scholarly journals Harm Perceptions and Beliefs about Potential Modified Risk Tobacco Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Morgan ◽  
Joseph N. Cappella
Keyword(s):  
Lower Risk ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Use Factors

Under US law, tobacco products may be authorized to claim lower exposure to chemicals, or lower risk of health harms. We sought to examine the harm perceptions and beliefs about potential modified risk tobacco products (MRTPs). We recruited 864 adult current and former smokers in August 2019. Participants read a paragraph describing the potential for the FDA to authorize MRTPs and a brief description of MRTPs. The most endorsed beliefs for each product were that they contained nicotine and that they were risky. Believing that e-cigarettes can help smokers quit smoking, that they tasted good, and looked cool were associated with greater odds of intending to try e-cigarettes after controlling for demographic and use factors. For snus, the beliefs that the product was not addictive and tasted good were associated with increased odds of intending to try snus. The beliefs that heated tobacco would taste good and would be a good quit aid was associated with increased odds of intentions to try heated tobacco products. Understanding what the public believes about products currently or potentially authorized to be marketed as modified risk tobacco products can inform communication efforts.

scholarly journals REPEATABILITY OF A CALIBRATED DIGITAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER FOR DENTAL SHADE EVALUATION IN CURRENT, FORMER AND NEVER SMOKERS – STUDY PROTOCOL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Conte ◽  
Sebastiano Antonio Pacino ◽  
Salvatore Urso ◽  
Rosalia Emma ◽  
Fabio Cibella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Dental Aesthetics ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Clear Objective

ABSTRACTDespite the negative impact of cigarette smoking on oral health and teeth appearance, there is no data available on dental shade changes in smokers who quit smoking. Dental discoloration caused by smoking may be permanent, with minimal restoration after stopping smoking. If this is valid, former smokers can show dental shade values equivalent to those of current smokers.The aim of this study is to compare the dental shade assessment by digital spectrophotometry (VITA Easyshade V) in current, former and never smokers and to verify the short (7 days) and long-term (30 days) repeatability of these measurements.Confirmation of good reproducibility of VITA Easyshade V with clear objective discrimination of dental shade measurements among current, former, and never smokers will improve the power of this measurement giving more confidence in clinical research findings of dental shades in these populations.It is also anticipated that results from the study will expand the application of this measurements to include medical and regulatory research applied to combustion-free tobacco products (e.g. e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, oral tobacco/nicotine products, etc.), smoking cessation medications, and to consumer care product for oral hygiene and dental aesthetics.

scholarly journals Reasons for Regularly Using Heated Tobacco Products among Adult Current and Former Smokers in Japan: Finding from 2018 ITC Japan Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve S. Xu ◽  
Gang Meng ◽  
Mi Yan ◽  
Shannon Gravely ◽  
Anne C. K. Quah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Acceptability ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Former Smokers

The market growth of heated tobacco products (HTPs), such as IQOS, Ploom TECH, and glo, has increased dramatically in Japan since 2016. Little is known about the reasons why current and former smokers are using HTPs. The data for this cross-sectional study were from the 2018 (Wave 1) International Tobacco Control (ITC) Japan Survey, a national web-based survey of 4500 people, including 658 current HTP users, of whom 549 were concurrently smoking cigarettes and 109 were former smokers. The most common reasons for regularly using HTPs were: beliefs that HTP are less harmful than cigarettes to themselves (90.6%) or to others (86.7%), enjoyment (76.5%), and social acceptability (74.4%). About half of current smokers (55.1%) reported using HTPs because these products might help them quit smoking. However, a near-equal percentage (52.0%) of current smokers reported using HTPs to replace some of the cigarettes they smoked so that they did not have to give up smoking altogether. If smokers are using HTPs to complement rather than quit their smoking, then the harm reduction potential of HTPs suggested by the toxicity studies will be diminished.

scholarly journals How do former smokers perceive information about nicotine products? Evidence from Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tove Sohlberg ◽  
Patrik Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Risk Information ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Promotion Strategies

Purpose Health promotion strategies often attempt to change people’s behavior through targeting their risk perceptions. These perceptions may, however, be moderated by other factors. This study therefore aimed at investigating the trustworthiness and consistency of risk information, as well as respondent perceptions of the adequacy of amount received among a representative sample of former smokers, and how this information is related to gender, age, education level and whether using nicotine or not. Design/methodology/approach The respondents are part of a seven-year follow-up of former smokers in Sweden. Initially, 1400 respondents were contacted, whereof 705 (response rate 50%) answered a Web-survey. The majority (85 %) was still nicotine-free but some made use of nicotine in different forms. The data analysis includes descriptive statistics and logistic regressions. Findings Most respondents trusted risk information whether offered by the public authorities or came from other sources such as media, and generally perceived that there was an adequate amount. However, there were some differences between the products, where quite a few distrusted information on Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRTs) and some perceived the information on snus and NRTs as contradictory and too little. Originality/value Knowledge about how former smokers perceive information regarding negative aspects of cigarette use may facilitate more effective risk communication with current smokers, and it may also be important for communicating information about other nicotine products to those who are trying to or who already have quit smoking.

