scholarly journals Can Night Shift Work Affect Biological Age? Hints from a Cross-Sectional Study on Hospital Female Nurses

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10639
Author(s):  
Michele Carugno ◽  
Cristina Maggioni ◽  
Vincenzo Ruggiero ◽  
Eleonora Crespi ◽  
Paola Monti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Female Nurses

Disruption of age-related processes seems to play a relevant role in health effects related to night shift (NS) work. We aim to verify whether NS work can influence biological age (BA), estimated through Zbieć-Piekarska’s epigenetic signature, based on methylation of five CpG sites in ELOVL2, C1orf132/MIR29B2C, TRIM59, KLF14, and FHL2. Forty-six female nurses working in NS were matched by age and length of employment with 51 female colleagues not working in NS. Each subject filled in a questionnaire (including the Effort Reward Imbalance (ERI) index to assess job stress) and gave a blood sample. Age acceleration (AA) was estimated by regressing BA on chronological age and taking the residuals. Multivariate linear regression models were applied. BA was not associated with NS. However, we did observe an increase in AA per each year in NS in subjects with overweight/obesity (β = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.05; 0.87, p = 0.03), experiencing work-related stress (β = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.10; 1.06, p = 0.018), or both (β = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.03; 1.29, p = 0.041). Although based on a small sample size, our findings suggest an increased BA only among hypersusceptible subjects and is worth further investigation, also in light of recent results suggesting a higher breast cancer risk in women with increased AA.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study to Evaluate the Effects of Age and Duration of HIV Infection on Anxiety and Depression in Cisgender Men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Gianella ◽  
Rowan Saloner ◽  
Genevieve Curtin ◽  
Susan J. Little ◽  
Anne Heaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

AbstractThis observational cross-sectional study of 152 people with HIV (PWH) examined the effects of age and estimated duration of HIV infection (EDI) on depressive and anxiety symptoms. All participants were cisgender men and completed the Profile of Moods State (POMS), a self-report inventory of current (i.e., past week) mood states. Overall, study results confirmed higher levels of anxiety and depression in PWH compared to individuals without HIV. Age group (< 50 or ≥ 50 years) moderated the effect of EDI (< 3 or ≥ 3 years) on mood disturbance. Specifically, younger PWH with early diagnosed infection exhibited the highest levels of depression and anxiety, whereas depression and anxiety were attenuated in older PWH with early infection such that their POMS scores did not significantly differ from the HIV-negative and chronically HIV-infected groups. Despite the small sample size and other important limitations in our study design, our preliminary findings confirm previous observations that older people may have some adaptive ability to better handle the acute psychological stressors associated with recent HIV infection.

Intensity of perceived stress and control of anger, anxiety and depression of people staying in Polish penitentiary institutions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Kołodziej ◽  
Anna Kurowska ◽  
Anna Majda
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess the intensity of perceived stress and measure the subjective control of anxiety, anger and depression in a group of women and men staying in Polish penitentiary institutions. Design/methodology/approach The research was carried out in two penitentiary institutions located in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship at the turn of 2019/2020. The study group consisted of 152 prisoners. In the cross-sectional study, two standardised research tools – the Perceived Stress Scale and the Emotional Control Scale – were used. Findings Over half of the prisoners (57.24%) presented a high level of stress. The intensity of the perceived stress did not depend on the gender and age of the convicted persons. The general indicator of emotional control among the respondents averaged 51.82 points (standard deviation = 14.52) and ranged from 22 to 83 points, which means that people detained in penitentiary institutions suppressed their negative emotions at an average level. The prisoners had the best control over fear (M = 18.68), less over anger (M = 16.86) and the least over depression (M = 16.27). Statistical analysis showed a correlation between the level of emotional control and the intensity of perceived stress. Research limitations/implications The small sample size of the group participating in the study and narrowing of the research area means that results can not be generalised across all isolated prison population. Practical implications The results obtained from the study can be used by a multidisciplinary team to develop therapeutic programmes for convicted persons, the aim of which is to evaluate strategies for coping with stress and controlling emotions. Social implications Popularising reliable information related to the issue of experiencing stress and varied emotions in those staying in penitentiary institutions may lead to the elimination of harmful stereotypes functioning in society, as well as reduce the phenomenon of marginalisation of prisoners, and thus contribute to the success of the social rehabilitation process. Originality/value Research on the level of stress intensity in prisoners is important because the rates of mental health disorders among prisoners consistently exceed the rates of such disorders in the general population.

