scholarly journals Hormonal and Inflammatory Responses to Hypertrophy-Oriented Resistance Training at Acute Moderate Altitude

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4233
Author(s):  
Cristina Benavente ◽  
Josefa León ◽  
Belén Feriche ◽  
Brad J. Schoenfeld ◽  
Juan Bonitch-Góngora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Exercise Period ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

This study investigated the effect of a traditional hypertrophy-oriented resistance training (RT) session at acute terrestrial hypoxia on inflammatory, hormonal, and the expression of miR-378 responses associated with muscular gains. In a counterbalanced fashion, 13 resistance trained males completed a hypertrophic RT session at both moderate-altitude (H; 2320 m asl) and under normoxic conditions (N; <700 m asl). Venous blood samples were taken before and throughout the 30 min post-exercise period for determination of cytokines (IL6, IL10, TNFα), hormones (growth hormone [GH], cortisol [C], testosterone), and miR-378. Both exercise conditions stimulated GH and C release, while miR-378, testosterone, and inflammatory responses remained near basal conditions. At H, the RT session produced a moderate to large but nonsignificant increase in the absolute peak values of the studied cytokines. miR-378 revealed a moderate association with GH (r = 0.65; p = 0.026 and r = −0.59; p = 0.051 in N and H, respectively) and C (r = 0.61; p = 0.035 and r = 0.75; p = 0.005 in N and H, respectively). The results suggest that a RT session at H does not differentially affect the hormonal, inflammatory, and miR-378 responses compared to N. However, the standardized mean difference detected values in the cytokines suggest an intensification of the inflammatory response in H that should be further investigated.

The Effect of Moderate Exercise on Blood Metabolites in Patients with Hypopituitarism

1971 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Johnson ◽  
M. J. Rennie ◽  
J. L. Walton ◽  
M. H. C. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Serum Growth Hormone ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Fat Mobilization

1. Six patients with panhypopituitarism and eight controls were studied before, during and after 30 min of moderate, steady exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Venous blood samples were taken for estimation of growth hormone, pyruvate, lactate, glucose, FFA, glycerol and ketone bodies. 2. Exercise caused a rise in serum growth hormone levels in control subjects and these fell to pre-exercise levels within 90 min. There was no change in the levels in the patients. The patients showed changes in blood metabolites resembling those of the controls. FFA levels were considerably elevated and post-exercise ketosis developed, these changes being more marked in the patients. 3. The differences in FFA and ketone bodies between patients and controls may be due to the lower levels of fitness in the patients. A further explanation may be that growth hormone depresses FFA levels after initial mobilization during exercise in normal subjects, but no such action can occur in patients with hypopituitarism. 4. It is concluded that growth hormone does not necessarily have a major role in fat mobilization or in the production of post-exercise ketosis. Thus, the lower levels of ketosis observed in athletes are not due to their lower levels of growth hormone.

Changes in fat and Carbohydrate Metabolism Caused by Moderate Exercise in Patients with Acromegaly

1973 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Johnson ◽  
M. J. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Pituitary Tumour ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Exercise Period

1. Seven patients with acromegaly and nine controls were studied before, during and after 30 min of moderate steady exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Venous blood samples were taken for estimation of growth hormone (HGH), immunoreactive insulin (IRI), pyruvate, lactate, glucose, free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol and ketone bodies. 2. Exercise caused a rise in HGH concentrations in the acromegalic patients, despite their pituitary tumour, and also in control subjects. Concentrations of IRI fell during exercise in control subjects, but rose in the acromegalic patients. 3. Concentrations of glycerol, FFA and ketone bodies rose rapidly to a maximum during exercise in the acromegalics and appeared to be suppressed before the end of exercise: there was no increase in the concentration of ketone bodies after exercise. In control subjects there was a gradual increase in glycerol and FFA concentrations towards the end of exercise, but no change in ketone bodies occurred until the post-exercise period, when ketone-body concentrations rose. 4. We conclude that exercise causes remarkable differences in metabolite concentrations in the blood of acromegalic patients compared with controls, with the concentration of fat metabolites reaching a maximum, then decreasing during the period of constant exercise. There was also elevation, instead of the normal fall, of plasma IRI activity and it is suggested that the decreased concentration of fat metabolites occurred because of the change of insulin concentration. It is further suggested that in acromegaly insulin retains its effect on re-esterification of fat in spite of resistance to its effects on carbohydrate metabolism.