Smoking

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
Daniel Ashipala ◽  
Nestor Tomas ◽  
Joel M. H. Medusalem
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
The World

Smoking involves inhaling, exhaling, holding or otherwise having control over an ignited tobacco product. This practice remains a global budden and deaths caused by smoking-related conditions is believed to have escalated. Many countries in the world have policies in place that regulate the production, transportation, handling and utilization of tobacco products in order to compact this budden of smoking. Despite these effort, various contributing factors of smoking amongst which peer-pressure forms part, are believed to be cause of an increase in the number of new smokers. Nicotine is one of the constituents of tobacco smoke which causes a pleasant feelings which in return contributes to addiction. Cigarette smoke contains thousands of chemicals with some known to be carcinogens. Smoking during pregnancy poses danger to a pregnant mother and her unborn babe as they exchange blood. The public needs to be educated on the danger of smoking, and exposure to second-hand smoke as well as on strategies that one can follow to quit smoking.

scholarly journals Impact of modified risk tobacco product claims on beliefs of US adults and adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. s62-s69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherine El-Toukhy ◽  
Sabeeh A Baig ◽  
Michelle Jeong ◽  
M Justin Byron ◽  
Kurt M Ribisl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Public ◽  
Product Marketing ◽  
Similar Quantity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Product Claims

ObjectiveUnder US law, tobacco product marketing may claim lower exposure to chemicals, or lower risk of health harms, only if these claims do not mislead the public. We sought to examine the impact of such marketing claims about potential modified risk tobacco products (MRTPs).MethodsParticipants were national samples of 4797 adults and 969 adolescent US smokers and non-smokers. We provided information about a potential MRTP (heated tobacco product, electronic cigarette or snus). Experiment 1 stated that the MRTP was as harmful as cigarettes or less harmful (lower risk claim). Experiment 2 stated that the MRTP exposed users to a similar quantity of harmful chemicals as cigarettes or to fewer chemicals (lower exposure claim).ResultsClaiming lower risk led to lower perceived quantity of chemicals and lower perceived risk among adults and adolescents (all p<0.05, Experiment 1). Among adults, this claim led to higher susceptibility to using the MRTP (p<0.05). Claiming lower exposure led to lower perceived chemical quantity and lower perceived risk (all p<0.05), but had no effect on use susceptibility (Experiment 2). Participants thought that snus exposed users to more chemicals and was less safe to use than heated tobacco products or electronic cigarette MRTPs (Experiments 1 and 2).DiscussionRisk and exposure claims acted similarly on MRTP beliefs. Lower exposure claims misled the public to perceive lower perceived risk even though no lower risk claim was explicitly made, which is impermissible under US law.

scholarly journals Psychological morbidity as a moderator of intention to quit smoking: a study of smokers and former smokers

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Besteiro Afonso ◽  
Maria Graca Pereira Alves
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Psychological Morbidity ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Emotional Representations ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: To analyze psychological morbidity as a moderator of the relationship between smoking representations and quality of life in smokers and former smokers, as well as to determine which psychological variables discriminate between smokers with and without the intention to quit smoking. METHODS: This was a quantitative, correlational cross-sectional study involving a convenience sample of 224 smokers and 169 former smokers. RESULTS: In smokers and former smokers, psychological morbidity had a moderating effect on the relationship between mental/physical quality of life and smoking representations (cognitive representations, emotional representations, and comprehensibility). Smokers with the intention to quit smoking more often presented with low comprehensibility, threatening emotional representations, behavioral beliefs, and perceived behavioral control, as well as with normative/control beliefs, than did those without the intention to quit. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study underscore the importance of the moderating effect exerted by psychological morbidity, as well as that of sociocognitive variables, among smokers who have the intention to quit smoking.

scholarly journals Use of heated tobacco products by people with chronic diseases: The 2019 JASTIS study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260154
Author(s):  
Chikako Nakama ◽  
Takahiro Tabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Internet Study

