Interventions Preventing Vaginitis, Vaginal Atrophy after Brachytherapy or Radiotherapy Due to Malignant Tumors of the Female Reproductive Organs—A Systematic Review

Background: Radiotherapy, as a method of treatment of cervical and uterine cancers, may induce severe late-onset vaginal side effects. Unfortunately, little evidence on the management of adverse effects has been presented. This study aimed to evaluate the available interventions which reduce symptoms of vaginitis and vaginal atrophy by improving dyspareunia, mucosal inflammation, vaginal pH and vaginal dryness in women who have undergone brachytherapy or radiotherapy due to uterine or cervical malignancies. Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed following PRISMA guidelines. The systematic search was conducted using electronic databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed, between October and November 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) and, prospective randomized studies (PRS). Results: The analyzed population consists of 376 patients with uterine or cervical cancer, treated with hyaluronic acid, vitamin A, vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol acetate and dienestrol. Intervention with HA along with vitamin A and vitamin E revealed advantage in endpoints such as reduced dyspareunia, vaginal mucosal inflammation, vaginal dryness, bleeding, fibrosis and cellular atypia. Administration of alpha-tocopherol acetate reduced vaginal mucosal inflammation and improved vaginal acanthosis, whereas dienestrol resulted in reduced dyspareunia, vaginal caliber and bleeding. Conclusions: Vaginal suppositories were found to be clinically effective at the management of late-onset vulvovaginal side effects after radiotherapy.

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V

Neonatal Formulary ◽

10.1093/med/9780198840787.003.0034 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 813-843

Author(s):

Sean Ainsworth

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Vitamin B12 ◽

Alpha Tocopherol ◽

Vitamin K1 ◽

Varicella Zoster ◽

Maternal Treatment

This chapter presents information on neonatal drugs that begin with V, including use, pharmacology, adverse effects, fetal and infant implications of maternal treatment, treatment, and supply of Vancomycin, Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin and vaccine, Vasopressin, desmopressin, and terlipressin, Vigabatrin, Vitamin A (retinol), Vitamin B12 (hydroxocobalamin), Vitamin D (special formulations), Vitamin D (standard formulations), Vitamin E (alpha tocopherol), Vitamin K1 = phytomenadione (rINN), phytonadione (USAP), and Vitamins (multi-vitamins)

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Effects of vitamin E and vitamin A supplementation on performance, thyroid status and serum concentrations of some metabolites and minerals in broilers reared under heat stress (32 degrees C)

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/7894-vetmed ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 46 (No. 11–12) ◽

pp. 286-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

N. Sahin ◽

K. Sahin ◽

O. Küçük

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Control Diet ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Vitamin Supplement ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Broiler Performance ◽

Tocopherol Acetate ◽

Control Serum

An experiment on Cobb-500 male broilers was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (alfa-tocopherol-acetate), vitamin A (retinol), and their combination on broiler performance and serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), adrenocorticotropine hormone (ACTH) and some metabolite and mineral concentrations in broilers reared under heat stress (32°C). One day-old 120 broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups, 3 replications of 10 birds each. The birds were fed either a control diet or a control diet supplemented with either vitamin A (15 000 IU retinol/kg diet), vitamin E (250 mg alfa-tocopherol-acetate/kg diet), or a combination of vitamin A and E (15 000 IU retinol plus 250 mg of alfa-tocopherol-acetate/kg diet). Considered separately or as a combination, supplemental vitamin A and vitamin E increased feed intake (P = 0.01) and live weight gain (P = 0.03). However, feed efficiency remained similar in all treatments (P= 0.18). Serum T3 and T4 concentrations were also higher (P ≤ 0.001) with vitamin A, vitamin E, and vitamin A plus vitamin E groups than those of the control. However, ACTH concentration in serum was lower (P ≤ 0.001) in supplemental dietary vitamin groups compared with control. Serum glucose, uric acid, triglyceride, and cholesterol concentrations decreased (P ≤ 0.001) while protein and albumin concentrations increased (P ≤ 0.001) when both dietary vitamin E and vitamin A were supplemented. Serum activities of serum glutamic oxalate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) were not influenced by dietary vitamin E, vitamin A nor by a combination of vitamin A and vitamin E (P > 0.72). However, serum activity of alkaline phosphatase (AP) increased (P ≤ 0.001) with supplemental dietary vitamin E, vitamin A, or a combination of vitamin A and vitamin E. In addition, supplemental dietary vitamin E and vitamin A resulted in an increase in serum concentrations of both Ca and P (P ≤ 0.001). In general, when a significant effect was found for a parameter, the magnitude of responses to vitamin supplements was greatest with the combination of vitamin A and vitamin E, rather than that of each vitamin supplement separately. The results of the present study show that supplementing a combination of dietary vitamin E and vitamin A offers a good management practice to reduce heat stress-related decreases in broiler performance.  

