scholarly journals Different Curve Shapes of Fasting Glucose and Various Obesity-Related Indices by Diabetes and Sex

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3096
Author(s):  
Wei-Lun Wen ◽  
Pei-Yu Wu ◽  
Jiun-Chi Huang ◽  
Hung-Pin Tu ◽  
Szu-Chia Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Males And Females

Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and obesity-related indices are prognostic factors for adverse outcomes in both subjects with and without diabetes. A few studies have investigated sex differences in obesity indices related to the risk of diabetes, however no studies have compared the relationship between FPG and obesity-related indices by diabetes and sex. Therefore, in this study, we compared the curve shapes of FPG and various obesity-related indices by diabetes, and further explored sex differences in these associations. Data were derived from the Taiwan Biobank database, which included 5000 registered individuals. We used an adjusted generalized linear regression model and calculated the difference of least square means (Lsmean; standard error, SE) for males and females with and without diabetes. Associations between obesity-related indices and fasting glucose level by diabetes and sex groups were estimated, and the ORTHOREG procedure was used to construct B-splines. The post-fitting for linear models procedure was used to determine the range at which the trends separated significantly. The diabetes/sex/FPG interaction term was significant for all obesity-related indices, including body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, lipid accumulation product, body roundness index, conicity index, body adiposity index and abdominal volume index. B-spline comparisons between males and females did not reach significance. However, FPG affected the trend towards obesity-related indices. As the fasting glucose level increased, the values of obesity-related indices varied more obviously in the participants without diabetes than in those with diabetes mellitus. The current study revealed that there was a different relationship between FPG and obesity-related indices by diabetes and sex. FPG affected the trend towards obesity-related indices more obviously in participants without diabetes than in those with diabetes. Further studies with a longitudinal design would provide a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms for the relationships.

Clinical course of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM in relation to the method and term of diagnostic

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
Irina Bunak ◽  
Aleksandr Dreval' ◽  
Tat'jana Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Fasting Glucose

Background and aims. Due to changes in criteria of diagnosis of GDM in Russia from 2013, it is relevant to study clinical course of GDM and pregnancy outcomes depending on terms and methods of diagnosis of GDM.Material and methods. 192 pregnant women aged 29,4±5,5ys, with a body weight 68,8±14,8 kg, BMI 25,3±5,3. 1st group: 86 pregnant women with high fasting glucose level before 20th week of pregnancy, 2nd group: 43 pregnant women with hyperglycemia in OGTT after 20th week of pregnancy, 3rd group: 63 pregnant women without GDM - control group.Results. Pregnant women with GDM were older than non-GDM women (29,5±5,4ys., 30,8±5,3ys., 28,4±5,7ys, р=0,05) and had higher body weight (72,3±16,9 kg, 68,0±12,4 kg, 64,4±11,5 kg, р=0,016). There weren't difference in age, BMI between groups 1st and 2nd. The proportion of compliant women was the same in groups 1st and 2nd (38,4% and 34,9%, p=0,85). Pregnant women who needed insulin were older and had higher BMI (32,4 ± 5,3 ys. vs. 28,9 ± 5,4 ys, р=0,04; 29,7 ± 7,1vs.25,6 ± 5,7, р=0,03 respectively). The number of women treated by insulin was higher in 2nd group (46,6%vs.15,5%, p=0,03). Women, who treated by insulin, were younger and had higher BMI in 1st group compared with 2nd group (29, 0±4,7ys vs 35,0±4,3ys, р=0,03; 34,4±5,7 vs 26,1±5,9 respectively, р=0,02). There was a significant difference in delivery term and summary severe adverse outcomes (macrosomia, preterm delivery, stillbirth) between non-compliant women with GDM and 3rd group (38,6±2,7ws 1st group, 38,0±1,9ws 2nd group, 39,5±1,09ws 3rd group, р=0,008; 34,3% 1st group, 66,7% 2nd group, 19,4% 3rd group, р=0,027). The frequency of macrosomia and summary adverse pragnancy outcomes (hypoglicemia, neonatal jaundice, clavicle fracture, asphyxia) was higher in non-compliant women with GDM compared with compliant women ((29,5% vs. 12,2%, р=0,03; 70,5% vs. 46,3%, р=0,02 respectively).Conclusions: Pregnant women with GDM diagnosed on base of high fasting glucose level, need insulin less frequently. Pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM depend on compliance rather than on terms or methods of diagnosis. 

