A Scoping Review of Psychosocial Risks to Health Workers during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has exposed health workers to a diverse set of hazards impacting their physical, psychological and social wellbeing. This review aims to provide an overview of the categories of the psychosocial risk factors and hazards affecting HCWs during the Covid-19 pandemic and the recommendations for prevention. We used the scoping review methodology to collate categories of psychosocial risks, the related health outcomes, interventions, and data gaps. The review was conducted on global peer-reviewed academic and authoritative grey literature, published between 1. January–26. October 2020; in total, 220 articles were included into the review and the subsequent analysis. Analysis of the extracted data found PSRs related to four sources: personal protective equipment (PPE), job content, work organisation, and social context. is. Women health workers and nurses reported worst health outcomes. Majority of the research to date concerns health workers in secondary care, while data on psychosocial risks at primary and community-based settings are scarce. However, the emerging research implies that the pandemic creates psychosocial risks also to non-clinical health workers. The intervention and mitigation measures address individual and organisational levels. Preventative and mitigating measures for social and societal risks—such as staff shortages, intersecting inequalities, and financial stressors require further research.

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Use of touchscreen tablet technology by people with dementia in homes: A scoping review

Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering ◽

10.1177/2055668317733382 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 205566831773338 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Danielle Hitch ◽

Jodie Swan ◽

Ruth Pattison ◽

Rachel Stefaniak

Keyword(s):

Home Environment ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Reference List ◽

Exploratory Research ◽

Culturally Appropriate ◽

Community Based ◽

Home Environments ◽

People With Dementia

Background The aim of this scoping review was to identify the range, extent and nature of research around the use of touchscreen tablets by people with dementia in their home environment, particularly in regards to its use as a means of supporting participation in meaningful and socially connected activity. Methods A review of both peer-reviewed and grey literature was undertaken across 61 databases, along with reference list checking for articles published between 2010 and 2016. Results Twelve articles were included in this review, predominantly from Western European cultures and community-based home environments. The studies were exploratory in nature, with the majority focusing on the development of applications for people with dementia. Conclusions The study identified a range of exploratory research related to the use of touchscreen tablets by people with dementia. However, there were significant gaps within this evidence base, which provide opportunities for further research using more robust methodologies. Given the ubiquitous nature of touchscreen tablets in modern communities, further research could facilitate their use as a minimally stigmatizing and culturally appropriate form of support for people with dementia.

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Health risks and mitigation strategies from occupational exposure to wildland fire: a scoping review

Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology ◽

10.1186/s12995-021-00328-w ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Erica Koopmans ◽

Katie Cornish ◽

Trina M. Fyfe ◽

Katherine Bailey ◽

Chelsea A. Pelletier

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Wildland Fire ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Glutamine Supplementation ◽

List Type ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objectives Due to accelerating wildland fire activity, there is mounting urgency to understand, prevent, and mitigate the occupational health impacts associated with wildland fire suppression. The objectives of this review of academic and grey literature were to: Identify the impact of occupational exposure to wildland fires on physical, mental, and emotional health; and Examine the characteristics and effectiveness of prevention, mitigation, or management strategies studied to reduce negative health outcomes associated with occupational exposure to wildland fire. Methods Following established scoping review methods, academic literature as well as government and industry reports were identified by searching seven academic databases and through a targeted grey literature search. 4679 articles were screened using pre-determined eligibility criteria. Data on study characteristics, health outcomes assessed, prevention or mitigation strategies studied, and main findings were extracted from each included document. The results of this scoping review are presented using descriptive tables and a narrative summary to organize key findings. Results The final sample was comprised of 100 articles: 76 research articles and 24 grey literature reports. Grey literature focused on acute injuries and fatalities. Health outcomes reported in academic studies focused on respiratory health (n = 14), mental health (n = 16), and inflammation and oxidative stress (n = 12). The identified studies evaluated short-term outcomes measuring changes across a single shift or wildland fire season. Most research was conducted with wildland firefighters and excluded personnel such as aviation crews, contract crews, and incident management teams. Five articles reported direct study of mitigation strategies, focusing on the potential usage of masks, advanced hygiene protocols to reduce exposure, fluid intake to manage hydration and core temperature, and glutamine supplementation to reduce fatigue. Conclusions While broad in scope, the evidence base linking wildland fire exposure to any one health outcome is limited. The lack of long-term evidence on changes in health status or morbidity is a clear evidence gap and there is a need to prioritize research on the mental and physical health impact of occupational exposure to wildland fire.