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Simultaneous Determination of 13-cis and all-trans Vitamin A Palmitate (Retinyl Palmitate), Vitamin A Acetate (Retinyl Acetate), and Total Vitamin E (α-Tocopherol and DL-α-Tocopherol Acetate) in Infant Formula and Adult Nutritionals by Normal Phase HPLC: First Action 2012.10

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.5740/jaoacint.13-103 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 96 (5) ◽

pp. 1073-1081 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Adrienne McMahon ◽

Scott Christiansen ◽

Lynsey Shine ◽

Calvin Loi ◽

Dawn Dowell

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Simultaneous Determination ◽

Infant Formula ◽

Normal Phase ◽

Total Vitamin ◽

Validation Data ◽

Tocopherol Acetate ◽

Selection Of

Abstract This HPLC method, with both variable UV and fluorescence detection, allows for the simultaneous determination of vitamin A palmitate, vitamin A acetate, and total vitamin E in infant, pediatric, and adult nutritional formulas. The concentration of each vitamin form is calculated by comparison with standards of known concentration. Following hydrolysis, the vitamins are extracted into iso-octane and analyzed by normal phase (NP) HPLC. The method was evaluated for linearity, precision, and accuracy using a selection of the Stakeholder Panel on Infant Formula and Adult Nutritionals (SPIFAN) matrixes, including milk-based, soy-based, and hydrolyzed protein, as well as high- and low-fat products. A single-laboratory validation has been completed for all analytes using a selection of SPIFAN matrixes. Performance parameters included a working range of 2–450 μg/100 g ready-to-feed for vitamin A and 0.03–8.0 mg/100 g reconstituted final product for vitamin E. LOD was <1.0 μg and <0.1 mg/100 g reconstituted final product for vitamins A and E, respectively; RSD was 1.08–8.70% over a range of concentration; and average recoveries of 97.4–101.3%. Repeatability of <4% for vitamin A and <8% for vitamin E was calculated from five laboratories using this method. Results indicate that this method is suitable for the analysis of vitamins A and E in all forms of infant, adult, and pediatric formulas (powders, ready-to-feed liquids, and liquid concentrates). The Expert Review Panel (ERP) of Infant Formula reviewed this method separately for vitamins A and E, including all available method validation data at the AOAC INTERNATIONAL Annual Meeting on September 29, 2012. Following evaluation of the data for both methods, the ERP agreed that both methods met the standard method performance requirements articulated by SPIFAN. The ERP granted First Action status to both methods, and recommended that a single method be published for the simultaneous determination of vitamin A palmitate, vitamin A acetate, and total vitamin E (DL-α-tocopherol and DL-α-tocopherol acetate) in infant formula and adult nutritionals by NP HPLC.

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Aflatoxin B1 albumin adducts in plasma and aflatoxin M1 in urine are associated with plasma concentrations of vitamins A and E

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000021 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 80 (6) ◽

pp. 355-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Francis A. Obuseh ◽

Pauline E. Jolly ◽

Yi Jiang ◽

Faisal M.B. Shuaib ◽

John Waterbor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Alpha Tocopherol ◽

Aflatoxin M1 ◽

Vitamin E Deficiency ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Virus Surface

