scholarly journals Stress and Bio-Ethical Issues Perceived by Romanian Healthcare Practitioners in the COVID-19 Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12749
Author(s):  
Daniela Reisz ◽  
Iulia Crișan ◽  
Andrea Reisz ◽  
Raluca Tudor ◽  
Doina Georgescu
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Moderate Stress

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on different areas of life, especially in the medical system. Because of the pandemic outbreak, the medical system was remodeled to treat COVID-19 patients in secure conditions. Those changes and restrictive measures have put pressure on individual adaptability. The present study investigated the stress of Romanian healthcare practitioners (HCP) and the capacity to deal with new bio-ethical issues that emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Methods: We analyzed results from a survey on 97 Romanian HCP in several areas: personal experience with COVID-19, perceived emotional distress, and appraisal of bio-ethical principles respected or infringed during the pandemic in 2020. Results: Unlike previous studies, our respondents reported low to moderate stress levels. In addition, few bio-ethical principles were infringed on a personal level. Tendencies to sacrifice individual autonomy and make decisions affecting patients and co-workers were more prevalent among HCP with over 30 years of experience. Conclusions: Retrospectively, Romanian HCP in our sample appeared to share an embellished view of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Potentially related factors and coping mechanisms with stress are discussed.

TINGKAT STRES KERJA DAN STRATEGI KOPING GURU SD DALAM IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Nadia Yuli Pertiwi ◽  
Ice Yulia Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central District ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Moderate Stress

Kualitas guru sangat mempengaruhi pendidikan pada setiap jenjangnya termasuk jenjang sekolah dasar. Profesi guru termasuk salah satu pekerjaan yang memiliki tingkat stres kerja yang tinggi. Salah satu penyebab stres adalah kurikulum pendidikan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat stres kerja dan strategi koping guru sekolah dasar negeri dalam implementasi kurikulum 2013 di Kecamatan Bogor Tengah Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif sederhana dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 222 guru di sekolah dasar negeri Kecamatan Bogor Tengah yang dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa sebesar (81,5%) guru mengalami stres sedang. Penjabaran dari dimensi stres kerja yaitu dimensi peran kerja individu (ORQ), dimensi beban kerja individu (PSQ), dan dimensi sumber daya yang dimiliki (PRQ) menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas guru mengalami stres sedang pada ketiga kategori tersebut. Adapun jenis strategi koping yang paling sering digunakan adalah problem focused coping (54,6%). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan agar perawat dapat bekerja sama dengan pihak sekolah dasar negeri untuk memfasilitasi kegiatan yang dapat meminimalkan kejadian stres kerja dengan penggunaan strategi koping yang tepat.   Kata kunci: Guru sekolah dasar negeri, stres kerja, kurikulum 2013, strategi koping   THE LEVEL OF STRESS AND COPING STRATEGY OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN IMPLEMENTATION OF CURRICULUM 2013   ABSTRACT Teachers quality is greatly influence education at the whole level of education including elementary school level. Teachers are one of the jobs with high levels of work stress. One of the causes of work stress is  educational curriculum. This study aims to determine the level of stress and coping strategy of elementary school teachers in implementation of curriculum 2013 in Bogor Central District, Bogor. The design in this research used descriptive quantitative with cross sectional approach. This study involved 222 elementary schools teachers in Bogor Central District selected by purposive sampling. The results of this study illustrate the majority of elementary schools teachers in Bogor Central District (81,5%) experience moderate stress. Each dimension of work stress, occupational role (ORQ), personal strain (PSQ) and personal resources (PRQ) show that the majority of teachers experience moderate stress. The type of coping strategy that is most often used by elementary schools teachers in Bogor Central Districtis is problem focused coping (54,6%). The results of this study recommend nurses to be able for collaboration with school to facilitate activities that could reduce stress and use appropriate coping strategies.   Keywords: Elementary School Teacher, work stress, curriculum 2013, coping strategy

scholarly journals Ethical issues relating to qualitative research

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jelsma ◽  
S. Clow
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Scientific Rigour ◽  
Hands On

Qualitative research or naturalistic research has moved from the sidelines into the mainstream of health research and an increasing number of qualitative research proposals are being presented for ethical review Qualitative research presents ethical problems that which are unique to the intensive hands-on paradigm which characterises naturalistic research. This paper briefly outlines the most common methodologies used in this research. The four ethical principles of benevolence, non-maleficence, autonomy and justice will be used as a framework to explore specific ethical issues related to this form of inquiry. The need for scientific rigour will also be explored as research that is scientifically unsound can never be ethical.

Ethical Issues in the Feeding of Patients Suffering from Dementia: a focus group study of hospital staff responses to conflicting principles

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Wilmot ◽  
Lesley Legg ◽  
Janice Barratt
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
National Health Service Trust ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
Personal Attitudes

Feeding difficulties in older patients who are suffering from dementia present problems with balancing conflicting ethical principles. They have been considered by several writers in recent years, and the views of nursing and care staff have been studied in different contexts. The present study used focus groups to explore the way in which nursing and care staff in a National Health Service trust deal with conflict between ethical principles in this area. Three focus groups were convened, one each from the staff of three wards caring for patients with dementia. Case histories were discussed and transcripts analysed. It emerged that staff were aware of making fine judgements of utility concerning the spectrum of feeding methods available. Informants gave some weight to the principle of autonomy, but sought to balance that against their commitment to care. In explaining their perspectives, informants gave more weight to personal attitudes and trust culture than to professional ethics

Ijtihad in Contemporary Shi`ism

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-52
Author(s):  
Hamid Mavani
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Economic