scholarly journals Dietary Polyphenol and Methylsulfonylmethane Supplementation Improves Immune, DAMP Signaling, and Inflammatory Responses During Recovery From All-Out Running Efforts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian K. McFarlin ◽  
David W. Hill ◽  
Jakob L. Vingren ◽  
John H. Curtis ◽  
Elizabeth A. Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Molecular Pattern ◽  
Training Plan ◽  
Advanced Analysis

Nutritional ingredients with defined mechanisms of action can be useful in the recovery of the body from the physical demands of a habitual training plan. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplementation with optimized curcumin, pomegranate ellagitannins, and MSM (R + MSM) on immune-associated mRNA during early recovery (i.e., up to 8 h post-exercise) following all-out running efforts (5-km, 10-km, and 21.1-km). Subjects (N = 14) were randomized to either a supplement (R + MSM) or a control group using an open label design. The study was completed over a period of 31-day prior to a scheduled half-marathon race. Venous blood samples were collected into PAXgene tubes at baseline, subsequent samples were collected at 2, 4, and 8 h after each running effort. A 574-plex mRNA Immunology Array (NanoString) was measured for each sample and ROSALIND® Advanced Analysis Software was used to examined changes in 31 annotated immune response pathways and specific mRNA changes. The greatest change in immune pathways occurred at 2 h (GSS &gt; 3) followed by 4 h (GSS 2–3) and 8 h (GSS 1–2). R + MSM was associated with an increase in innate immunity (CAMP, LTF, TIRAP, CR1, IL1R1, CXCR1, PDCDILG2, and GNLY) and a blunted/smaller increase in damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signaling/inflammation (TLR4, TLR5, S100A8, S100A9, and IFP35). We also found changes in immune-associated mRNA that have not been previously linked to exercise recovery (SOCS1, SOCS2, MME, CECAM6, MX1, IL-1R2, KLRD1, KLRK1, and LAMP3). Collectively these results demonstrate that supplementation with a combination of optimized curcumin, pomegranate ellagitannins, and methylsulfonylmethane resulted in changes that may improve biological recovery from all-out running efforts.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF THE RESISTANCE TRAINING ON SERUM CORTISOL, IL-6, IL-8, AND TNF- α

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yılmaz Öztürk ◽  
Nurten DİNÇ ◽  
Selda Bereket Yücel ◽  
Fatma Taneli ◽  
Cevval Ulman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Muscle Fiber Types ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sedentary Group ◽  
Tnf Α

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of resistance training on IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, blood hematocrit and cortisol levels. Materials and Methods: Thirteen players from Manisa Celal Bayar University soccer team and 14 sedentary male students were used as the study subjects. The subjects, whose average age was 18-24 years old, were healthy and free of any cardiovascular diseases. Anthropometrics measurements and blood samples were obtained from all the subjects. Blood samples were obtained basal sample (before the exercise), immediately after the training program (post-exercise), and 2 hours after the training program (2h post-exercise). All subjects participated in the training program in which intensity prescribed individually in 10 different exercises; seated leg press, knee extension, knee flexion, chest press, chest flys, lat pull down, shoulder press, triceps extension, biceps curl and sit-ups. Three sets of intensity of the each exercise were arranged according to pyramidal system at 70-80 % of the each participant. The volume of resistance training was 50-60 minutes. Results: Post exercise IL-6 (p= 0,05) and IL-8 (p= 0,04) concentration of athletes were statistically lower compared to that of sedentary group. Furthermore, serum cortisol concentrations were found to be decreased in both study groups in post exercise and 2h post exercise samples compared to basal values (p<0,05). Post exercise IL-8 (p=0,04) and TNF-α (p=0,04) values of sedentary group increased significantly compared to values at 2h post exercise. Conclusion: IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α responses to resistance training vary depending on the recruitment of different muscle fiber types by the trained individuals during the resistance training and the recovery of glycogen storage, which is found to be different from that of sedentary individuals.

Nocturnal Secretion of Growth Hormone, Noradrenaline, Cortisol and Insulin in Cluster Headache Remission

Cephalalgia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 912-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
EL Meyer ◽  
C Marcus ◽  
E Waldenlind
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Blood Samples

We have previously shown decreased, nocturnal lipolysis in both phases of cluster headache (CH). Lipolysis is stimulated by noradrenaline (NA), growth hormone (GH) and cortisol, and inhibited by insulin, hormones which are directly or indirectly regulated by the hypothalamus. Our aim was to investigate the nocturnal secretion of NA, GH, cortisol and insulin in nine CH patients in remission and 10 healthy controls. Nocturnal venous blood samples were collected in hourly intervals for analysis of NA, cortisol and insulin and in 30-min intervals for GH. We found a reduced increase in GH between 24.00 h and 01.00 h (ANOVA, P < 0.05) in CH patients. Nocturnal secretion of NA, cortisol and insulin did not differ significantly between the groups. The altered nocturnal GH pattern that was seen in CH patients in remission might in part explain the altered nocturnal lipolysis previously found and further indicate a permanent hypothalamic disturbance in CH.

