scholarly journals Until Death Do Us Part. The Influence of Own and Partner’s Socioeconomic Status on the Health of Spanish Middle-Aged Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4644
Author(s):  
Jordi Gumà ◽  
Jeroen Spijker
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
Significant Health

Objectives: To explore whether the influence of a partner’s socioeconomic status (SES) on health has an additive or a combined effect with the ego’s SES. Methods: With data on 4533 middle-aged (30–59) different-sex couples from the 2012 Spanish sample of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) survey, we apply separate sex-specific logistic regression models to calculate predicted probabilities of having less than good self-perceived health according to individual and partner’s characteristics separately and combined. Results: Both approaches led to similar results: Having a partner with better SES reduces the probabilities of not having good health. However, the combined approach is more precise in disentangling SES effects. For instance, having a higher educated partner only benefits health among Spanish low-educated men, while men’s health is worse if they have a working spouse. Conversely, women’s health is positively influenced if at least one couple member is economically active. Conclusions: There are significant health differences between individuals according to their own and their partner’s SES in an apparently advantageous population group (i.e., individuals living with a partner). The combinative approach permits obtaining more precise couple-specific SES profiles.

scholarly journals Self-Rated Health Status Based on the Type of Health Insurance: A Socioeconomic Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110281
Author(s):  
Minsung Sohn ◽  
Minsoo Jung ◽  
Mankyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Healthcare Coverage

To investigate the effects of public and private health insurance on self-rated health (SRH) status within the National Health Insurance (NHI) system based on socioeconomic status in South Korea. The data were obtained from 10 867 respondents of the Korea Health Panel (2008-2011). We used hierarchical panel logistic regression models to assess the SRH status. We also added the interaction terms of socioeconomic status and type of health insurance as moderators. Medical aid (MA) recipients were 2.10 times more likely to have a low SRH status than those who were covered only by the NHI, even though the healthcare utilization was higher. When the interaction terms were included, those not covered by the NHI and had completed elementary school or less were 16.59 times more likely to have a low SRH status than those covered by the NHI and had earned a college degree or higher. Expanding healthcare coverage to reduce the burden of non-payment and unmet use to improve the health status of MA beneficiaries should be considered. Particularly, the vulnerability of less-educated groups should be focused on.

scholarly journals Couple relationship problems—a task for the general practitioner? A cross-sectional survey from Norway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Dalsmo Berge ◽  
Eivind Meland ◽  
Mette Brekke ◽  
Gunnar Tschudi Bondevik ◽  
Frode Thuen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Couple Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Problems ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
General Practices

Abstract Background A healthy couple relationship is a predictor of good health. There is a lack of knowledge about what role family and couples counselling should have in general practice. Objectives To identify the prevalence of patients who have talked, or want to talk, with their general practitioner (GP) about their couple relationship, to investigate what characterizes these patients and to explore whether they believe that couple relationship problems should be dealt with in general practice. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 70 general practices in Norway during spring 2019. A questionnaire was answered by 2178 consecutive patients (response rate 75%) in GP waiting rooms. Data were examined using frequencies and linear and logistic regression models. Results We included 2097 responses. Mean age was 49.0 years and 61.3% were women. One in four (25.0%) had already talked with their GP about couple relationship problems, while one in three (33.5%) wanted to talk with their GP about their couple relationship problems. These patients more frequently had experience of divorce, poor self-rated health, an opinion that their couple relationship had a significant impact on their health and lower couple relationship quality when adjusted for age, sex, present marital status and children living at home. We found that 46.4% of patients believed that GPs should be interested in their couple relationship problems. Conclusion Relationship problems are frequently addressed in general practice. GPs should be prepared to discuss this issue to facilitate help for couples earlier than they might otherwise expect.

Same-Sex Cohabitors and Health

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Corinne Reczek ◽  
Dustin Brown
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Variations ◽  
Racial Ethnic

A legacy of research finds that marriage is associated with good health. Yet same-sex cohabitors cannot marry in most states in the United States and therefore may not receive the health benefits associated with marriage. We use pooled data from the 1997 to 2009 National Health Interview Surveys to compare the self-rated health of same-sex cohabiting men ( n = 1,659) and same-sex cohabiting women ( n = 1,634) with that of their different-sex married, different-sex cohabiting, and unpartnered divorced, widowed, and never-married counterparts. Results from logistic regression models show that same-sex cohabitors report poorer health than their different-sex married counterparts at the same levels of socioeconomic status. Additionally, same-sex cohabitors report better health than their different-sex cohabiting and single counterparts, but these differences are fully explained by socioeconomic status. Without their socioeconomic advantages, same-sex cohabitors would report similar health to nonmarried groups. Analyses further reveal important racial-ethnic and gender variations.

scholarly journals Association Between Dietary Patterns and Prediabetes Risk in A Middle-Aged Chinese Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ming Shen ◽  
Yi-Qian Huang ◽  
Xiao-Yan Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Qing Tong ◽  
Pei-Fen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Southern Chinese ◽  
Bottom Quartile ◽  
Confounding Variables