Background: Although aflatoxin exposure has been associated with micronutrient deficiency in animals, there are few investigations on the effects of aflatoxin exposure on micronutrient metabolism in humans. Objective: To examine the relationship between aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) albumin adducts (AF-ALB) in plasma and the aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) metabolite in urine and plasma concentrations of retinol (vitamin A) and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) in Ghanaians. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 147 adult participants was conducted. Blood and urine samples were tested for aflatoxin and vitamins A and E levels. Results: Multivariable analysis showed that participants with high AF-ALB (>= 0.80 pmol/mg albumin) had increased odds of having vitamin A deficiency compared to those with lower AF-ALB [Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.61; CI = 1.03 - 6.58; p = 0.04]. Participants with high AF-ALB also showed increased odds of having vitamin E deficiency but this was not statistically significant (OR = 2.4; CI = 0.96 - 6.05; p = 0.06). Conversely, those with higher AFM1 values had a statistically nonsignificant reduced odds of having vitamin A deficiency (OR = 0.31; CI = 0.09 - 1.02; p = 0.05) and a statistically significant reduced odds of having vitamin E deficiency (OR = 0.31; CI = 0.10 - 0.97; p = 0.04). Participants with high AF-ALB or high AFM1 (>= 437.95 pg/dL creatinine) were almost 6 times more likely to be hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive (OR = 5.88; CI = 1.71 - 20.14; p = 0.005) and (OR = 5.84; CI = 1.15 - 29.54; p = 0.03) respectively. Conclusions: These data indicate that aflatoxin may modify plasma micronutrient status. Thus, preventing aflatoxin exposure may reduce vitamin A and E deficiencies.

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Plasma, liver and fat alpha-tocopherol concentrations in sheep given various oral and subcutaneous doses of vitamin E

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9910045 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 45 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

GJ Judson ◽

PJ Babidge ◽

WJ Babidge

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Alpha Tocopherol ◽

Oral Dosage ◽

Subcutaneous Injections ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Tocopherol Acetate ◽

Pelleted Diet ◽

Oral Doses

Alpha-tocopherol concentrations were measured in plasma, liver and adipose tissue of young sheep given dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate, orally or subcutaneously, at dosages of 0, 15, 30, 60 or 120 mg/kg liveweight while the sheep consumed a pelleted diet containing less than 10 mg/kg dry matter alpha-tocopherol. Significant responses in plasma alpha-tocopherol concentrations were observed after 1 and 4 days in sheep given oral doses of the vitamin but not in those given subcutaneous injections. Variation between animals within treatment groups was not reduced by expressing plasma alpha-tocopherol as a ratio of various plasma lipid fractions. Oral doses of 30 and 120 mg/kg liveweight of alpha-tocopherol increased the mean liver alpha-tocopherol concentrations at 7 days, but only the highest dose significantly increased liver concentrations above that of untreated sheep at 1 and 2 months. Increases in mean liver alpha-tocopherol concentrations were observed 1 month after subcutaneous injections, at dosages above 15 mg/kg liveweight, suggesting a slow mobilisation of the vitamin from the injection site. Concentrations of alpha-tocopherol in adipose tissue were not altered by alpha-tocopherol treatment. Plasma and liver alpha-tocopherol concentrations were positively correlated, although vitamin E treatments and time from treatment had small but significant effects on this relationship. The results suggest that oral dosage is preferable to subcutaneous injection when administering alpha-tocopherol acetate to sheep. An oral dose of 120 mg/kg liveweight will probably maintain adequate liver alpha-tocopherol concentrations for a period of about 2 months in sheep consuming diets of low vitamin E content.

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Egg production, egg quality, and lipid peroxidation status in laying hens maintained at a low ambient temperature (6°C) and fed a vitamin C and vitamin E-supplemented diet

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/5747-vetmed ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 48 (No. 1 - 2) ◽

pp. 33-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

O. Kucuk ◽

N. Sahin ◽

K. Sahin ◽

Gursu MF ◽

F. Gulcu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Egg Production ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Quality ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Alpha Tocopherol ◽

Tocopherol Acetate ◽

Egg Shell

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate) on egg production, egg quality, lipid peroxidation status (measured as MDA), and some serum metabolites in laying hens (Hy-Line) maintained at a low ambient temperature (6°C). One hundred and twenty laying hens (18-wk-old) were divided into four groups, 30 hens per group. The laying hens were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 250 mg of L-ascorbic acid/kg of diet, 250 mg of α-tocopherol acetate/kg of diet or 250 mg of L-ascorbic acid plus 250 mg of α-tocopherol acetate/kg of diet. Although feed consumption of the hens was similar (P > 0.05) among treatments, supplemental vitamin C and E significantly increased final body weight, egg production, and improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05). Egg weights were also greater (P < 0.05) in hens supplemented with the combination of vitamin C and E than that of hens supplemented either vitamin or no vitamin (control). Haugh unit did not change upon each vitamin supplementation, but the combination of the vitamin supplement yielded a higher Haugh unit (P < 0.05). Each dietary supplement of vitamin C and vitamin E improved the egg quality (P < 0.05) resulting in a greater specific gravity, thicker egg shell, and heavier egg shell weight. Separately or as a combination, supplemental vitamin C and E decreased MDA, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations (P < 0.05). Results of the present study showed that supplementing vitamin C and vitamin E, particularly as a combination, improved the performance of cold-stressed laying hens, offering a potential protective management practice in preventing cold stress-related losses in performance of laying hens. Results of the present study also indicated that the effects of vitamin C and vitamin E are additive.