scholarly journals Effect of Physical Exercise on Serum Electrolytes, Urea and Creatinine in Undergraduate Footballers in Anambra State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Michael Chinedu Olisah ◽  
◽  
Dim Catherine Nicholate ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
The Body ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exercise Period ◽  
Electrolyte Loss

Background: Prolonged exercise leads to progressive water and electrolyte loss from the body as sweat is secreted to promote heat loss. The rate of sweating depends on many factors and is increased in proportion to the work rate and the environmental temperature and humidity. Prolong exercise could lead to an alteration in electrolyte concentrations and this could lead to deleterious effects in the body. Aim: To determine the effect of Physical Exercise on Serum Electrolytes Urea and Creatinine in undergraduate footballers in Anambra State. Method: Six football teams comprising of 11 players each were grouped into 3 sets. Each set containing 22 players was allowed to play football for at least 2hours with a 15 minutes break interval. They were allowed to take only 250mls water during this exercising period. Blood samples were collected from all the subjects prior to the exercise from anticubital veins with the subjects in sitting position. Post-Exercise blood Samples were collected within 5 minutes after and 2hrs after the exercise. The blood samples were also analyzed for serum electrolytes, urea and creatinine. Blood sample for calcium was collected after removing the tourniquet for 2 minutes. The serum concentrations of sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride and calcium were estimated using ion-selective electrodes while urea and creatinine were estimated using standard colorimetric methods. Results: There was no significant difference in mean concentrations of serum electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl- and HCO3-) profile levels in pre-exercising subjects when compared with the post-exercising period. (P> 0.05). However, the mean levels of Ca2+ increased significantly in post-exercise period when compared with the pre-exercising condition (P < 0.05). The findings of this work suggest that short duration of exercise does not alter significantly the serum electrolytes.

Vergleich von hämostaseologischen Parametern im arteriellen und venösen Blut bei Patienten mit peripherer arterieller Verschlußkrankheit

VASA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woller ◽  
Lawall ◽  
Amann ◽  
Angelkort
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Coagulation Activation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Coagulation Parameters ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
D Dimer

Background: Several studies proved the co-existence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) and hypercoagulability. However, in practice coagulation parameters are mainly determined from venous blood samples. In this study several coagulation parameters in arterial and venous blood were examined for differences and the validity of coagulation parameters determined in venous blood was investigated. Patients and methods: In 22 patients with peripheral artery disease venous and arterial blood samples from vessels of the diseased leg were examined for the concentration of thrombine-antithrombine III-complex (TAT), prothrombin fragments (F1 and F2) and D-dimers, and results were compared. Results: Mean concentrations of TATs and prothrombin fragments F1 and F2 were significantly higher in arterial than in venous blood. TAT-complex was the most sensitive parameter for quantification of thrombin generation. D-dimer levels did not differ in arterial and venous blood. TAT and F1 and F2 concentrations in arterial and venous blood did not correlate in individual patients whereas D-dimer concentration did. Conclusion: The determination of TAT and F1+F2 in venous blood does not adequately reflect the degree of the local coagulation activation in the arterial system. As indicators for hypercoagulability, D-Dimer values are less sensitive than F1+2, but venous D-dimer concentrations mirror arterial levels.

A Micro-Method for the Determination of the Combined Activity of Factor II and VII (Prothrombin and Proconvertin)

1959 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 297-301
Author(s):  
E. T Yin ◽  
N. J Senn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Dilution Curve ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
Flowing Blood ◽  
Finger Tip

SummaryA Micro-method for the determination of the combined activity of factors II and VII (prothrombin-proconvertin) based on the techniques of Owren and Koller et al. using capillary blood plasma, is being described. 0.18 ml of the free flowing blood from either the ear lobe or the finger tip is sucked into a micro-pipette previously containing 0.02 ml of anticoagulant. 0.05 ml of the centrifuged plasma is used to make a 1 : 10 dilution with buffered saline for the test. The clotting times in seconds are converted to percentages from the standard dilution curve plotted on double log. paper. Results obtained on over 300 capillary blood samples from in-patients receiving long term anticoagulant therapy were compared with those done by both Owren’s technique and the described micro-method on venous blood plasmas. These results were closely identical with each other.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document