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Mapping Evidence on Community-Based Clinical Education Models for Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students: Protocol for a Scoping Review

JMIR Research Protocols ◽

10.2196/19039 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. e19039

Author(s):

Nomzamo Charity Thobekile Chemane ◽

Verusia Chetty ◽

Saul Cobbing

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Clinical Education ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Boolean Logic ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Community Based ◽

Physiotherapy Students

Background Community-based clinical training has been advocated as an excellent approach to transformation in clinical education. Clinical education for undergraduate physiotherapy students is a hands-on practical experience that aims to provide a student with the skills necessary to enable them to be fit to practice independently. However, in many countries, including South Africa, this training has been conducted only in large urban academic hospitals. Such hospitals are not a true reflection of the environment that these students will most likely be facing as practicing health care professionals. Objective The objective of this scoping review is to map out existing evidence on community-based clinical education models for undergraduate physiotherapy students globally. Methods A systematic scoping review will be based on the 2005 Arksey and O’Malley framework. Studies involving students and stakeholders in clinical education will be included. This review will not be limited by time of publication. An electronic search of relevant literature, including peer-reviewed primary studies and grey literature, will be conducted from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases. The search strategy will include keywords such as “education,” “physiotherapy,” “undergraduate,” “community-based,” “training,” “decentralized,” and “distributed.” Boolean logic will be used for each search string. Two independent reviewers will conduct screening of titles, abstracts, and full text before extracting articles. A predesigned data-charting table will supplement the extraction of data. Version 12 NVIVO software will aide in the thematic analysis of data. Results Data collection will commence after publication of this protocol, and the results are expected to be obtained in the following 5 months. Conclusions The evidence obtained from the extracted data is expected to assist in the development of a model of community-based clinical education for undergraduate physiotherapy students in South Africa, and serve as a basis for future research. The discussion of this evidence will be guided by the research question utilizing a critical narrative approach to explore emerging themes. The enablers and barriers identified from the reviewed studies can guide the development of a community-based clinical education model. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/19039

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Resilience support to enhance positive health outcomes for police officers in five Anglosphere nations: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038895 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e038895

Author(s):

Audrey Steenbeek ◽

Chris Giacomantonio ◽

Arlene Brooks ◽

Camilla Holmvall ◽

Ziwa Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Police Officers ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Life Outcomes ◽

Global Business ◽

Quality Of Life Outcomes

IntroductionLaw enforcement involves exposure to threatening situations and traumatic events that place police officers at risk for negative physical and mental health outcomes. Resilience support, among other elements of training, may help mitigate these risks, yet little is known about which aspects of resilience support help officers achieve better health and quality of life outcomes.Methods and analysisThis review will consider all literature that examines the links between resilience support, physical/mental health and quality of life outcomes for police officers in five Anglosphere nations: Canada, the USA, Australia, New Zealand and the UK. This review will include all literature (including those that show null or negative links) involving any public policing agency that has a formal rank structure and includes a localized, uniformed emergency response function. Resilience support may include, but is not limited to: tools, policies, models, frameworks, programmes and organizational features that seek to promote positive, physical/mental health and quality of life outcomes at three levels of resilience: (1) readiness and preparedness, (2) response and adaptation, (3) recovery and adjustment. Peer reviewed and grey literature examining resilience support since 2000 that focuses on police officers are eligible for inclusion. Databases/sources to be searched will include: PsycINFO, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Public Affair Index, Campbell Collaboration, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, Business Source Complete, Scopus and Google. Retrieval of full-text, English-language studies (and other literature), data extraction, data synthesis and data mapping will be performed independently by two reviewers, following Joanna Briggs Institute methodology.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this scoping review, and the literature search will start in November 2020 or upon acceptance of this protocol. The findings of the scoping review will be available [April 2021] and will be published in a peer reviewed journal.

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Synthesizing evidence regarding community-based volunteer facilitated programs supporting integrated care transitions from hospital to home: A scoping review protocol

10.1101/2021.02.20.21251514 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michelle L. A. Nelson ◽

Alana Armas ◽

Rachel Thombs ◽

Hardeep Singh ◽

Joseph Fulton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Integrated Care ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Care Transitions ◽