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Vitamin A and vitamin E metabolites comodulate amyloid-β aggregation

10.1101/2021.10.30.466561 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Priyanka Joshi ◽

Sean Chia ◽

Xiaoting Yang ◽

Michele Perni ◽

Johnny Habchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Protein Aggregation ◽

Amyloid Β ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Alpha Tocopherol ◽

Cellular Environment ◽

Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the presence in the brain of amyloid plaques formed by the aberrant deposition of the amyloid-beta; peptide (Abeta). Since many vitamins are dysregulated in this disease, we explored whether these molecules participate in protein homeostasis by modulating Abeta; aggregation. By screening 18 fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, we found that retinoic acid and alpha-tocopherol, two metabolites of vitamin A and vitamin E, respectively, affect Abeta; aggregation both in vitro and in a C. elegans model of Alzheimer's disease. We also show that effects of these two vitamin metabolites in combination can cancel each other out, suggesting that the complex composition of the cellular environment could have a protective role against protein aggregation through the simultaneous presence of aggregation promoters and inhibitors. Taken together, these results indicate that vitamins and their metabolites may be added to the list of components of the quality control system that regulate protein aggregation.

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THE USE OF LAZOLEX DURING COMPLEX TREATMENT OF CHRONIC RECURRENT APTHOUS STOMATITIS

10.52340/csw.2021.465 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marika GOGOTISHVILI ◽

Nino ABASHIDZE ◽

Merab IVERIELI ◽

Xatia GOGISHVILI ◽

Nino GOGEBASHVILI

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Side Effects ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Local Treatment ◽

Main Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Complex Treatment

The aim of our research was to study efficiency of applying the new national gelLazolex (5%) during the treatment of chronic recurrent apthous stomatitis. To achieve this aim we examined and treated 14-60 years old 50 patients. The patients were devided into two groups. One group included 20 patients (40±0,77%) -control group and the second one -30 patients (60 ±0,63%)- the main group . We used the same treatment in both groups, but in the main group during the local treatment we applied the gel Lazolex (5%) and in the control group we used vitamin A, vitamin E and briar oil. Studies of our examination showed that in the control group the aphtes during phibrinal form started epithelization in 7-14 days - remission was 3-4 month. aphtes during necrotic forms started epithelization in 10-21 days - remission was 2-4 month. aphtes during glandular forms started epithelization in 14-20 days - remission was 1-2 month. After applying Lazolex epithelization started in 3-6 days during phibrinal form - remission was 6-9 month, in 7-14 days during necrotic form - remission was 4-6-7month, in 9-14 days during glandular forms - remission was 3-5 month. Thus, it is recommended to apply Lazolex during the treatment of chronic recurrent apthous stomatitis “Lazolex” is national, cheap, herbal gel that accelerates epithelization and growth the remission precess.. It does not have side effects.

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α-tocopherol and phylloquinone as non-competitive inhibitors of retinyl ester hydrolysis

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2230267 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 223 (1) ◽

pp. 267-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J L Napoli ◽

C D Beck

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Ester Hydrolysis ◽

Alpha Tocopherol ◽

Vitamin K1 ◽

Tissue Concentrations ◽

Retinyl Ester ◽

Maximum Inhibition ◽

Competitive Inhibitors ◽

Retinyl Ester Hydrolase

Inhibition of rat intestinal retinyl ester hydrolase by alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) and phylloquinone (vitamin K1) was non-competitive. Maximum inhibition occurred within 10 min, and, particularly with alpha-tocopherol, was substantially reversible. Consequently, increasing tissue concentrations of retinyl esters, which might occur with advancing age or changes in diet, would not diminish the effects of the inhibitors. These data further support the notion that alpha-tocopherol may, at physiological concentrations, influence the concentration of vitamin A and its ester in tissues.

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