Relationship of work-related stress with obesity among Brazilian female shift workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Janaína Cristina da Silva ◽  
Anderson Garcez ◽  
Gabriela Herrmann Cibeira ◽  
Heloísa Theodoro ◽  
Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Night Shift Work ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Related Stress

Abstract Objectives: To explore the relationship between work-related stress and obesity among female shift workers. Additionally, we also aimed to test the interaction between shift work and work-related stress in this association. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Brazilian female shift workers. Work-related stress was assessed through a demand–control questionnaire (Job Stress Scale). Work-related stress was defined by the presence of high psychological demands and low control at work. The obesity cases were defined as those with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or more. Multivariate Poisson regression with robust variance was used to obtain the prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95 % CI. Setting: A group of industries located in southern Brazil in 2017. Participants: Four hundred and twenty female workers aged 18–59 years. Results: The overall prevalence of obesity was 30 % (95 % CI: 25·6, 34·4), and the presence of work-related stress was identified in 24 % (95 % CI: 19·9, 28·1) of the sample. We found an indication of interaction between work-related stress and night shift work on obesity (P = 0·026). After adjusting for confounding factors, work-related stress was associated with a 71 % greater probability of obesity (PR = 1·71; 95 % CI: 1·02, 2·87; P = 0·042) among female night shift workers. Conclusions: In this study, we revealed that exposure to work-related stress and night shift work were associated with obesity among female shift workers. Furthermore, the prevalence of obesity was high among female shift workers.

scholarly journals Selection of Anti-Depressants in Geriatric Dermatoses- A Questionnaire Study of Dermatologists in Western Rajasthan, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Dilip Kachhawa ◽  
Hemamalini Narasimhan ◽  
Pankaj Rao
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Primary Disorder ◽  
Selection Of

Background: The Global Wealth Migration Review 2019 report, published by New World Wealth, estimated that 48% of India's total wealth was held by high-net worth individuals. Distinct factors dominate the prescription of anti-depressants in the geriatric population. Accordingly, the intention of pharmacotherapy in geriatric psycho dermatoses is deciphered in the study. . Objective: To survey and analyze the selection of anti-depressants by the dermatologists in the practice of geriatric pharmacotherapy. Methods: A questionnaire was designed and circulated among ninety-three dermatologists in three sessions and the data collected was analyzed through the cross-sectional study statistics. Results: The typical senior people attending the specialist were 25-50%. A sizeable familiarity of psycho cutaneous disturbance was attributed to dermatophyte infections, lichen simplex chronic, and Prurigo in descending order. The largely established primary disorder was neurotic excoriation. The prescription pattern was classified and 51.9% dermatologists are customary with psychotropic agent Doxepin over other agents. The discipline of the multidisciplinary approach was also studied. Limitation: Small sample size, uniregional study, prevalence study. Conclusions: The survey aids in evaluating mental health in cutaneous dermatoses of the elderly and assists the dermatologists to offer understated economical options and amend existing guidelines.

scholarly journals What People with Newly Diagnosed MS (and their Families and Friends) Need to Know

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Wollin ◽  
Helen Dale ◽  
Nancy Spenser ◽  
Anne Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract The aim of this retrospective study was to determine from people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and their families what information would assist a person with newly diagnosed MS — in which format, when, and from whom it should be delivered. Thirty-four Queensland, Australia, residents with MS and 18 family members and friends participated in the main study. Participants were self-selected for this purposive, statewide, cross-sectional study. Nine of the respondents answered open-ended questions in addition to the standard questionnaires, and seven respondents gave in-depth interviews. The respondents recommended that people with a recent MS diagnosis and their families be given a wide range of information reflective of their personal needs. The information should be provided in person (in both group and individual sessions). They preferred to receive the information from their physicians and the staff of the Multiple Sclerosis Society. Research aimed at cures and therapies, as well as counseling and support services, should be discussed early in the course of the disease. Because of the small sample size and retrospective design, additional studies with larger populations are suggested to confirm these results and their cross-cultural applicability.