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) have become popular recently. People with chronic disease, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cancer, should quit smoking for treatment and recurrence of tobacco-related diseases. However, they have difficulty in quitting smoking, and they may start HTPs use to quit smoking. The purpose of this study is to examine the use of HTPs in people with chronic disease. We used data from an internet study, the Japan Society and New Tobacco Internet Survey (JASTIS). We analyzed 9,008 respondents aged 15–73 years in 2019 using logistic regression. Current use of tobacco products was defined as use within the previous 30 days. Prevalence of current HTP use including dual use and dual use with cigarettes was 9.0% and 6.1% respectively in total. By disease: hypertension 10.2% and 7.4%, diabetes 15.9% and 12.3%, CVD 19.2% and 15.7%, COPD 40.5% and 33.3%, and cancer 17.5% and 11.9%. Diabetes, CVD, COPD, and cancer were positively associated with current use of HTPs (odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.48 (1.06, 2.07), 2.29 (1.38, 3.80), 3.97(1.73, 9.11), and 3.58(1.99, 6.44), respectively) and dual use of cigarettes and HTPs (ORs and 95% CIs: 2.23 (1.61, 3.09), 3.58 (2.29, 5.60), 7.46 (3.76, 14.80), and 2.57 (1.46, 4.55), respectively) after adjusting for confounders. People with chronic disease were more likely to use HTPs and HTPs together with cigarettes. Further research on the smoking situation of HTPs in patients with chronic diseases is necessary.

scholarly journals ENDS - a growing threat: results from Russian tobacco control policy evaluation survey EPOCHA-RF

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M H Gambaryan ◽  
A M Kalinina ◽  
M V Popovich ◽  
M L Starovoytov ◽  
O M Drapkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Tobacco Control Policy ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Evaluation Survey

Abstract Background Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) including heated tobacco products not yet legally regulated are more and more imposed over the Russian population. Still very little is known about these products. Aim To assess the exposure of Russian population to advertisement, promotion, of ENDS, and its attitudes and beliefs regarding these products. Methods Data from Russian tobacco control policy evaluation survey (2017-2018) are analysed which used a systematic stratified multistage random sampling based on territorial household principle, representing the adult population (18+) of Russia in 10 Federal subjects. 20380 randomly selected respondents were interviewed and a stratified sample (n = 11625) of smokers (n = 6569), former smokers (n = 2377) and never smokers (n = 2679) participated in the survey. Results In past 6 months 15.7% of the respondents were exposed to promotion of ENDS via internet, 14%-via social networks and 13.4% at the points of sale. Remarkably the youngest age group (18-24) was significantly more exposed to advertisement and promotion of ENDS from all sources than the rest of age groups: 32.6%, 32.3% and 24.3% respectively (p&lt;.0001). 48% of respondents believe that secondhand vape of e-cigarettes is harmful for health of people, with significant differences among current smokers (40%), recent quitters (53%), former smokers (60%) and never smokers (66%). Majority agreed that it is necessary to regulate allowed amounts of nicotine in e-liquids (54%), to ban vaping in public places where tobacco smoking is banned (59.2%), ban the sales of these products to minors (68%), and the use of e-cigarettes by those (71.2%). 61.5% support the need for ban of all forms of advertisement, marketing and promotion of ENDS. Conclusions ENDS present a real threat for Russian tobacco control policy achievements. The findings will be used to support new strong legislation to regulate ENDS in Russia. Key messages Young people much more than the others are targeted with advertisement and promotion of ENDS. ENDS present a real threat for Russian tobacco control policy and should be legally regulated like any tobacco products.

The Association Between Smoking Cessation Period and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Men

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwang Sik Shin ◽  
Jung Eun Oh ◽  
Yong Jin Cho
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
History Of ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers

The association between smoking cessation period and metabolic syndrome (MS) is currently unknown. We studied 6032 men aged >19 years who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys between 2010 and 2012. The risk of MS according to the amount of smoking and duration of smoking cessation was examined, and adjusted for age, amount of alcohol consumed, physical activity, body mass index, income, and education levels. Compared with never-smokers, there was a significant increase in the risk of MS among current smokers >10 pack-years and former smokers with a history of pack-years >30. The odds ratio for MS increased with smoking amount in both current and former smokers. But the risk of MS in former smokers was no longer significant after 20 years of smoking cessation adjusted for past smoking amount. Thus, to prevent MS, current smokers should quit smoking early and former smokers should continue quitting.

scholarly journals Gingivitis Susceptibility and its Relation to Periodontitis in Men

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 1134-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Dietrich ◽  
E. Krall Kaye ◽  
M.E. Nunn ◽  
T. Van Dyke ◽  
R.I. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bleeding On Probing ◽  
Attachment Loss ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Former Smokers

The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate whether gingivitis susceptibility is associated with periodontitis. We analyzed data of 462 men in the VA Dental Longitudinal Study aged 47 to 92 years who had never smoked or had quit smoking 5+ years previously. Multiple logistic regression models, with tooth-level bleeding on probing at sites with attachment loss ≤ 2 mm as the dependent variable, were derived with adjustment for plaque, calculus, crown coverage, age, income, education, marital status, body mass index, diabetes, and vitamin C intake, and stratification by age (< 65, 65+ years). Periodontitis and mean attachment loss were positively associated with bleeding on probing, with stronger associations among men < 65 years old (for periodontitis, OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.5, 3.1) than men 65+ years of age (OR 1.2; 95% CI 0.9, 1.6). Our results suggest that among never and former smokers, gingivitis susceptibility is higher among men with periodontitis compared with that in men without periodontitis.

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