The research discoveries have better implications for health care professionals, hospice care workers, and policy makers. A holistic approach is required to prevent senior citizens from late-life mental disorders.

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717 Sleeping Well During a Pandemic: The Role of Various Forms of Social Support in Protecting Against Insomnia

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A280-A280

Author(s):

Samantha Jankowski ◽

Sara Cloonan ◽

Michael Grandner ◽

William Killgore

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Social Support ◽

Family Support ◽

Online Survey ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Critical Role ◽

Significant Others ◽

Significant Other ◽

Sources Of Support

Abstract Introduction Social support from friends, family, and significant loved ones is critical to sustaining mental health during crises. During the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, the populace has had to restrict many aspects of normal social contact. Consequently, social isolation and accompanying feelings of loneliness have spiked. There has also been a contemporaneous increase in the rates of insomnia. Considering this correlation, we investigated the potential role of various types of social/emotional support on the severity of insomnia. We hypothesized that greater social support from family, friends, and significant loved ones would all contribute to lower insomnia during the pandemic. Methods During October 2020, 1020 participants (58.2% female) completed an online survey that included the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), a measure of social support, and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), a measure of insomnia. The severity of insomnia was predicted using multiple linear regression, with the three sources of support from the MSPSS (family, friend, and significant other) entered stepwise. Results All three sources of support were significantly correlated with lower ISI scores (family, r=-.163, p= p = 1.6x10-7; friend, r=-.125, p=6.5x10-5; significant other, r=-.095, p=.002). However, when all three variables were entered into stepwise regression, only increased familial support was significantly associated with lower insomnia levels (R2 = 0.027, β =-.163, p = 1.6x10-7). In contrast, neither the support of friends nor support from significant others added any additional predictive power once family support was in the model. Conclusion While perceived social support from friends and significant others was correlated with lower insomnia, we found that ISI scores were most significantly associated with perceived family support. In fact, once family support was accounted for, other sources of support did not account for additional variance. Ongoing family support plays a critical role in mental health and wellbeing, which is clearly demonstrated in the quality of sleep. During the social distancing imposed by the pandemic, it is vital that we find creative ways to maintain familial social support. Future work may benefit by examining the association between the use of electronic technologies to sustain social support and sleep outcomes. Support (if any):

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Modeling the Effect of Family Atmosphere, School Atmosphere, and Social Support on Aggressiveness and Addiction Preparedness Among Students: The Mediating Role of Extroversion

Journal of Research and Health ◽

10.32598/jrh.10.6.1688.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 365-374

Author(s):

Zohre Shahriari Shaghaghi ◽

◽

Afsaneh Ghanbaripanah ◽

Parisa Tajalli ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Direct Effect ◽

Indirect Effect ◽

School Environment ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Statistical Population ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Family

Background: The increased rates of aggression and drug abuse among students are considered an important health issue. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the emotional atmosphere of the family, the school climate, perceived social support, aggressive behavior, and preparedness for addiction among students, considering the mediating role of extroversion. Methods: This research used the analytical-correlative method. Also, the statistical population included all high school students in Tehran, during the academic year of 2017-2018. Results: The school environment had a significant direct effect on the preparedness for addiction. Besides, we identified the indirect effect of the school environment on irregular drug addiction. The hypothesized model showed the full effect and the nonsignificant direct effect of perceived social support on aggressive behavior. Moreover, there was a significant indirect effect between perceived social support and aggressive behavior. However, there was no direct or indirect effect between perceived social support and preparedness for addiction and the existence of extroversion’s mediating function. Conclusion: Thus, teachers and school administrators are recommended to discuss the psychological environment of the family, the school atmosphere, and perceived social support.

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Humor styles influence the perception of depression-related internet memes in depression

Humor - International Journal of Humor Research ◽

10.1515/humor-2021-0045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Kathryn J Gardner ◽

Nicola-Maria Jabs ◽

Jennifer Drabble ◽

Umair Akram

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Humor Styles ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Humor Style ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

And Control

Abstract Previous research highlights the potential benefits of engaging with depressive Internet memes for those experiencing symptoms of depression, a phenomenon that can be explained by the humorous interpretation of depressive stimuli and perceived social support through symptom normalization. We examined whether individuals experiencing depressive symptoms would differ from controls in their interpretation of Internet memes related to depression, whilst incorporating the mediating role of humor style. N=78 individuals with self-reported depressive symptoms (≥24 on CES-D) and 67 controls (≤23) rated the emotional valance, humor, relatability, shareability, and mood-improving potential of 32 depressive and control memes (depicting neutral/positive social commentaries). Measures of depression and humor style were also completed. Perceived humor, relatability, shareability and mood-improving potential of depressive, but not control, memes were greater amongst individuals displaying depressive symptoms. However, differential ratings of humor, shareability and relatability were mediated by the extent of ones self-defeating humor style. These outcomes further evidence benefits of interacting with depression-related Internet memes for those with depression.