Abstract Background: Information regarding dietary patterns associated with prediabetes in the Chinese population is lacking. The objective of the present study was to explore the association between major dietary patterns and risk of prediabetes in a middle-aged Chinese population. Methods: A total of 1761 participants (aged 45 to 59 years) were recruited in Hangzhou city, the capital of Zhejiang Province, China from June 2015 to December 2016. Dietary information was obtained by interview using a 138-item, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire(SQFFQ). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between dietary patterns and the risk of prediabetes with adjustment of potential confounding variables. Results: Three dietary patterns were ascertained by factor analysis and labeled as traditional southern Chinese, Western, and grains-vegetables patterns. After controlling of the potential confounders, participants in the top quartile of the Western pattern scores had greater odds ratio(OR) for prediabetes (OR=1.54; 95% confidence interval(CI):1.068-2.059; P =0.025) than did those in the bottom quartile. Compared with those in the bottom quartile, participants in the top quartile of the grains-vegetables pattern scores had a lower OR for prediabetes(OR=0.83; 95% CI:0.747-0.965; P =0.03). Besides, no statistically significant association was observed in the association between the traditional southern Chinese pattern and prediabetes risk ( P >0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that the Western pattern was associated with a higher risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern was associated with a lower risk of prediabetes. Future prospective studies are required to validate our findings.

scholarly journals 1400Central but not general obesity is positively associated with risk of hyperhomocysteinemia in middle-aged women

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Obesity and homocysteine (Hcy) are two important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, there were conflicting results for the relationship between them. Our study is to explore the associations of general and central obesity with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in middle-aged women. Methods The current analysis was based on data from 11007 women aged 40-60 years. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured and serum homocysteine was determined. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy, Hcy>15μmol/L) with BMI and WC. Results 13.71% women had HHcy. The prevalences of BMI-based general obesity and WC-based central obesity were 11.17% and 22.88%, respectively. Compared with non-obese women, the mean serum Hcy concentration was significantly higher in WC-based central obese women (P = 0.002), but not in BMI-based general obese women (P > 0.05). In the multiple logistic regression models, central obesity was positively related to the risk of HHcy (OR = 1.30, 95%CI=1.10 to 1.52), while general obesity was inversely related to the risk of HHcy (OR = 0.82, 95%CI=0.72 to 0.93 and OR = 0.71,95% CI = 0.57 to 0.89). Conclusions Central obesity was positively, while general obesity was negatively related to the risk of HHcy. Menopause showed no effect modification on these associations. Key messages Homocysteine; Central obesity; Menopause; Cardiovascular Disease

Cohabitation and Self-rated Health: The Role of Socioeconomic Status and Sexual Minority Status among U.S. Cohabitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-562
Author(s):  
Russell L. Spiker
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Minority Stress ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Average Adjusted Predictions

This study examines whether health disparities between same-sex and different-sex cohabitors differ depending on socioeconomic status (SES). Previous research showed that SES mediates health disparities between different-sex and same-sex cohabitors, but less is known about its role as a potential moderator. Using data on cohabitors from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) National Health Interview Surveys (2007–2018), this study examines how the SES-health gradient shapes health disparities for same-sex and different-sex cohabitors. Average adjusted predictions from multinomial logistic regression models show that higher income-to-needs ratio is associated with improvements in self-rated health for same-sex cohabiting women relative to different-sex cohabiting women. However, results are mixed for men. As income-to-needs ratio increases, same-sex cohabiting men have higher probabilities of “excellent” or “very good” health than different-sex cohabitors; however, their risk of “poor” health increases significantly with higher income-to-needs ratios. Potential explanations related to minority stress, stress proliferation, gendered meanings of self-rated health, and selection are explored. Overall, disparities between same-sex and different-sex cohabitors differ by gender and SES, suggesting socioeconomic diversity should be considered in the study of sexual minority health.

scholarly journals Exploring grip strength as a predictor of depression in middle-aged and older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilson Marques ◽  
Duarte Henriques-Neto ◽  
Miguel Peralta ◽  
Priscila Marconcin ◽  
Élvio R. Gouveia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Group Data

AbstractGrip strength (GS) is an indicator of health and vulnerability and inversely associated with depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to explore GS discrimination capacity for depression; and possible GS cut-off values for depression by sex and age group. Data from 2011 and 2015 on 20,598 (10,416 women) middle-aged and older adults from 14 European countries was analysed. GS was assessed by dynamometer, and depressive symptoms using the EURO-D scale. GS cut-off values for depression were calculated and logistic regression models were used to quantify the odds of having depression in 2011 and in 2015 according to being bellow or above the cut-off value. GS had a weak discriminant capacity for depression, with the area under the curve varying between 0.54 and 0.60 (p < 0.001). Sensitivity varied between 0.57 and 0.74; specificity varied between 0.46 and 0.66. GS cut-off values for discriminating depression were 43.5 kg for men and 29.5 kg for women aged 50–64 years, 39.5 kg for men and 22.5 kg for women aged ≥ 65 years. Having GS above the cut-off represents significant lower odds of depression in 2011 and 4 years later, in 2015. Healthcare practitioners and epidemiologic researchers may consider the low GS cut-off values to screen for potential depression risk. However, due to its weak discriminant values these cut-offs should not be used to identify depression.