scholarly journals Age-related and seasonal change in serum osmolarity and water intake in a healthy population

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nishikawa ◽  
N Miyamatsu ◽  
A Higashiyama ◽  
Y Nishida ◽  
Y Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Change ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Heat Stroke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Osmolarity ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Background and aim Few studies have clarified the seasonal and age-related change of serum osmolarity and water intake, which is thought to be associated with heat stroke and ischemic stroke. We investigated the association between them in a healthy population. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using database from Kobe Orthopedic and Biomedical Epidemiologic (KOBE) Study. Among 1138 healthy Japanese participants in the baseline survey, 1010 (women 704 and men 306) participants were eligible for the present study. Daily non-alcohol drink (NAD) intake was estimated according to food frequency questionnaire. Alcohol beverage and water in the meal or soup were excluded from the counting. Serum osmolarity (Osm/L) was calculated by Worthley’s formula: 2 (serum sodium (mEq/L)) + (blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL))/2.8 + (glucose (mg/dL))/18. The seasons the surveys were conducted were categorized into 4 groups, March-May (Spring), June-August (Summer), September-November (Autumn), and December-February (Winter). The association between serum osmolarity and daily NAD intake was analyzed using linear regression models. Results The seasonal change was observed in the serum osmolarity and daily NAD intake; serum osmolarity increased in spring and summer and daily NAD intake increased in summer. The serum osmolarity increased by aging in any seasons, while daily water intake didn’t. There was no significant association observed between serum osmolarity and the daily NAD intake, even after adjusting for sex, age, and season. Conclusions Serum osmolarity showed seasonal and age-related changes, but the serum osmolarity in subjects who had the daily habit of high NAD intake was not necessarily low. Key messages Serum osmolarity increased by aging and in spring and summer. Serum osmolarity was not associated with non-alcohol drink intake.

Microbial Leakage at the Implant-Abutment Connection Due to Implant Insertion Maneuvers: Cross-Sectional Study 5 Years Postloading in Healthy Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. e292-e296 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Peñarrocha-Oltra ◽  
Paulo H. O. Rossetti ◽  
Ugo Covani ◽  
Federica Galluccio ◽  
Luigi Canullo
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Campylobacter Rectus ◽  
Implant Therapy ◽  
Tannerella Forsythensis

The aim of this study was to test if stress on the prosthetic connection during insertion maneuvers can induce micro-warping at the implant connection. From September 2011 to July 2013, patients with implants loaded for at least 5 years that were placed with 2 different insertion implant mounters—MP (conventional) and ME (mountless)—were selected from all of those who had received dental implant therapy in the past and were attending routine check-up or spontaneous visits during the study period. Samples were obtained from inside the connection and the abutment surface using absorbent sterile paper tips. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for total bacterial counts and loads of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Tannerella forsythensis (Tf), Treponema denticola (Td), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Peptostreptococcus micros (Pm), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Campylobacter rectus (Cr), Eikenella corrodens (Ec), and Candida albicans (Ca). The analysis of variance test was used to test for differences. Nine patients (20 implants) were included in the MP group and 5 patients (10 implants) in the ME group. Regarding the red complex, Tf was seen in 80% and 30% of MP and ME implants, respectively (P &lt; .001). Significant differences were also found in microbial load. For Td, proportions were 45% vs 10% (P = .022), with no significant differences at load levels. Regarding the orange complex, higher prevalence values were found in MP implants, although differences were nonsignificant. Microbial load levels for orange complex bacteria were higher for MP than ME, and these differences were statistically significant for Fn (4.94 vs 3.09; P = .001). Finally, Ec was detected only in the MP group, and Ca and Aa were not found in either group. Within its limitation (small sample size, retrospective analysis, indirect measurement method), the present study suggests that a mounter not affecting the prosthetic connection should be used to reduce microbial contamination of implants.

scholarly journals Clinical and cytogenetic profiles of children with autism in Kuantan Pahang

