Plasma, liver and fat alpha-tocopherol concentrations in sheep given various oral and subcutaneous doses of vitamin E

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Judson ◽  
PJ Babidge ◽  
WJ Babidge
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Oral Doses

Alpha-tocopherol concentrations were measured in plasma, liver and adipose tissue of young sheep given dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate, orally or subcutaneously, at dosages of 0, 15, 30, 60 or 120 mg/kg liveweight while the sheep consumed a pelleted diet containing less than 10 mg/kg dry matter alpha-tocopherol. Significant responses in plasma alpha-tocopherol concentrations were observed after 1 and 4 days in sheep given oral doses of the vitamin but not in those given subcutaneous injections. Variation between animals within treatment groups was not reduced by expressing plasma alpha-tocopherol as a ratio of various plasma lipid fractions. Oral doses of 30 and 120 mg/kg liveweight of alpha-tocopherol increased the mean liver alpha-tocopherol concentrations at 7 days, but only the highest dose significantly increased liver concentrations above that of untreated sheep at 1 and 2 months. Increases in mean liver alpha-tocopherol concentrations were observed 1 month after subcutaneous injections, at dosages above 15 mg/kg liveweight, suggesting a slow mobilisation of the vitamin from the injection site. Concentrations of alpha-tocopherol in adipose tissue were not altered by alpha-tocopherol treatment. Plasma and liver alpha-tocopherol concentrations were positively correlated, although vitamin E treatments and time from treatment had small but significant effects on this relationship. The results suggest that oral dosage is preferable to subcutaneous injection when administering alpha-tocopherol acetate to sheep. An oral dose of 120 mg/kg liveweight will probably maintain adequate liver alpha-tocopherol concentrations for a period of about 2 months in sheep consuming diets of low vitamin E content.

scholarly journals Egg production, egg quality, and lipid peroxidation status in laying hens maintained at a low ambient temperature (6°C) and fed a vitamin C and vitamin E-supplemented diet

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1 - 2) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Kucuk ◽  
N. Sahin ◽  
K. Sahin ◽  
Gursu MF ◽  
F. Gulcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Egg Shell

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate) on egg production, egg quality, lipid peroxidation status (measured as MDA), and some serum metabolites in laying hens (Hy-Line) maintained at a low ambient temperature (6°C). One hundred and twenty laying hens (18-wk-old) were divided into four groups, 30 hens per group. The laying hens were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 250 mg of L-ascorbic acid/kg of diet, 250 mg of α-tocopherol acetate/kg of diet or 250 mg of L-ascorbic acid plus 250 mg of α-tocopherol acetate/kg of diet. Although feed consumption of the hens was similar (P > 0.05) among treatments, supplemental vitamin C and E significantly increased final body weight, egg production, and improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05). Egg weights were also greater (P < 0.05) in hens supplemented with the combination of vitamin C and E than that of hens supplemented either vitamin or no vitamin (control). Haugh unit did not change upon each vitamin supplementation, but the combination of the vitamin supplement yielded a higher Haugh unit (P < 0.05). Each dietary supplement of vitamin C and vitamin E improved the egg quality (P < 0.05) resulting in a greater specific gravity, thicker egg shell, and heavier egg shell weight. Separately or as a combination, supplemental vitamin C and E decreased MDA, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations (P < 0.05). Results of the present study showed that supplementing vitamin C and vitamin E, particularly as a combination, improved the performance of cold-stressed laying hens, offering a potential protective management practice in preventing cold stress-related losses in performance of laying hens. Results of the present study also indicated that the effects of vitamin C and vitamin E are additive.