scholarly journals Is Childhood Disadvantage Temporary or Permanent? Evidence From the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 336-336
Author(s):  
Paul Ayernor
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status

Abstract The paper assesses whether childhood socioeconomic status have a temporary or permanent effect on adult health status and well-being. The study uses cumulative inequality theory to explain disparity in health status and well-being at older ages in Ghana. Data comes from the 2007-2008 World Health Organization global study of ageing in Ghana (SAGE). The study utilizes wave 1 of the data, with retrospective questions about early childhood socioeconomic status. The study uses ordinal logistic regression models to assess the relationship between childhood socioeconomic status and self-report health on one hand and wellbeing on the another. The results show that father’s education is a significant predictor of health status and wellbeing at older ages. Specifically, the odds of reporting good and moderate health status and wellbeing are 1.29 and 2.22 times higher among older adults whose fathers have primary education or higher. As expected, the odds of reporting moderate or good health status and wellbeing decrease with increasing age and also for women. In terms of interaction effects, those aged 60-69 years whose fathers have primary education are less likely to report good and moderate health. In contrast, those who are aged 70-79 years old and have fathers with secondary or higher education are 2.51 times more likely to report good and moderate wellbeing. There is strong evidence of compensation among those who keep once or twice contact with social ties.

scholarly journals The Association of Sleep Duration With Vision Impairment in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: Evidence From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengsha Sun ◽  
Qiyu Bo ◽  
Bing Lu ◽  
Xiaodong Sun ◽  
Minwen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Multilevel Logistic Regression ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Long Sleep

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association of sleep duration with vision impairment (VI) in middle-aged and elderly adults.Methods: This cross-sectional study used the data from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011–2012, a national survey of adults aged 45 years or older. Weighted multilevel logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between self-reported sleep duration and VI.Results: Of the 13,959 survey respondents, a total of 4,776 (34.2%) reported VI. The prevalence of short (≤6 h/night) and long (&gt;8 h/night) sleep durations was higher among respondents with VI than those without VI (P &lt; 0.001). Multilevel logistic regression models showed that compared with a sleep duration of 6–8 h/night, a sleep duration of ≤6 h/night was associated with a 1.45-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.34–1.56] higher VI risk, and a sleep duration of &gt;8 h/night was associated with a 1.18-fold (95% CI = 1.03–1.34) higher VI risk, after adjusting for sociodemographic data, lifestyle factors, and health conditions. Vision impairment was associated with short sleep duration in respondents from all age or gender categories. However, VI was associated with long sleep duration in respondents from the elderly or female categories. The association between VI and long sleep duration disappeared in respondents of middle-aged or male categories.Conclusions: The potential impact of sleep on the risk of visual functions requires further attention. A more comprehensive and integrated health care and rehabilitation system covering vision and sleep is also needed.

Abstract P879: Differences in Statistical Performance of Polygenic Risk Scores for Cardiovascular Disease Across Different Race/Ethnicities

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian N Acosta ◽  
Cameron Both ◽  
Natalia Szejko ◽  
Stacy Brown ◽  
Kevin N Sheth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Significant Health

Introduction: Genome-wide association studies have identified numerous genetic risk variants for stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) in Europeans. However, the limited applicability of these results to non-Europeans due to racial/ethnic differences in the genetic architecture of cardiovascular disease (CVD), coupled with the limited availability of genomic data in non-Europeans, may create significant health disparities now that genomic-based precision medicine is a reality. We tested the hypothesis that the performance of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for CVD differ in Europeans versus non-Europeans. Methods: We conducted a nested study within the UK Biobank, a prospective, population-based study that enrolled ~500,000 participants across the UK. For this study, we identified self-reported black participants and randomly matched them 1:1 by age and sex with white participants. We created a PRS using previously discovered loci for stroke and MI. We then tested whether this PRS representing the aggregate polygenic susceptibility to CVD yielded similar precision in black versus white participants in logistic regression models. Results: Of the 502,536 participants enrolled in the UK Biobank, 8,061 were self-reported blacks, with 7,644 having available data for our analyses. We randomly matched these participants with white individuals, leading to a total sample size of 15,288 (mean age 51.9 [SD 8.1], female 8,722 [57%]). The total number of events was 741 overall, with 363 happening in blacks and 378 happening in whites. In logistic regression models including age, sex, and 5 principal components, the statistical precision (e.g. narrower confidence intervals) for the PRS was substantially higher for whites (OR 1.22, 95%CI 1.08 - 1.37; p<0.0001) compared to blacks (OR 1.24, 95%CI 1.05-1.47; p=0.01). Secondary analyses using genetically-determined ancestry yielded similar results. Conclusion: Because CVD-related PRSs are derived mainly using genetic risk factors identified in populations of European ancestry, their statistical performance is lower in non-European populations. This asymmetry can lead to significant health disparities now that these tools are being evaluated in multiple precision medicine approaches.

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