Voluntary Sector ◽

Future Research ◽

Community Based ◽

Hospital To Home

AbstractBackgroundGiven the risks inherent in care transitions, it is imperative that patients discharged from hospital to home receive the integrated care services necessary to ensure that the transition is successful. Despite efforts by the health care sector to develop health system solutions to improve transitions, problems persist. Research on transitional support has predominantly focused on services delivered by health care professionals; the evidence for services provided by lay navigators or volunteers in supporting people transitioning from hospital to home has not been synthesized to guide practice, policy or future research.AimThis is a protocol for a scoping review that will examine the role and contributions of voluntary sector personnel and services to support transitions from hospital to home.MethodsUsing the well-established scoping review methodology outlined by Arksey and O’Malley, a six-stage study is outlined (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) selecting studies, (4) charting the data, (5) collating, summarizing and reporting the results, and (6) providing consultation. The search strategy, designed by an information scientist, is applied to ten databases reflecting empirical and grey literature sources. A two-stage screening process will be used to determine eligibility of articles. To be included in the review, articles must report on a community-based program that engages volunteers in the provisions of services that support adults transitioning from hospital to home. All articles will be independently assessed for eligibility, and data from eligible articles will be abstracted and charted using a standardized form. Extracted data will be analyzed using narrative and descriptive analyses. Research ethics approval is not required for this scoping review.DiscussionThis scoping review will map the available literature focused on the contributions of voluntary sector personnel and services to support transitions from hospital to home.

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Intergenerational Engagement in Residential Settings: A Scoping Review of the Literature

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.3085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 851-851

Author(s):

Andrea Gardiola ◽

Raza Mirza ◽

Amanda Bull ◽

Christopher Klinger ◽

Jessica Hsieh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Age Groups ◽

Future Research ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Hand Search ◽

Intergenerational Interactions ◽

The Impact

Abstract Intergenerational engagement provides a rich environment for people of different ages to come together and exchange life stories, skills, and knowledge. Today, intergenerational interactions are decreasing, however, these exchanges can have positive implications for seniors in residential care homes (RCHs) and younger persons. A scoping review following Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step framework was conducted to investigate the impact of intergenerational engagement and programs (IGPs) on older adults in RCHs. A systematic search of ten electronic databases and hand search of references was carried out; thematic content analysis to established key themes. A total of 1,183 academic and grey literature sources were reviewed, with 66 full-text studies assessed for eligibility. Of these sources, 35 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies highlighted four main themes: 1. Types of IGPs, 2. Psycho-social benefits for older adults and improved status among elders with cognitive impairments, 3. Younger person benefits, suggesting reduced ageism and improved social and communication skills, and 4. Program recommendations, including the need for enthusiastic program facilitators, coordination between facilities, sensitivity training for younger persons, detailed advertisements, and appropriate activities for different age groups. Findings inform future practice and research, highlighting that IGPs are an effective strategy to alleviate negative health outcomes for seniors in RCHs. Future research is needed to evaluate long-term effects and further health outcomes. IGPs provide an opportunity to facilitate purposeful and reciprocal relationships between generations, fostering intergenerational understanding. By studying IGPs and intergenerational interactions, we can better determine practices that meaningfully engage elders in RCHs in Canada.

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Community interventions improving mental health in minority ethnic adults in the UK: a scoping review

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

C Baskin ◽

G Zijlstra ◽

M McGrath ◽

C Lee ◽

F Duncan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Workers ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Ethnographic Study ◽

Community Interventions ◽

Small Scale ◽

The Uk ◽

Minority Ethnic

Abstract Background Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) groups in the UK are disproportionately affected by poor mental health. This scoping review sought to determine the effectiveness of community interventions designed to improve the metal health and wellbeing of adults from BAME groups in the UK. Methods We searched six electronic academic databases for studies published between 1990- 2019. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist and the Template for Intervention description and replication (TIDieR) guide was used for data extraction and intervention descriptions. Quality was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias tools. Grey literature results were deemed beyond the scope of this review; numerous (>50) small scale community interventions were found without available outcomes data. Results Of 4,501 studies, seven met the inclusion criteria: four randomised control trials, one pre and post pilot study, one cross sectional study and one ethnographic study. Interventions included therapy-style sessions, peer-support groups, educational materials, gym access, and a family services programme. Common components included a focus on tackling social isolation, using lay health workers from within the community, signposting, and cultural adaptation. Only three studies reported a statistically significant positive outcome on mental health and six were appraised as having a high risk of bias. Knowledge gaps emerged around effective interventions for men, some BAME groups, and tackling the wider determinants of mental health. Conclusions There is a paucity of high-quality evidence on community interventions focussed on improving public mental health among BAME groups. Decision makers need scientific evidence to inform effective approaches to mitigating health disparities. Our next steps are to map promising community activities and interventions that are currently being provided to help identify emerging evidence. Key messages Evidence is limited and weak on community interventions that reduce mental health burden among minority ethnic people. Evaluation of promising interventions at scale can close the evidence gap.