Comparison of α -tocopherol acetate preparations given as single intraperitoneal or subcutaneous doses for increasing plasma and liver α -tocopherol in sheep fed a low vitamin E diet

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Smith ◽  
JM Fry ◽  
KF Ilett
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate ◽  
Aqueous Method

This experiment examined the efficacy of a single dose of �-tocopherol acetate (2000 IU) in either an aqueous or oily formulation, given as an intraperitoneal (i.p.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) injection or orally as an aqueous formulation, at raising a-tocopherol concentrations in blood plasma and liver of young sheep with low vitamin E. Maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) were greatest in sheep supplemented by the s.c.-aqueous method or orally (4.83 and 3.49 mg/L respectively). These values were 3.0-5.7 times the C, values of the other treatment groups. Also, the time taken to reach Cmax (Tmax) was far shorter in these 2 treatments than in the other treatments (Tmax values were 0.70 and 0.65 days respectively). Tmax values were greatest for the oily formulation (42 and 73 days for the i.p. and S.C. injections, respectively). The area under the plasma a-tocopherol concentration-time curve (AUC(0-85d)), was greatest for the s.c.-aqueous group (median of 2066 mg.h/L). Six of the sheep in the i.p.-aqueous group had AUC(0-85d) values similar to the controls whereas the rest were similar to the s.c.-aqueous group. Plasma �-tocopherol acetate was only consistently detected in sheep in the s.c.-aqueous group (Cmax of 25.25 � 3.14 mg/L and Tmax of 0.24 � 0.03 days). Pharmacokinetic modelling of the plasma data obtained from sheep in the s.c.-aqueous group was helpful in understanding the factors which controlled the appearance and disappearance rates of plasma �-tocopherol in this group. In contrast to plasma data, liver concentrations of �-tocopherol at days 24 and 57 were greatest in sheep supplemented by the i.p.-oily method. The s.c.-aqueous was the second most effective method at raising concentrations in the liver. The results suggest that supplementation by s.c. injection of an aqueous formulation may be an effective means of administering vitamin E to sheep.

scholarly journals Interventions Preventing Vaginitis, Vaginal Atrophy after Brachytherapy or Radiotherapy Due to Malignant Tumors of the Female Reproductive Organs—A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3932
Author(s):  
Adrianna Wierzbicka ◽  
Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka ◽  
Stanisław Cieślewicz ◽  
Marta Stelmach-Mardas ◽  
Marcin Mardas
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Vaginal Atrophy ◽  
Vaginal Dryness ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate

Background: Radiotherapy, as a method of treatment of cervical and uterine cancers, may induce severe late-onset vaginal side effects. Unfortunately, little evidence on the management of adverse effects has been presented. This study aimed to evaluate the available interventions which reduce symptoms of vaginitis and vaginal atrophy by improving dyspareunia, mucosal inflammation, vaginal pH and vaginal dryness in women who have undergone brachytherapy or radiotherapy due to uterine or cervical malignancies. Materials and methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed following PRISMA guidelines. The systematic search was conducted using electronic databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed, between October and November 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCT) and, prospective randomized studies (PRS). Results: The analyzed population consists of 376 patients with uterine or cervical cancer, treated with hyaluronic acid, vitamin A, vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol acetate and dienestrol. Intervention with HA along with vitamin A and vitamin E revealed advantage in endpoints such as reduced dyspareunia, vaginal mucosal inflammation, vaginal dryness, bleeding, fibrosis and cellular atypia. Administration of alpha-tocopherol acetate reduced vaginal mucosal inflammation and improved vaginal acanthosis, whereas dienestrol resulted in reduced dyspareunia, vaginal caliber and bleeding. Conclusions: Vaginal suppositories were found to be clinically effective at the management of late-onset vulvovaginal side effects after radiotherapy.

RESPONSE TO INJECTABLE SELENIUM AND VITAMIN E ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF SOWS RECEIVING A STANDARD COMMERCIAL DIET

