scholarly journals Metacognitive Beliefs and Suicidal Ideation: An Experience Sampling Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12336
Author(s):  
Vikki Aadahl ◽  
Adrian Wells ◽  
Robert Hallard ◽  
Daniel Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
State Level ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Cognitive Correlates ◽  
Metacognitive Beliefs ◽  
The Relationship

The current study aimed to examine the relationship between metacognitive beliefs about suicidal ideation and the content and process of suicidal ideation. This was to examine the potential contribution of the Self-Regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model (Wells and Matthew, 2015) to suicidal ideation. Twenty-seven participants completed both trait and state-level measures of suicidal ideation, negative affect, defeat, hopelessness, entrapment and metacognitive beliefs. Experience Sampling Methodology (ESM) was adopted to measure state-level measurements with participants invited to complete an online diary up to seven times a day for six days. Multi-level modelling enabled a detailed examination of the relationships between metacognitive beliefs and suicidal ideation. Positive (β = 0.241, p < 0.001) and negative (β = 0.167, p < 0.001) metacognitive beliefs about suicidal ideation were positively associated with concurrent suicidal ideation even when known cognitive correlates of suicide were controlled for. The results have important clinical implications for the assessment, formulation and treatment of suicidal ideation. Novel meta-cognitive treatments targeting beliefs about suicidal ideation are now indicated. A limited range of characteristics reported by participants affects the generalizability of findings. Future research is recommended to advance understanding of metacognition and suicide but results demonstrate an important contribution of the S-REF model.

Understanding Traumatic Brain Injury and Suicide Through the Lens of Executive Dysfunction

2017 ◽  
pp. 178-189
Author(s):  
Beeta Y. Homaifar ◽  
Melodi Billera ◽  
Sean M. Barnes ◽  
Nazanin Bahraini ◽  
Lisa A. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

The care and study of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and suicidal ideation/behavior presents unique challenges to both clinicians and researchers. In this chapter, background information regarding TBI (i.e., definition, severity classifications, epidemiology, assessment, and common postinjury sequelae/psychiatric disorders) are presented to provide context for a discussion of the complicated relationships between brain injury and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The potential contribution of executive dysfunction (e.g., impairment in reasoning and/or decision-making) is reviewed. In addition, the idea that propensity toward or against engaging in risky behavior can be used to increase understanding regarding the relationship between TBI and suicidal ideation and behaviors is discussed. Last, clinical challenges and future research directions are presented.

Gratitude and Suicidal Ideation in Undergraduates in Taiwan: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Meaning in Life

2019 ◽  
pp. 003022281988284
Author(s):  
Chih-Che Lin
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Multigroup Analysis ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined both the mediation effects of self-esteem and meaning in life for the relationship between gratitude and suicidal ideation in late adolescence. A total of 276 Taiwanese university students completed measures of gratitude, self-esteem, meaning in life, and suicidal ideation. Path analyses indicated that self-esteem and meaning in life acted as full mediators of the association between gratitude and suicidal ideation. The identified model also revealed a significant path from gratitude through self-esteem and meaning in life to suicidal ideation. A multigroup analysis found that the paths did not differ by genders. Implications for future research and limitations of the present findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Relationship between Suicidal Ideation and Cognitive Distortion Among Undergraduates

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Tan Yao Xiong ◽  
Amalia Madihie ◽  
Jamayah Saili ◽  
Mohamad Azhari Abu Bakar ◽  
Rizal Abu Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Distortion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Career Advice ◽  
The Relationship

Suicide has become a debilitating issue. Although it is a preventable condition but failure to understand the thinking pattern could significantly dampen the effort to avert it. Despite being an important issue, there is still a lack of study centralising into the thinking pattern when suicidal thoughts are mooted in. Due to this gap, this study was set to examine the relationship between cognitive distortion and suicidal ideation. Using purposive sampling 414 students whose were seeking career advice were recruited to participate in this study. Results indicated that there was a significant relationship between cognitive distortion and suicidal ideation. Using multiple regression, the finding showed that out of 10 thinking patterns, overgeneralisation contributes the most to the suicidal thoughts. These findings will help professionals to understand better the nature of suicidal ideation and assist them in providing better services and alleviating its symptoms. This study also discussed the limitations and the directions for future research.

