scholarly journals Characterizing Trends in Lung Cancer Mortality Attributable to Airborne Environmental Carcinogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13162
Author(s):  
Mitchell Veith ◽  
Drury McAlarney ◽  
Xiaonan Xue ◽  
Thomas E. Rohan ◽  
H. Dean Hosgood
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Environmental Carcinogens ◽  
Uncertainty Interval ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Global Age ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Population

Tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer is the leading cause of cancer death globally, but trends in TBL mortality attributable to tobacco, ambient particulate matter pollution (APMP), and household air pollution (HAP) were unequally distributed within global population subgroups over the last three decades. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study to quantify the impact of sex, time, sociodemographic development index (SDI), and age for each exposure from 1990–2019. During that interval, tobacco dominated the TBL cancer mortality landscape, with its minimum global age-adjusted death rate of 16.71 deaths/100,000 (95% Uncertainty Interval (UI): 15.27–18.13) outstripping maximums of 3.85 deaths/100,000 (UI: 2.82–4.83) and 2.54 deaths/100,000 (UI: 1.69–3.54) for APMP and HAP, respectively. In 2019, tobacco male TBL death rates exceeded female rates by a factor of 4.4:1. Ratios of 1.9:1 for APMP and 2.1:1 for HAP were seen. Our analysis indicates that both-sex middle SDI and female low, low-middle, and high-middle SDI populations are suffering increasing tobacco TBL burden. Efforts producing successful global reductions in HAP-associated TBL mortality should continue, with attention to low SDI female death rate increases. Finally, except for high SDI populations, global APMP-attributable TBL cancer burden is increasing and represents a major health concern.

scholarly journals Lung cancer mortality due to delayed treatment: Literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
B. А. Abdurakhmanov ◽  
Z. К. Avizovа
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Lung cancer is still leading in the structure of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Delay in appropriate treatment increases the probability of death from this disease. Purpose: to study foreign scientific publications of recent years on the mortality from lung cancer due to delayed treatment. Results: The analysis of global literature for 2010-2020 shows that any delay in lung cancer treatment after establishing the diagnosis reduces the survival rates. Recent studies provide a qualitative assessment of the effect of delay in treatment on cancer mortality for prioritization and modeling. The indications for surgery, systemic treatment, and radiation therapy in seven types of cancer, including lung cancer, evidence a significant association between delay in treatment and increased mortality. The researchers believe that early diagnostics increase the treatment efficacy. Conclusion: Analyzing the barriers to timely treatment for lung cancer can help clarify and assess the impact of delayed treatment on survival. Policies designed to minimize delays in treatment can improve survival outcomes.

The Impact of Adolescent Obesity on Adult Height

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avivit Brener ◽  
Rachel Bello ◽  
Yael Lebenthal ◽  
Michal Yackobovitch-Gavan ◽  
Moshe Phillip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Height ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Excess Adiposity ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Childhood obesity is a major health concern. Excess adiposity during childhood affects growth and puberty. Our aim was to assess whether genetic adult height is compromised in adolescents with obesity. Methods: In a retrospective study of 190 obese patients followed at our Pediatric Endocrinology Institute, adult height and delta height (the difference between adult height and mid-parental height) were compared to those of 150 healthy age-matched normal-weight controls. Review of medical files yielded the relevant clinical and anthropometric data of patients, controls, and parents. Results: Of the 190 obese adolescents, 150 were morbidly obese. The median adult height of morbidly obese males was 174.3 cm, of obese males 174 cm, and of normal-weight males 176 cm (p = 0.025). Delta height of morbidly obese males was –0.5 cm, of obese males –0.8 cm, and of normal-weight males, 3 cm (p < 0.0001). The median adult height of morbidly obese females was 161.3 cm, of obese females 162.8 cm, and of normal-weight females 162 cm (p = 0.37). Delta height of morbidly obese females was –1.85 cm, of obese females –0.95 cm, and of normal-weight females 0.7 cm (p = 0.019). Impairment of potential genetic height was not associated with obesity-related comorbidities. Conclusion: Adolescents with obesity showed impairment of potential genetic adult height as compared to that of normal-weight subjects.

scholarly journals Exploring the impact of screening with low-dose CT on lung cancer mortality in mild to moderate COPD patients: A pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 702-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. de-Torres ◽  
Ciro Casanova ◽  
Jose M. Marín ◽  
Jorge Zagaceta ◽  
Ana B. Alcaide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose Ct ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The impact of atmospheric particulate matter on cancer incidence and mortality in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1737-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshio Yanagi ◽  
João Vicente de Assunção ◽  
Ligia Vizeu Barrozo
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This study aimed to verify the impact of inhalable particulate matter (PM10) on cancer incidence and mortality in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Statistical techniques were used to investigate the relationship between PM10 on cancer incidence and mortality in selected districts. For some types of cancer (skin, lung, thyroid, larynx, and bladder) and some periods, the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.60 to 0.80 for incidence. Lung cancer mortality showed more correlations during the overall period. Spatial analysis showed that districts distant from the city center showed higher than expected relative risk, depending on the type of cancer. According to the study, urban PM10 can contribute to increased incidence of some cancers and may also contribute to increased cancer mortality. The results highlight the need to adopt measures to reduce atmospheric PM10 levels and the importance of their continuous monitoring.

