scholarly journals Empathy and COVID-19: Study in Professionals and Students of the Social Health Field in Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Ana J. Cañas-Lerma ◽  
M. Elena Cuartero-Castañer ◽  
Guido Mascialino ◽  
Paula Hidalgo-Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Field ◽  
Great Stress

Empathy plays a fundamental role in health related occupations. In this study, we analysed empathy levels in professionals (117) and students (170) from various healthcare fields in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index was used in an online survey. The results show high levels of empathy in both groups, influenced by age and gender. The students presented higher levels of personal distress, and their age was negatively correlated to empathy. Additionally, professionals working in physical health scored higher levels of personal distress compared to those in the field of emotional health. COVID-19 has placed social health systems in great stress. Despite this, the personal capacities for empathy of both students and health professionals have not been diminished.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Exercise: Text Mining Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9642
Author(s):  
Miquel Pans ◽  
Joaquin Madera ◽  
Luís-Millan González ◽  
Maite Pellicer-Chenoll
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Field

It is currently difficult to have a global state of the art vision of certain scientific topics. In the field of physical activity (PA) and exercise, this is due to information overload. The present study aims to provide a solution by analysing a large mass of scientific articles using text mining (TM). The purpose was to analyse what is being investigated in the PA health field on young people from primary, secondary and higher education. Titles and abstracts published in the Web of Science (WOS) database were analysed using TM on 24 November 2020, and after removing duplicates, 85,368 remained. The results show 9960 (unique) words and the most frequently used bi-grams and tri-grams. A co-occurrence network was also generated. ‘Health’ was the first term of importance and the most repeated bi-grams and tri-grams were ‘body_mass’ and ‘body_mass_index’. The analyses of the 20 topics identified focused on health-related terms, the social sphere, sports performance and research processes. It also found that the terms health and exercise have become more important in recent years.

The Role of Culture in Affective Empathy: Cultural and Bicultural Differences

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 309-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie Chung ◽  
Sherilynn Chan ◽  
Tracy G. Cassels
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Health ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Empathic Concern ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Social Emotional

AbstractEmpathy is essential for healthy relationships and overall well-being. Affective empathy is the emotional response to others’ distress and can take two forms: personal distress or empathic concern. In Western cultures, high empathic concern and low personal distress have been implicated in increased prosocial behaviour (e.g., Eisenberg et al., 1989) and better emotion management and peer relations (e.g., Eisenberg and Fabes, 1998). Various factors have been examined with respect to affective empathy, but the role of culture has received little attention. Previous work suggests that children from East Asian cultures compared to those from Western cultures experience greater personal distress and less empathic concern (e.g., Trommsdorff, 1995), but no work has specifically examined these differences in adolescents or individuals who identify as ‘bicultural’. The current research examines cultural differences in affective empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980) in an adolescent and young adult sample (n=190) and examines how empathy relates to social-emotional health in bicultural individuals. Consistent with research on children, East Asian adolescents reported greater personal distress and less empathic concern than their Western counterparts. The bicultural individuals’ scores fell in between the East Asian and Western groups, but revealed significant differences from their ‘uni-cultural’ peers, demonstrating shared influences of community and family. Importantly, however, the relationship between affective empathy and social-emotional health in bicultural individuals was the same as for Western individuals. The current results provide an important first step in understanding the different cultural influences on empathic responding in a previously understudied population ‐ bicultural individuals.

The Psychological Characteristics and Health Related Behavior of Adolescents: The Possible Roles of Social Physique Anxiety and Gender

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Caglar ◽  
Naile Bilgili ◽  
Ayda Karaca ◽  
Sultan Ayaz ◽  
F. Hülya Aşçi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Eating Attitude ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender

The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not the social physique anxiety level and gender have an influence on psychological characteristics and health related behavior of adolescents. Five hundred and ninety eight female (Mage= 14.95,SD= .70 years) and three hundred and eighty four male (Mage= 15.08,SD= .76 years) adolescents voluntarily participated in this study. The Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS), three subscales of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale as indicators of psychological characteristics were administered to all participants. The Eating Attitude Test and Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire were used to determine health related behavior. It was found that adolescents with high levels of SPA (HSPA) had more unfavourable eating attitudes, higher scores in socially-prescribed perfectionism, negative global physical self-worth and negative body related perceptions than those with low levels of SPA (LSPA). Physical activity levels of adolescents did not differ in the two SPA groups (high/low level). In addition, male adolescents in the present study were more physically active and had favorable eating attitudes and more positive self-perceptions of body fat and general physical self-worth than their female counterparts.

scholarly journals Emotions, Everyday Life, and the Social Web: Age, Gender, and Social Web Engagement Effects on Online Emotional Expression

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roser Beneito-Montagut
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Social Web ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

Emotional expression is key to the maintenance and development of interpersonal relationships (IR) online. This study develops and applies a novel analytical framework for the study of emotional expression on the social web in everyday life. The analytical framework proposed is based on previous ethnographic work and the self-reported measurement of the visual cues, action cues, and verbal cues that people use to express emotions on the social web. It is empirically tested, using an online survey of Spanish frequent Internet users (n = 301). The analysis focuses particularly on how age, gender, and social web engagement relate to emotional expression during online social interactions. We find that both personal characteristics (age and gender) and levels of social web usage affect emotional communication online. The effect size is particularly strong for gender. This article illustrates and reflects upon the potential of the proposed analytical framework for unveiling norms and strategies in online interaction rituals.