The Mediating Roles of Hostility and Dissociation in the Relationship Between Sexual Assault and Suicidal Thinking in College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1635-1653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy M. Keefe ◽  
Melanie D. Hetzel-Riggin ◽  
Naoyuki Sunami
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicidal Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

Sexual assault and suicide are two serious public health concerns. Research has documented the relationship between sexual assault and suicidal thinking and attempts; however, limited research explores the more multifaceted relationships between posttraumatic stress reactions and suicidal ideation in college students through unsuccessful modulation of emotion. The authors hypothesized a mediation model where the relationship between sexual assault and suicidal ideation is mediated by dissociation and hostility. In total, 1,677 undergraduate students were administered modified versions of the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire (TLEQ), Symptom Checklist–90–Revised (SCL-90-R), and Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ). The results revealed both significant partial but equal mediators of hostility and dissociation. However, a portion of the direct effect between sexual assault and suicidal ideation remained unaccounted for by indirect effects. The current model supports previous work on dialectical behavior therapy that says either side of the dialectic between extreme expression and suppression of hostility increases the likelihood of suicidal thinking after sexual assault. With sexual assault survivors, practitioners should use strategies that emphasize both anger expression and healthy avoidance as a way to modulate emotion to potentially reduce suicidal thoughts. Future research should focus on different gender models, additional possible mediators such as alcohol use and guilt, and different forms of sexual assault. Limitations of the correlational, cross-sectional methodology are discussed.

scholarly journals The Association of Motivation with Mind Wandering in Trait and State Levels

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshikazu Kawagoe ◽  
Keiichi Onoda ◽  
Shuhei Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Experience Sampling Method ◽  
State Level ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
The State ◽  
Response Task ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Motivation

Mind wandering is a phenomenon in which attention drifts away from a given task towards task-unrelated thoughts. Recent studies have demonstrated that mind wandering occurs during tasks in which participants are demotivated. However, motivation ranges on a continuum from trait to state. We examined the association between trait/state motivation and trait/state mind wandering. We used common questionnaires and an experience sampling method through a sustained attention response task for measuring those indices. Through correlation analyses, we demonstrated an association between motivation and mind wandering within the same dimension (trait and state, respectively) but found no association across dimensions. Our results indicate that motivation in personality affects the occurrence of daily mind wandering, but not state mind wandering, which is affected by state motivation. Although the relationship between motivation and mind wandering is substantial, mind wandering at the state-level might be a more phasic phenomenon than expected, driven by a range of factors such as state motivation.

scholarly journals An Experience-Sampling Study on Academic Stressors and Cyberloafing in College Students: The Moderating Role of Trait Self-Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingping Zhou ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
Yun Tang ◽  
Wentao Cao
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Outstanding Issue ◽  
Moderating Role

Student cyberloafing is a relatively new educational phenomenon and is getting to be an outstanding issue that educators have to face. It is necessary to find out important factors that aggravate cyberloafing. Using an experience sampling method, this study examined the relationship between academic stressors and cyberloafing. Once a week for five consecutive weeks (T1–T5), 134 undergraduate students assessed the extent of academic stressors and cyberloafing of that week through an electronic questionnaire. Additionally, participants completed a trait self-control scale at Time 2. Results of two-level regression analysis showed that academic stressors were negatively associated with cyberloafing at the within-person level (i.e., week-to-week changes), but not at the between-person level. Furthermore, this relationship pattern was only observed in students with low trait self-control, while those with high trait self-control were less likely to cyberloaf regardless of academic stressors. These findings suggest that cyberloafing can fluctuate over periods, especially for individuals who lack self-control. Future research should consider cyberloafing from a dynamic perspective of individual-context interaction. Several practical implications are also discussed.