scholarly journals Long-term Absolute Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Stratified by Fasting Glucose Level

Diabetes Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Bancks ◽  
Hongyan Ning ◽  
Norrina B. Allen ◽  
Alain G. Bertoni ◽  
Mercedes R. Carnethon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level

scholarly journals GENE POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS OF CHEMOKINES, CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS, ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS, AND CD14 IN FEMALE OBESITY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-746
Author(s):  
O. V. Kochetova ◽  
L. Z. Akhmadishina ◽  
G. F. Korytina ◽  
Т. V. Victorova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level

In the present study, we have investigated frequency of genotypes and functional alleles of genes encoding chemokines (CXCL12 rs1801157, CCL2 rs1024611), chemokine receptors (CCR5 del32, CX3CR1 rs3732378), acute phase proteins SAA rs1136743, and CD14 rs2569190 polymorphisms among Tatar obese or overweight women from the Republic of Bashkortostan.The group of patients comprised unrelated women with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n = 225), females with overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2, n = 184), and control group of women (n = 327) BMI < 25.0 kg/m2. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. Patients and controls differed in such parameters as body weight (p = 0.00001), BMI level (p = 0.001) and fasting glucose level (p = 0.0001).An association was revealed between obesity andAG-AAgenotypes (p = 0.007) andAallele (p = 0.003) of polymorphic locus rs3732378 ofCXCR1gene, as well asTTgenotype (p = 0.027) andTallele (p = 0.021) of polymorphic locus rs1136743 ofSAAgene. It has been shown that theAAgenotype of polymorphic locus rs3732378 of theCX3CR1gene is associated with increased body weight (p = 0.002) and elevated BMI (p = 0.018); theGGgenotype of polymorphic locus rs1024611 of theCCL2gene is associated with elevated fasting glucose level (p = 0.001).As based on clinical and genetic data and using logistic regression, some statistically significant differences were revealed, which allow to predict development of obesity in Tatar women.

scholarly journals Association of impaired fasting glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with brain volume changes in Alzheimer’s Disease patients analyzed by MRI: a retrospective study

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9801
Author(s):  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Leongtim Wong ◽  
Lin Shi ◽  
Yishan Luo ◽  
Zhanhua Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Brain Volumes

Objectives Alzheimer’s disease (AD), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were reported associated with smaller brain volumes. Nevertheless, the association of hyperglycemia with brain volume changes in AD patients remains unclear. To investigate this issue, structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare brain volumes among AD patients with different fasting glucose levels. Methods Eighty-five AD patients were divided into three groups based on their fasting glucose level as suggested by the American Diabetes Association: normal fasting glucose group (AD_NFG, n = 45), AD_IFG group (n = 15), and AD_T2DM group (n = 25). Sagittal 3D T1-weighted images were obtained to calculate the brain volume. Brain parenchyma and 33 brain structures were automatically segmented. Each regional volume was analyzed among groups. For regions with statistical significance, partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate their relationships with fasting glucose level, corrected for Mini-Mental State Examination score, age, education level, cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood pressure. Results Compared with the AD_IFG and AD_NFG groups, the volume of pons in AD_T2DM group was significantly smaller. Fasting glucose was negatively correlated with pontine volume. Conclusions T2DM may exacerbate pontine atrophy in AD patients, and fasting glucose level is associated with pontine volume.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genetic risk related to high fasting glucose level in the Hungarian Roma population

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sz Fiatal ◽  
V Tomori ◽  
P Pikó ◽  
Á Moravcsik-Kornyicki ◽  
B Soltész ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
High Fasting Glucose

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy as a tool for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia in patients with primary inoperable insulinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Opalińska ◽  
Anna Sowa-Staszczak ◽  
Ibraheem Al Maraih ◽  
Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska ◽  
Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Curative Surgery