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1065-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. CHAVEZ ◽  
K. L. PATTON
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Thirty-one purebred Landrace sows were allocated to one of three experimental groups to determine the nutritional significance of parenteral injection of 3 mg selenium (Se) plus 408 IU of vitamin E as d-alpha-tocopherol. The three treatment groups consisted of (1) a control (no injection); (2) supplementation at 30, 60 and 100 d of gestation; and (3) supplementation at weaning of previous litter or approximately 1 wk prior to artificial insemination (AI) and at 30, 60 and 100 d of gestation. All sows were fed 2.5 kg d−1 (0.1 ppm Se and 15 IU vitamin E kg−1 diet) during gestation and ad libitum during a lactation period of 3 wk. Treatment did not affect (P > 0.05) weight changes of sows. The blood Se and vitamin A levels were not affected by treatment. Plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was kept within a narrow range except at 100 d of gestation when activity was significantly different for treatment 2 versus the control. Vitamin E levels of plasma were significantly (P < 0.05) lower for the control at 60 and 100 d gestation. The Se, vitamin A and vitamin E content of colostrum and milk were not affected by treatment except for treatment 2 having a higher colostrum Se level than the control. In all treatment groups the Se content was significantly greater in the colostrum than in the milk. Litter size, total litter weight at birth and litter size at weaning were significantly greater (P < 0.05) when Se and vitamin E were supplemented. Although overall litter weight at weaning was not significantly different, litters from parity groups 2 of treatments 2 and 3 were significantly heavier at weaning than the control litters. Mortality was lower (P < 0.05) for the supplemented treatments at birth versus the control (1.7% and 3.8% vs. 9.6%). No significant difference was observed from birth to weaning (20.0% and 17.4% and 15.3%). Although the Se, vitamin A and vitamin E contents of the blood from piglets were not significantly different among treatments, GSH-Px activity in the plasma from piglets in the control group was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than from piglets from sows receiving treatment 3. Key words: Selenium, vitamin E, supplementation, sows, reproductive performance

USE OF d-1, ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL ACETATE (SYNTHETIC VITAMIN E)

1942 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel A. Schwarz ◽  
George D. Gammon ◽  
Richard L. Masland
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Synthetic Vitamin ◽  
Tocopherol Acetate

Alpha Tocopherol Loaded in Liposome: Preparation, Optimization, Characterization and Sperm Motility Protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Taouzinet ◽  
Sofiane Fatmi ◽  
Allaeddine Khellouf ◽  
Mohamed Skiba ◽  
Mokrane Iguer-ouada
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Ethanol Injection ◽  
Liposome Preparation ◽  
Liposome Size ◽  
Optimum Solution ◽  
The Impact

Background: Alpha-tocopherol is a potent antioxidant involved in sperm protection particularly during cryopreservation. However, its poor solubility limits the optimal protection in aqueous solutions. Objective: The aim of this study was to enhance the solubility of α-tocopherol by the use of liposomes. Methods: The experimental approach consisted to load vitamin E in liposomes prepared by ethanol injection method and the optimization carried out by an experimental design. The optimum solution was characterized by high performance liquid chromatography and scanning electron microscope. Finely, the impact on sperm motility protection was studied by the freezing technic of bovine sperm. Results: The optimum solution was obtained when using 10.9 mg/ml of phospholipids, 1.7 mg/ml of cholesterol and 2 mg/ml of vitamin E. The liposome size was 99.86 nm, providing 78.47% of loaded efficiency. The results showed also a significant positive impact on sperm motility after hours of preservation. Conclusion: In conclusion, the current results showed the interest of liposome preparation as an alternative to enhance vitamin E solubility and to protect spermatozoa during cryopreservation.

scholarly journals Olive Leaf Extract Attenuates Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice by Modulating the Expression of Molecules Involved in Adipogenesis and Thermogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Shen ◽  
Su Jin Song ◽  
Narae Keum ◽  
Taesun Park
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Epididymal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Olive Leaf ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Olive Leaf Extract

The present study aimed to investigate whether olive leaf extract (OLE) prevents high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Mice were randomly divided into groups that received a chow diet (CD), HFD, or 0.15% OLE-supplemented diet (OLD) for 8 weeks. OLD-fed mice showed significantly reduced body weight gain, visceral fat-pad weights, and plasma lipid levels as compared with HFD-fed mice. OLE significantly reversed the HFD-induced upregulation of WNT10b- and galanin-mediated signaling molecules and key adipogenic genes (PPARγ, C/EBPα, CD36, FAS, and leptin) in the epididymal adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Furthermore, the HFD-induced downregulation of thermogenic genes involved in uncoupled respiration (SIRT1, PGC1α, and UCP1) and mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM, NRF-1, and COX2) was also significantly reversed by OLE. These results suggest that OLE exerts beneficial effects against obesity by regulating the expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and thermogenesis in the visceral adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice.

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