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The Moderating Role of Perceived Social Support on the Relationship between Physical Functional Impairment and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Nursing Home Elderly in Hong Kong

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2011.93 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 1017-1026 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Sylvia Y. C. L. Kwok ◽

Dannii Y. L. Yeung ◽

Annie Chung

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Family Support ◽

Peer Support ◽

Functional Impairment ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Education Level ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role

With reference to the stress-buffering model, this study aimed to examine the moderating role of perceived social support (including institutional peer support and family support) on the relationship between physical functional impairment, as a source of stress, and depressive symptoms among Chinese nursing home elderly in Hong Kong. The study used a cross-sectional survey method and convenience sampling. The subjects were recruited from two private nursing homes. A total of 187 elderly (54 males and 133 females) participated in the survey. Interviews were conducted by experienced research assistants. The Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms of each participant. Pearson correlational analyses showed that females reported more depressive symptoms than their male counterparts, and a positive relationship was found between education level and depressive symptoms. Perceived institutional peer support was negatively correlated, while physical functional impairment was positively correlated with depressive symptoms. However, there was no significant correlation between perceived family support and depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that physical functional impairment and perceived institutional peer support were significant predictors of elderly depressive symptoms, while perceived family support was not a significant predictor, after statistically controlling for the influence of gender and education level. Perceived institutional peer support, but not perceived family support, was found to moderate the negative impact of physical functional impairment on elderly depressive symptoms. The theoretical and practical implications of this study were then discussed.

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The relationship between perceived social support and severity of body dysmorphic disorder symptoms: the role of gender

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1590/s1516-44462011000300006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 238-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Luana Marques ◽

Hilary M. Weingarden ◽

Nicole J. LeBlanc ◽

Jedidiah Siev ◽

Sabine Wilhelm

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Significant Others ◽

The Internet ◽

Significant Other ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Whether social support is associated with severity of body dysmorphic symptoms is unknown. To address this gap in the literature, the present study aims to examine the association between three domains of perceived social support (i.e., family, friends, and significant others) and severity of body dysmorphic disorder symptoms. METHOD: Participants (N = 400) with symptoms consistent with diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder completed measures of symptomatology and social support via the internet. RESULTS: More perceived social support from friends and significant others was associated with less severe body dysmorphic disorder symptoms for males, and more perceived social support from family and friends was associated with less severe body dysmorphic disorder symptoms among females. Additionally, gender moderated the association between perceived social support from significant others and symptom severity, such that perceived social support from a significant other was significantly negatively associated with body dysmorphic symptom severity in males, but not females. CONCLUSION: The present study implicates social support as an important area of future body dysmorphic disorder research.

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The Effect of Psychological Suzhi on Suicide Ideation in Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Family Support and Friend Support

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2020.632274 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Zhengguang Zhu ◽

Wenchuan Tang ◽

Guangzeng Liu ◽

Dajun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Family Support ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Protective Role ◽

Chinese Adolescents ◽

Friend Support ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Relationship

In this study, we examined family support and friend support as potential mediators between psychological suzhi and suicide ideation in a sample of 1,369 Chinese adolescents (48. 1% men, 15.52 ± 1.76 years). The results showed that family support and friend support were found to adequately mediate the relationship between psychological suzhi and suicide ideation. In addition, the effect of psychological suzhi on adolescents' suicide ideation was stronger for family support than friend support. These findings demonstrated the key roles of psychological suzhi, family support, and friend support in reducing adolescents' suicide ideation. It enlightens us that we are supposed to improve adolescents' psychological suzhi and perceived social support (including family support and friend support) through many ways in order to better play its protective role in the future.

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The Relationship Between Quality of Life and Perception Over Social Reintegration in Patients Suffering from Aphasia: the Mediating Role of Social Support and Moderator Role of Gender and Family Support

Medicina Moderna - Modern Medicine ◽

10.31689/rmm.2021.28.3.291 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 291-300

Author(s):

Camelia Daniela CUCU ◽

◽

Andreea Raluca ADAM ◽

Florinda Tinela GOLU ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Social Support ◽

Family Support ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Community Integration ◽

Social Reintegration ◽

Quality Of Life Scale ◽

The Relationship

Background. The quality of life in patients suffering from aphasia, survivors of a stroke, is considerably lower compared to patients who have suffered from other types of stroke. In order to observe the changes that occur at a psychological level in patients suffering from aphasia, it is necessary to investigate the relationship between quality of life and their social reintegration. Objectives. This cross-sectional research aims to identify those elements of quality of life that can enhance a healthy and stable social reintegration over time in patients suffering from aphasia. Materials and methods. The research was performed on a sample of 103 patients suffering from aphasia. Participants answered four questionnaires: Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 (SAQOL-39), The Community Integration Questionnaire Revisited (CIQ), Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU) and Perceived Social Support - Family Form (PSS- Fa). The data were processed via SPSS V28 and Process V3.5. Results. The quality of life is a statistically significant predictor for the social reintegration of patients suffering from aphasia. Gender and family support were not found to be significant moderators of the relationship between quality of life and social reintegration. Social support was found to be a statistically insignificant mediator in the relationship between quality of life and social reintegration of patients suffering from aphasia.