Abstract Objectives Severe hypoglycemia in a course of inoperable insulinoma may be life-threating and often it is not well controlled, even by high doses of diazoxide requiring second line treatment. Among available methods PRRT is characterized by relatively low toxicity and is connected with favorable antitumor effect. The aim of the study was an evaluation of the PRRT effectiveness in control of hypoglycemia in patients with primary inoperable insulinoma. Methods Three patients (female with metastatic insulinoma, male with primary inoperable pancreatic tumor, female with MEN1 syndrome and hepatic metastases) were treated with PRRT due to severe hypoglycemia poorly controlled by diazoxide in course of primary inoperable insulinoma. Results Patient 1 baseline fasting glucose concentration increased from 2.4 mmol/L [3.30–5.60] to 5.9 mmol/L after PRRT. In patient 2 fasting glucose level 2.30 mmol/L increased after PRRT to 7.0 mmol/L, while baseline insulin level initially 31.15 uU/mL [2.6–24.9] decreased to 15.4 uU/mL. In patients 3, baseline fasting glucose level 2.5 mmol/L increased after PRRT to 7.9 mmol/L, and insulin decreased from 57.9 uU/mL to 6.3 uU/mL. In imaging there was partial response (PR) in patient 1 and 2 and stabilization of the tumor size in patient 3. In patient 2 reduction of tumor infiltration let for curative surgery performed 4 months after PPRT. Conclusions PRRT may be effective as a first or second line treatment in management of hypoglycemia for patients with hormonally active inoperable insulinoma.

scholarly journals The Incremental Risk of Pancreatic Cancer According to Fasting Glucose Levels: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 4594-4599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hoe Koo ◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
Cheol-Young Park
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2

Abstract Context It has been unclear whether the risk of pancreatic cancer is different according to glucose levels. Objective To determine the association between fasting glucose levels and pancreatic cancer risk using prospectively collected nationwide population-based cohort data in Korea. Design The National Health Insurance Service database of claims and preventive health check-up data recorded was used between 2009 and 2015. Setting and Participants A total of 25.4 million patients who had participated in a preventive health check-up between 2009 and 2013 were evaluated for pancreatic cancer incidence rates according to fasting glucose level. Main Outcomes Measures The cumulative incidence rate for pancreatic cancer was calculated after grouping according to fasting glucose levels as follows: (i) low normal (<90 mg/dL), (ii) high normal (90 to 99 mg/dL), (iii) prediabetes level 1 (100 to 109 mg/dL), (iv) prediabetes level 2 (110 to 125 mg/dL), (v) diabetes (≥126 mg/dL), and (vi) diabetes on anti-diabetic medications. Results The 5-year cumulative incidence rates (per 100,000) were as follows: (i) low normal = 32; (ii) high normal = 41; (iii) prediabetes level 1 = 50; (iv) prediabetes level 2 = 64; (v) diabetes = 75; and (vi) on anti-diabetic medications = 121. The risk of pancreatic cancer increased continuously with elevating fasting glucose levels (P < 0.0001). The incidence of pancreatic cancer increased significantly with increasing fasting blood glucose levels even after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, drinking, exercise, body mass index, and diabetes duration (P < 0.0001). Conclusions The cumulative incidence rate of pancreatic cancer significantly increased as the fasting glucose level elevated, even in populations with a normal glucose level range.

scholarly journals Comparison of suicide risk and other outcomes among boys and girls who self-harm

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1741-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ohlis ◽  
Johan Bjureberg ◽  
Paul Lichtenstein ◽  
Brian M. D’Onofrio ◽  
Alan E. Fruzzetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Drug Use Disorder

Abstract Little is known about sex differences in outcomes of self-harm, and there are inconclusive results concerning the association between sex, self-harm, and suicide attempts. The aim of this study was to explore sex differences in outcomes of self-harm in adolescence. In this cohort study, all individuals (0–17 years) enrolled at the child- and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) in Stockholm between 2001 and 2015 (N = 110,072) were followed in national registers from their last contact with the CAMHS, until end of 2015. Exposure was self-harm as reason for contact, outcome measures were: alcohol-/substance use disorder, psychiatric hospitalization, non-violent or violent crime, and suicide. Differences in outcomes rates between exposed versus unexposed males, and exposed versus unexposed females, were examined using Cox regressions, expressed as hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Median follow-up time was 5.8 years (Q1: 2.3 years; Q3: 9.7 years). Self-harm was documented in 2.2% (N = 1241) males and 8.7% (4716) females. Exposed individuals had higher HR for all outcomes as compared with unexposed individuals of their own sex. Exposed females had more pronounced risk for drug use disorder (HR 11.2; 95% CI 9.9–12.7) compared with exposed males (HR 6.5, 95% 5.2–8.0). Both males and females who had engaged in self-harm had elevated risks for future suicide. Adjusting for socio-economic status and age at start of follow-up only marginally affected the associations. Females and males with self-harm had similarly elevated risk for suicide, and self-harm was also an important risk marker for other adverse outcomes within both sexes.

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