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Key elements and effects of cardiovascular disease management programs based on community-based participatory research: protocol for a scoping review

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01804-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Juhyeon Yang ◽

Eunsim Kim ◽

Bohyun Park

Keyword(s):

Participatory Research ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Economic Status ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Implementation Process ◽

Community Based Participatory Research ◽

Open Science ◽

Community Based ◽

Science Framework

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are health problems that demonstrate high death and prevalence rates, and exhibit large health inequalities across different socio-economic status. Although interest in community-based participatory research (CBPR) is increasing because of the efforts to improve health equity, not enough literature review has been conducted on CBPR-based CVD management programs. The objective of this scoping review is to identify the key elements that should be considered when developing CBPR-based CVD management programs, and explore the effects of CBPR-based CVD management programs. Methods This study will use the databases of PubMed, Cochrane, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) including grey literature. The criteria for selecting literature will be research that was published in or after 2000, applied CBPR, and either developed or implemented CVD management programs. No limit will be placed on the research design or method. Data extraction will be conducted independently by two researchers, and in the case of data mismatch, a consensus will be reached through discussion. The extracted data will be combined through narrative synthesis. Discussion This scoping review will identify specific methods in the development and implementation process of CBPR-based CVD management programs, as well as the characteristics of the programs that were shown to be effective. Therefore, it will be able to provide specific guidelines to researchers, government agencies, and local organizations to design and implement participatory health promotion programs related to CVDs. Systematic review registration Open Science Framework 10.17605/OSF.IO/ZW2UY

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Working with families: A systematic scoping review of family-centred care in universal, community-based maternal, child, and family health services

Journal of Child Health Care ◽

10.1177/1367493520930172 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 136749352093017

Author(s):

Lael Ridgway ◽

Naomi Hackworth ◽

Jan M Nicholson ◽

Lisa McKenna

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Family Health ◽

Early Years ◽

Community Members ◽

Community Based ◽

Care And Support ◽

Reference Checking ◽

Maternal Child

Children’s long- and short-term health and developmental outcomes can be improved when families are engaged and supported, and inform care planning. Family-centred care (FCC) underpins policy directions for universal, community-based, child and family health services in the early years, although its implementation in this context is poorly understood. This systematic scoping review of the current literature aimed to improve understanding of FCC implementation in maternal, child, and family health universal services. Key databases and grey literature were searched using descriptors of maternal, child, and family health population and context, and FCC concept. Reference checking identified further literature for analysis. Thirteen included papers reported on nine studies from Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. Limited participant representation of fathers and diverse community members was evident. Deductive thematic analysis identified four areas of FCC demonstrated in this literature: respectful relationships, effective communication to foster shared understanding, flexible and contextualized care, and support for autonomy and agency. The literature demonstrated the interplay between organizational, professional, and recipient factors and their impact on the implementation of FCC. For successful FCC implementation, all these elements should be considered.

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Mapping Evidence on Community-Based Clinical Education Models for Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.19039 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nomzamo Charity Thobekile Chemane ◽

Verusia Chetty ◽

Saul Cobbing

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Clinical Education ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Boolean Logic ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Community Based ◽

Physiotherapy Students

BACKGROUND Community-based clinical training has been advocated as an excellent approach to transformation in clinical education. Clinical education for undergraduate physiotherapy students is a hands-on practical experience that aims to provide a student with the skills necessary to enable them to be fit to practice independently. However, in many countries, including South Africa, this training has been conducted only in large urban academic hospitals. Such hospitals are not a true reflection of the environment that these students will most likely be facing as practicing health care professionals. OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to map out existing evidence on community-based clinical education models for undergraduate physiotherapy students globally. METHODS A systematic scoping review will be based on the 2005 Arksey and O’Malley framework. Studies involving students and stakeholders in clinical education will be included. This review will not be limited by time of publication. An electronic search of relevant literature, including peer-reviewed primary studies and grey literature, will be conducted from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases. The search strategy will include keywords such as “education,” “physiotherapy,” “undergraduate,” “community-based,” “training,” “decentralized,” and “distributed.” Boolean logic will be used for each search string. Two independent reviewers will conduct screening of titles, abstracts, and full text before extracting articles. A predesigned data-charting table will supplement the extraction of data. Version 12 NVIVO software will aide in the thematic analysis of data. RESULTS Data collection will commence after publication of this protocol, and the results are expected to be obtained in the following 5 months. CONCLUSIONS The evidence obtained from the extracted data is expected to assist in the development of a model of community-based clinical education for undergraduate physiotherapy students in South Africa, and serve as a basis for future research. The discussion of this evidence will be guided by the research question utilizing a critical narrative approach to explore emerging themes. The enablers and barriers identified from the reviewed studies can guide the development of a community-based clinical education model. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/19039

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