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Evaluating Maternal Social Support in Low Birth Weight Neonates Comparing With Normal Neonates in 2012

Galen Medical Journal ◽

10.31661/gmj.v3i3.186 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 189-93

Author(s):

Soheila Riahinejad ◽

Behrouz Farhangfar ◽

Reza Kazemi ◽

Marzieh Arabi

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Family Support ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Significant Others ◽

Subscale Score ◽

Control Group ◽

Stressful Event ◽

Maternal Social Support

Introduction: Pregnancy as a stressful event may cause some consequence for both mother and infant such as low birth weight (LBW). LBW is seen in about 7% of pregnancies in Iran. It was proved there is a correlation between infants weight and maternal social support. This study was designed to evaluate maternal perceived social support in LBW infants and infants with normal weight.Methods and Materials: This was a case-Control study which was done in Isfahan, Iran during April-November 2012 on 188 participants in 2 groups. In case group we had evaluated mothers with low birth weight infants and control group were mother with normal infants. Farsi version of Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS-P) was used for social support evaluation.Results: In LBW group mean family support subscale score was 14.87 ± 4.33, Mean friends support subscale score was 9.65 ± 5.89 and significant others support subscale mean score was 15.18 ± 5.11. In normal weight group mean family support subscale score was 18.46 ± 3.98, Mean friends support subscale score was 15.4 ± 6.41 and significant others support subscale mean score was 18.46 ± 4.1.Conclusion: Maternal perceived prenatal social support could be a predictor for infants birth weight. Supportive family could helps pregnant women to reduce adverse pregnancy out comes such as low birth weight.

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Perceived Social Support From Family and Peers: The Association With Bullying Behaviours

Journal of Education and Development ◽

10.20849/jed.v5i1.835 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Melody Zhang ◽

Ziyu Wang ◽

Ryan J. Persram ◽

Tracy K. Y. Wong ◽

Chiaki Konishi

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Family Support ◽

Peer Support ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Early Adolescents ◽

Gender And Age ◽

The Family ◽

Adolescence Period ◽

Gender And Age Differences

Bullying is a significant concern among parents, educators, and policymakers in which both bullies and victims are at greater risk for later maladjustment. Although the effect of perceived social support from peers on preventing and mitigating bullying behaviours has been extensively studied, less have examined the roles of perceived social support from family and peers simultaneously. This study examined the association between perceived family support and bullying behaviours among Canadian early adolescents and sought to identify the extent to which perceived family support would be comparable to perceived peer support. Adolescent gender and age were controlled to account for potential gender and age differences. Participants included students in grades 4 to 7 (N = 312) who completed measures of perceived social support from peers and family, and bullying behaviours. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that perceived family support had a significant, negative association with bullying behaviours among early adolescents. Moreover, perceived family support was found to be more significantly associated with bullying behaviours than perceived peer support. Findings corroborate the importance of perceived social support among early adolescents and emphasize a need to not only examine how perceived social support is associated with bullying behaviours, but to account for the significant role of the family during the early adolescence period.

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Testing the Strain Theory of Suicide – The Moderating Role of Social Support

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000604 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 82-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bob Lew ◽

Ksenia Chistopolskaya ◽

Yanzheng Liu ◽

Mansor Abu Talib ◽

Olga Mitina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Online Survey ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Strain Theory ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Strains ◽

Moderating Role

Abstract. Background: According to the strain theory of suicide, strains, resulting from conﬂicting and competing pressures in an individual's life, are hypothesized to precede suicide. But social support is an important factor that can mitigate strains and lessen their input in suicidal behavior. Aims: This study was designed to assess the moderating role of social support in the relation between strain and suicidality. Methods: A sample of 1,051 employees were recruited in Beijing, the capital of China, through an online survey. Moderation analysis was performed using SPSS PROCESS Macro. Social support was measured with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and strains were assessed with the Psychological Strains Scale. Results: Psychological strains are a good predictor of suicidality, and social support, a basic need for each human being, moderates and decreases the effects of psychological strains on suicidality. Limitations: The cross-sectional survey limited the extent to which conclusions about causal relationships can be drawn. Furthermore, the results may not be generalized to the whole of China because of its diversity. Conclusion: Social support has a tendency to mitigate the effects of psychological strains on suicidality.

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