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Mat Zin ◽  
Naznin Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cytogenetic Profile ◽  
Numerical Chromosomal Abnormality

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorder. The aetiology is not known in 75 to 80 percent of patients while in 20 to 25 percent a genetic cause is identified. There are very few studies on cytogenetic profile of ASD being carried out locally. This cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the clinical and cytogenetic profiles of paediatric ASD patients attending the Kuantan branch, National Autistic Society of Malaysia School. Methods: All paediatric patients (up to 18 years of age) attending the school in the year 2009/2010 were recruited. Clinical data was obtained by interviewing the guardians and assessment of the patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected for cytogenetic analysis. Results: Guardians of 14 out of 24 patients (58.3%) agreed for their children to be enrolled into the study. The age range was 5 to 12 years of age. The diagnostic subgroups were autistic disorder (13/14 patients) and Asperger syndrome (1/14). Approximately 80% had learning disability and history of allergy. Five patients had hyperactivity and none had history of seizures. There were family histories of developmental delay, mental retardation, epilepsy, psychiatric disorders and allergy. No structural or numerical chromosomal abnormality was detected. Conclusions: Although no cytogenetic abnormalities were identified, most probably due to the small sample size, it is crucial that genetic studies, including molecular genetic be explored as they would provide useful clinical insights and enhance understanding of the pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Burnout and Metabolic Syndrome in Female Nurses: An Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Chico-Barba ◽  
Karime Jiménez-Limas ◽  
Bernarda Sánchez-Jiménez ◽  
Reyna Sámano ◽  
Ana Lilia Rodríguez-Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Nurses

Nurses are at risk of having burnout due to workload and job stress—studies have reported that chronic stress is associated with metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to assess the association between burnout and metabolic syndrome in a sample of female nurses. Data were collected from a cross-sectional study from 2016 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. All nurses that work in the hospital were invited to participate. Information pertaining to sociodemographic (age, education level), work (labor seniority, service area, shift work), anthropometric (weight, waist circumference, blood pressure) and biochemical (glucose, serum lipids) variables were collected. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory test, and metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A total of 168 nurses participated with a median age of 44 years. The prevalence of burnout and metabolic syndrome was 19.6% and 38.7%, respectively. There was no association between burnout and metabolic syndrome (p = 0.373). However, associations of emotional exhaustion (aOR: 14.95; 95% CI: 1.5–148.7), personal accomplishment (aOR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.01–0.99), and night shift (aOR: 12.39; 95% CI: 1.02–150.5) with increased waist circumference were found. Strategies are needed to prevent burnout and metabolic syndrome in nurses, especially in those who work at night shift.

scholarly journals Athletic Training Services in Public Secondary Schools: A Benchmark Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riana R. Pryor ◽  
Douglas J. Casa ◽  
Lesley W. Vandermark ◽  
Rebecca L. Stearns ◽  
Sarah M. Attanasio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Athletic Trainers Association

Context: Authors of the most recent study of athletic training (AT) services have suggested that only 42% of secondary schools have access to athletic trainers. However, this study was limited by a small sample size and was conducted more than 10 years ago. Objective: To determine current AT services in public secondary schools. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Public secondary schools in the United States. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 8509 (57%) of 14 951 secondary schools from all 50 states and Washington, DC, responded to the survey. Main Outcome Measure(s): Data on AT services were collected for individual states, National Athletic Trainers' Association districts, and the nation. Results: Of the 8509 schools that responded, 70% (n = 5930) had AT services, including full-time (n = 3145, 37%), part-time (n = 2619, 31%), and per diem (n = 199, 2%) AT services, and 27% (n = 2299) had AT services from a hospital or physical therapy clinic. A total of 4075 of 8509 schools (48%) provided coverage at all sports practices. Eighty-six percent (2 394 284/2 787 595) of athletes had access to AT services. Conclusions: Since the last national survey, access to AT services increased such that 70% of respondent public secondary schools provided athletic trainers at sports games or practices. Approximately one-third of all public secondary schools had full-time athletic trainers. This number must increase further to provide appropriate medical coverage at athletic practices and games for secondary school athletes.

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