Self-Esteem and Depression as Mediators of the Effects of Gratitude on Suicidal Ideation Among Taiwanese College Students

2019 ◽  
pp. 003022281989235
Author(s):  
Chih-Che Lin
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Multigroup Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed at examining the roles of self-esteem and depression in the relationship between gratitude and suicidal ideation. A total of 814 Taiwanese college students ranging in age from 18 to 22 years completed measures of gratitude, self-esteem, depression, and suicidal ideation. Structural equation modeling showed partial mediation effects of self-esteem and depression between gratitude and suicidal ideation. Moreover, a multigroup analysis found that males with higher levels of self-esteem could protect themselves from depression more easily than their female counterparts. Implications for future research and limitations of the present findings are discussed.

Mental Control of Musical Imagery in the Lab and Everyday Life: Combining Behavioral and Experience-Sampling Approaches

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine N. Cotter ◽  
Paul Silvia
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Mental Control ◽  
Musical Imagery ◽  
Behavioral Assessments ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
The Relationship

Mental control of musical imagery consists of two components: initiation—did you start it on purpose?—and management—did you alter, sustain, or end the experience after it began?. The present research examined these two components of mental control using both behavioral lab-based musical imagery tasks and self-reports of mental control in daily life using experience sampling methods. Both music students and members of the general university community participated. This project had four primary aims: (1) examining the relationship between initiation and management of musical imagery; (2) assessing how mental control abilities differ as a function of stimulus type; (3) describing perceptions of initiation and management in daily life; and (4) evaluating how well performance on lab-based behavioral tasks aligns with self-reported mental control in daily life. The findings suggest that initiation and management abilities are closely related, people perform equivalently when asked to control tonal stimuli and song stimuli, people generally report the ability to control musical imagery in daily life, and self-report and behavioral assessments of mental control of musical imagery show a modest association. These findings have implications for current understandings of control of musical imagery and identify several avenues for future research.

Freedom and entrepreneurship: a spatial econometric approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua C. Hall ◽  
Donald J. Lacombe ◽  
Shree B. Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
State Level ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Spatial Lag ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spatial Autoregressive ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose While many studies find a positive relationship between economic freedom and entrepreneurship, very few of these studies account for possible spatial autocorrelation. Moreover, the development of an overall freedom measure has allowed researchers to test the relationship between overall freedom (personal plus economic) and entrepreneurship. The literature, however, does not account for spatial dependence in entrepreneurial activity. The purpose of this paper is to test for possible spatial dependence in entrepreneurial activity. Design/methodology/approach The authors employ a spatial autoregressive model to account for possible spatial dependence in entrepreneurial activity across states. The authors have data for entrepreneurial activity and overall freedom for a cross-section of data on the 48 contiguous US states for 2009. Findings The authors find no evidence of spatial dependence in entrepreneurial activity. Research limitations/implications The authors are limited to a cross-section. Combined with the spatial lag of the dependent variable, the authors might have too few observations to find statistical significance on either the spatial lag or other explanatory variables. Practical implications Future research should continue to account for possible spatial dependence. Social implications Entrepreneurship is key to economic growth. Freedom has been shown to lead to more entrepreneurship at the state level in other research. Originality/value This brief research note is the first paper to account for spatial dependence in the relationship between overall freedom and entrepreneurial activity.

Symptoms of Alcohol Dependence Predict Suicide Ideation Among Alaskan Undergraduates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. DeCou ◽  
Monica C. Skewes
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Students At Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract. Background: Previous research has demonstrated an association between alcohol-related problems and suicidal ideation (SI). Aims: The present study evaluated, simultaneously, alcohol consequences and symptoms of alcohol dependence as predictors of SI after adjusting for depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption. Method: A sample of 298 Alaskan undergraduates completed survey measures, including the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire, the Short Alcohol Dependence Data Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory – II. The association between alcohol problems and SI status was evaluated using sequential logistic regression. Results: Symptoms of alcohol dependence (OR = 1.88, p < .05), but not alcohol-related consequences (OR = 1.01, p = .95), emerged as an independent predictor of SI status above and beyond depressive symptoms (OR = 2.39, p < .001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.08, p = .39). Conclusion: Alcohol dependence symptoms represented a unique risk for SI relative to alcohol-related consequences and alcohol consumption. Future research should examine the causal mechanism behind the relationship between alcohol dependence and suicidality among university students. Assessing the presence of dependence symptoms may improve the accuracy of identifying students at risk of SI.

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