The adoption of the Mu`tazili school of “rationalist” theology and the institution of ijtihad enabled Shi`i legal theory to exhibit vibrancy and made it adaptable to changing contingencies and circumstances. But because Shi`i jurists did not face the challenge of governing a state, their juridical focus and orientation remained fixated on resolving issues confronting the laity or their followers (muqallid) at a personal level and did not provide an ethical framework for the ijtihad process. The establishment of a Shi`i state in Iran in 1979, which forced them to tackle social, political, economic, educational, and cultural issues, demanded a change in orientation – away from the individual and toward society as the unit of analysis vis-à-vis ijtihad. They marshaled various methods, legal devices, and strategies to address contemporary social issues in order to provide pragmatic guidance to the citizens that would be in conformity with the moral and ethical principles laid out in the revelatory sources. This paper examines the writings of Ayatullahs Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr, Muhammad Mahdi Shamsuddin, Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadlullah, and Ruhullah Musavi al-Khomeini and studies this phenomenon of change from individual-oriented ijtihad to society-oriented ijtihad.

ETHICAL ISSUES AND THE CORONAVIRUS EPIDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Oleg Letov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
English Language ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Precautionary Approach ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Health Advice ◽  
Analytical Review

The article is an analytical review of English-language articles on contemporary ethical issues related to the coronavirus epidemic. Such principles of biomedical ethics as respect for the freedom of the patient, non-harm are analyzed. A precautionary approach is formulated, the main norms of which are practicality, impartiality, proportionality and justification. It is emphasized that public health advice and action should be part of a broader effort to gain and maintain confidence in the action taken. Reasonable trust requires a serious attitude to the ethical problems associated with the implementation of the intended ethical principles.

scholarly journals Ethical Issues of Fair Subject Selection in the Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sifat Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
International Review ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Subject Selection ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Oversight System

Ethics and ethical principles extend to all spheres of human activity. They apply to our dealings with each other, with animals and the environment. They should govern our interactions not only in conducting research but also in commerce, employment and politics. Ethics serve to identify good, desirable or acceptable conduct and provide reasons for those conclusions. Fair subject selection is the first and foremost concern which must be ensured before initiating a research project.  Which subjects may enroll in the research is determined by the study’s inclusion or exclusion criteria. One of the important aspects of fair subject selection is to have an oversight system through International Review Board (IRB) to review to conduct the research and to have approval whether subject selection is fair or not.

The Ethics of Testing

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Garton
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Test Administration ◽  
Test Interpretation ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Test Use ◽  
Test Usage

This paper is concerned with ethical issues in the practice and administration of tests. Some broad principles related to the knowledge required for test usage are described, together with the skills necessary for competent test use. Ethical practice in relation to test users, training in testing, test administration, test interpretation and test instruments is also examined. The focus then changes to a consideration of the more general ethical principles that apply to professional practice and are equally applicable to testing. A final section examines the relevance of these issues for career guidance practitioners and also some recent professional developments that will encourage ethical practice in testing.

Preamble, Purpose, and Ethical Principles Sections of the NASW Code of Ethics: A Preliminary Analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Woodcock
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Mission Statement ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
National Association ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Fourth Section

The first three, brief sections of the Code of Ethics of the National Association of Social Workers (1999) display striking inconsistency of content and uncertainty of purpose. The decision to incorporate those sections into a single code document along with the lengthy fourth section (Ethical Standards) appears to have contributed to their imperfection. The mission statement and the ethical principles, in particular, may develop better if they are divided into separate documents, each with its own distinct purpose. Such a development might help reduce the extent to which social workers must rely upon individualistic rather than shared wisdom in responding to common ethical issues.

scholarly journals What do college students do and think about IT ethics?

10.29007/jw8j ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Ulman ◽  
Albert Harris ◽  
Cristina Marreiros ◽  
Rui Quaresma ◽  
Murodjon Ganiyev
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
It Ethics ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
One Way Anova

Ethics has become a part of many Information Technology (IT) and business classes at colleges and universities. However, the way of teaching IT ethical behavior is sometimes non-effective. Yet, many current ethical issues related to emerging technologies such as big data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are not considered at all. The paper aims to explore relationships between students’ demographics and inclination towards unethical behavior. The study presents results of a multinational survey conducted with convenience samples of college students at public universities in seven countries from Europe, Africa and North America between October 2017 and January 2018. The survey instrument contained items reporting on perceived importance of IT ethics issues, personal experience with them, and several demographics questions. Data analysis is done with descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and F-tests. We conclude that nationality, gender, degree year, computer skills and perception of the importance of IT ethics are significantly related with behavior. Perceptions and behavior of students evolve with the rapid pace of technology, which should be a major concern both for educators and business managers as they would recruit prospective employees from the current students.

scholarly journals The Law of Marine Fishing: Challenges and Coping Strategies for Sustainable Marine Fishing in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Attobrah Justice ◽  
Aboagye Emmanuel Mensah ◽  
Afrane Sandylove ◽  
Ampah Dankwa Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Marine Fishing ◽  
The Unclos

Waters off the coasts of West Africa are very rich with many different types of fish and marine life. Some species like sardines, tuna, mackerel, tilapia and shrimps are important to many local communities and economies in West Africa. However, the current overfishing of these fish affects the sustainability of fishery industry. Despite Ghana ratifying to a number of international marine laws to ensure a sustainable marine fishing, there seem to be some challenges that are associated with marine fishing in Ghana. This paper further examines the strategies that have been employed by the fishing community and the fisheries ministry in Ghana as a response to restrictive measures for the challenges identified and discussed in literature. This paper is fundamentally an extensive review of marine fisheries literature. In general terms, it was found that, Ghana has ratified to a number of international marine laws including the UNCLOS.

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