scholarly journals Adolescent’ Psychological Health Evaluation Using Investigative and Preventive Activities at School

Pedagogika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala Petrulytė ◽  
Virginija Guogienė
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologists ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
And Gender

In Lithuania high rates of child and adolescent emotional and behavioral difficulty level are still observed, which manifests itself in increasing almost unabated wide bullying in schools, suicide cases, low student learning motivation and school absenteeism. Psychological help purpose in educational institution – to strengthen and develop students‘ psychological health, to promote safe and environment-friendly development of persons school development. Preventive programs and applied research execution are one of the most important activities of school psychologists in the educational community, strengthening students’ psychological health and well-being. Introducing the adolescent psychological health investigation Lithuania. The aim. To investigate the 12–18-year-olds emotional and social health, and to identify differences by age and gender. The research methodology. Social and Emotional Health Questionnaire (SEHS-S Furlong, 2014). Research participants. 1 628 teenagers, aged from 12 to 18 years. The study was carried out in 13 Lithuanian cities and 16 schools. The data was processed by Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. The study findings. Observed teens emotional and social health dispositions expression differences among different genders and age groups. The results are significantly positive in the context of adolescent development, and contribute to the students’ psychological risk reduction, human development strengths and health education at school.

Self-Efficacy and Nutrition-Related Goal Achievement of MyFitnessPal Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-681
Author(s):  
Madison L. Bracken ◽  
Bradly M. Waite
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Mobile Health Applications ◽  
High Level

Mobile health applications (apps) are increasing in popularity to assist in health behavior change and maintenance. Drawing from constructs outlined within the social cognitive theory by Bandura, we explored how frequently users of a popular health app achieved their health-related goals. Participants reportedly used the MyFitnessPal (MFP) app within the past year completed an online survey on how often they used MFP, their self-efficacy for healthy eating (SE-HE), and achievement of nutrition-related goals. Findings suggest that higher levels of SE-HE and greater use of MFP predicted greater goal achievement. One important finding was that greater use of MFP related to increased reports for goal achievement when SE-HE was lower but not when participants showed high level of SE-HE. The results from this study suggest that MFP may be the most helpful for those who find it more difficult to meet their nutrition-related goals.

The Complexity of Health Disparities: More Than Just Black–White Differences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Charles Ellis ◽  
Molly Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Health Disparities ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Language Pathology

Health disparities have once again moved to the forefront of America's consciousness with the recent significant observation of dramatically higher death rates among African Americans with COVID-19 when compared to White Americans. Health disparities have a long history in the United States, yet little consideration has been given to their impact on the clinical outcomes in the rehabilitative health professions such as speech-language pathology/audiology (SLP/A). Consequently, it is unclear how the absence of a careful examination of health disparities in fields like SLP/A impacts the clinical outcomes desired or achieved. The purpose of this tutorial is to examine the issue of health disparities in relationship to SLP/A. This tutorial includes operational definitions related to health disparities and a review of the social determinants of health that are the underlying cause of such disparities. The tutorial concludes with a discussion of potential directions for the study of health disparities in SLP/A to identify strategies to close the disparity gap in health-related outcomes that currently exists.

Current Postvention Research and Priorities for the Future

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Andriessen ◽  
Dolores Angela Castelli Dransart ◽  
Julie Cerel ◽  
Myfanwy Maple
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Intercultural Collaboration ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Suicide Bereavement ◽  
Ethical Approval

Abstract. Background: Suicide can have a lasting impact on the social life as well as the physical and mental health of the bereaved. Targeted research is needed to better understand the nature of suicide bereavement and the effectiveness of support. Aims: To take stock of ongoing studies, and to inquire about future research priorities regarding suicide bereavement and postvention. Method: In March 2015, an online survey was widely disseminated in the suicidology community. Results: The questionnaire was accessed 77 times, and 22 records were included in the analysis. The respondents provided valuable information regarding current research projects and recommendations for the future. Limitations: Bearing in mind the modest number of replies, all from respondents in Westernized countries, it is not known how representative the findings are. Conclusion: The survey generated three strategies for future postvention research: increase intercultural collaboration, increase theory-driven research, and build bonds between research and practice. Future surveys should include experiences with obtaining research grants and ethical approval for postvention studies.

PAR Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Billies
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Critical Consciousness ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

The work of the Welfare Warriors Research Collaborative (WWRC), a participatory action research (PAR) project that looks at how low income lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and gender nonconforming (LG-BTGNC) people survive and resist violence and discrimination in New York City, raises the question of what it means to make conscientization, or critical consciousness, a core feature of PAR. Guishard's (2009) reconceptualization of conscientization as “moments of consciousness” provides a new way of looking at what seemed to be missing from WWRC's process and analysis. According to Guishard, rather than a singular awakening, critical consciousness emerges continually through interactions with others and the social context. Analysis of the WWRC's process demonstrates that PAR researchers doing “PAR deep” (Fine, 2008)—research in which community members share in all aspects of design, method, analysis and product development—should have an agenda for developing critical consciousness, just as they would have agendas for participation, for action, and for research.

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