scholarly journals The impact of certification of general thoracic surgeons on lung cancer mortality: a survey by The Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. e134-e140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Nagayasu ◽  
Shuntaro Sato ◽  
Hiroshi Yamamoto ◽  
Naoya Yamasaki ◽  
Tomoshi Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Thoracic Surgery ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Japanese Association ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Assessing Progress in Reducing the Burden of Cancer Mortality, 1985-2005

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Soneji ◽  
Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez ◽  
Harold C. Sox
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Average Person ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Purpose Measuring the effect of cancer interventions must take into account rising cancer incidence now that people live longer because of declines in mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cancer mortality rates in the population do not accomplish this objective. We sought a measure that would reveal the effects of changing mortality rates from other diseases. Methods We obtained annual breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer mortality rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries; we obtained noncancer mortality rates from national death certificates, 1975 to 2005. We used life-table methods to calculate the burden of cancer mortality as the average person-years of life lost (PYLL) as a result of cancer (cancer-specific PYLL) and quantify individual—and perhaps offsetting—contributions of the two factors that affect cancer-specific PYLL: mortality rates as a result of cancer and other-cause mortality. Results Falling cancer mortality rates reduced the burden of mortality from leading cancers, but increasing cancer incidence as a result of decreasing other-cause mortality rates partially offset this progress. Between 1985 and 1989 and between 2000 and 2004, the burden of lung cancer in males declined by 0.1 year of life lost. This decline reflects the sum of two effects: decreasing lung cancer mortality rates that reduced the average burden of lung cancer mortality by 0.33 years of life lost and declining other-cause mortality rates that raised it by 0.23 years. Other common cancers showed similar patterns. Conclusion By using a measure that accounts for increased cancer incidence as a result of improvements in CVD mortality, we find that prior assessments have underestimated the impact of cancer interventions.

scholarly journals Lung cancer mortality due to delayed treatment: Literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
B. А. Abdurakhmanov ◽  
Z. К. Avizovа
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Relevance: Lung cancer is still leading in the structure of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Delay in appropriate treatment increases the probability of death from this disease. Purpose: to study foreign scientific publications of recent years on the mortality from lung cancer due to delayed treatment. Results: The analysis of global literature for 2010- 2020 shows that any delay in lung cancer treatment after establishing the diagnoses reduces the survival rates. Recent studies provide a qualitative assessment of the effect of delay in treatment on cancer mortality for prioritization and modeling. The indications for surgery, systemic treatment, and radiation therapy in seven types of cancer, including lung cancer, evidence a significant association between delay in treatment and increased mortality. The researchers believe that early diagnostics increase the treatment efficacy. Conclusion: Analyzing the barriers to timely treatment for lung cancer can help clarify and assess the impact of delayed treatment on survival. Policies designed to minimize delays in treatment can improve survival outcomes.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic disparities in cancer incidence and mortality in England and the impact of age-at-diagnosis on cancer mortality

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0253854
Author(s):  
Ayşe Arık ◽  
Erengul Dodd ◽  
Andrew Cairns ◽  
George Streftaris
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparities ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cancer Morbidity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Female Lung Cancer

Background We identify socioeconomic disparities by region in cancer morbidity and mortality in England for all-cancer and type-specific cancers, and use incidence data to quantify the impact of cancer diagnosis delays on cancer deaths between 2001–2016. Methods and findings We obtain population cancer morbidity and mortality rates at various age, year, gender, deprivation, and region levels based on a Bayesian approach. A significant increase in type-specific cancer deaths, which can also vary among regions, is shown as a result of delay in cancer diagnoses. Our analysis suggests increase of 7.75% (7.42% to 8.25%) in female lung cancer mortality in London, as an impact of 12-month delay in cancer diagnosis, and a 3.39% (3.29% to 3.48%) increase in male lung cancer mortality across all regions. The same delay can cause a 23.56% (23.09% to 24.30%) increase in male bowel cancer mortality. Furthermore, for all-cancer mortality, the highest increase in deprivation gap happened in the East Midlands, from 199 (186 to 212) in 2001, to 239 (224 to 252) in 2016 for males, and from 114 (107 to 121) to 163 (155 to 171) for females. Also, for female lung cancer, the deprivation gap has widened with the highest change in the North West, e.g. for incidence from 180 (172 to 188) to 272 (261 to 282), whereas it has narrowed for prostate cancer incidence with the biggest reduction in the South West from 165 (139 to 190) in 2001 to 95 (72 to 117) in 2016. Conclusions The analysis reveals considerable disparities in all-cancer and some type-specific cancers with respect to socioeconomic status. Furthermore, a significant increase in cancer deaths is shown as a result of delays in cancer diagnoses which can be linked to concerns about the effect of delay in cancer screening and diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health interventions at regional and deprivation level can contribute to prevention of cancer deaths.

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