scholarly journals The impact of atmospheric particulate matter on cancer incidence and mortality in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1737-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshio Yanagi ◽  
João Vicente de Assunção ◽  
Ligia Vizeu Barrozo
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This study aimed to verify the impact of inhalable particulate matter (PM10) on cancer incidence and mortality in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Statistical techniques were used to investigate the relationship between PM10 on cancer incidence and mortality in selected districts. For some types of cancer (skin, lung, thyroid, larynx, and bladder) and some periods, the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.60 to 0.80 for incidence. Lung cancer mortality showed more correlations during the overall period. Spatial analysis showed that districts distant from the city center showed higher than expected relative risk, depending on the type of cancer. According to the study, urban PM10 can contribute to increased incidence of some cancers and may also contribute to increased cancer mortality. The results highlight the need to adopt measures to reduce atmospheric PM10 levels and the importance of their continuous monitoring.

scholarly journals Lung Cancer Mortality Trends in a Brazilian City with a Long History of Asbestos Consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisele Aparecida Fernandes ◽  
Eduardo Algranti ◽  
Gleice Margarete de Souza Conceição ◽  
Victor Wünsch Filho ◽  
Tatiana Natasha Toporcov
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

There are scarce epidemiological studies on lung cancer mortality in areas exposed to asbestos in developing countries. We compared the rates and trends in mortality from lung cancer between 1980 and 2016 in a municipality that made extensive use of asbestos, Osasco, with rates from a referent municipality with lower asbestos exposure and with the rates for the State of São Paulo. We retrieved death records for cases of lung cancer (ICD-9 C162) (ICD-10 C33 C34) from 1980 to 2016 in adults aged 60 years and older. The join point regression and age-period-cohort models were fitted to the data. Among men, there was an increasing trend in lung cancer mortality in Osasco of 0.7% (CI: 0.1; 1.3) in contrast to a mean annual decrease for Sorocaba of -1.5% (CI: −2.4; −0.6) and a stable average trend for São Paulo of -0.1 (IC: −0.3; 0.1). Similar increasing trends were seen in women. The age-period-cohort model showed an increase in the risk of death from 1996 in Osasco and a reduction for Sorocaba and São Paulo State during the same period. Our results point to a need for a special monitoring regarding lung cancer incidence and mortality in areas with higher asbestos exposure.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6185
Author(s):  
André Ruoppolo Biazoti ◽  
Angélica Campos Nakamura ◽  
Gustavo Nagib ◽  
Vitória Oliveira Pereira de Souza Leão ◽  
Giulia Giacchè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sales Channels ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, farmers worldwide were greatly affected by disruptions in the food chain. In 2020, São Paulo city experienced most of the effects of the pandemic in Brazil, with 15,587 deaths through December 2020. Here, we describe the impacts of COVID-19 on urban agriculture (UA) in São Paulo from April to August 2020. We analyzed two governmental surveys of 2100 farmers from São Paulo state and 148 from São Paulo city and two qualitative surveys of volunteers from ten community gardens and seven urban farmers. Our data showed that 50% of the farmers were impacted by the pandemic with drops in sales, especially those that depended on intermediaries. Some farmers in the city adapted to novel sales channels, but 22% claimed that obtaining inputs became difficult. No municipal support was provided to UA in São Paulo, and pre-existing issues were exacerbated. Work on community gardens decreased, but no garden permanently closed. Post COVID-19, UA will have the challenge of maintaining local food chains established during the pandemic. Due to the increase in the price of inputs and the lack of technical assistance, governmental efforts should be implemented to support UA.

scholarly journals Lung cancer mortality due to delayed treatment: Literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
B. А. Abdurakhmanov ◽  
Z. К. Avizovа
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Lung cancer is still leading in the structure of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Delay in appropriate treatment increases the probability of death from this disease. Purpose: to study foreign scientific publications of recent years on the mortality from lung cancer due to delayed treatment. Results: The analysis of global literature for 2010-2020 shows that any delay in lung cancer treatment after establishing the diagnosis reduces the survival rates. Recent studies provide a qualitative assessment of the effect of delay in treatment on cancer mortality for prioritization and modeling. The indications for surgery, systemic treatment, and radiation therapy in seven types of cancer, including lung cancer, evidence a significant association between delay in treatment and increased mortality. The researchers believe that early diagnostics increase the treatment efficacy. Conclusion: Analyzing the barriers to timely treatment for lung cancer can help clarify and assess the impact of delayed treatment on survival. Policies designed to minimize delays in treatment can improve survival outcomes.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic in hospitalizations due to brain tumors from the epicenter of Latin America.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18785-e18785
Author(s):  
Isabella Batista Martins Portugal ◽  
Luis Eduardo Werneck De Carvalho ◽  
Jean Henri Schoueri ◽  
Leandro Fórnias Machado Rezende ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Health System ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

e18785 Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted health care systems worldwide. In Brazil, the disease had its first case in the city of São Paulo, thus being the starting point and epicenter of this disease in Latin America. Neurological features are currently well recognized in COVID-19 indicating the neurotropic nature of the virus and include anosmia, myalgia, myositis, encephalitis, meningitis, cerebrovascular disease, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and post-infectious myelitis. CNS tumors though relatively rare (> 2% of all cancers) are a relevant source of cancer-related morbi-mortality worldwide. Although studies have reported higher COVID-19 severity in cancer patients, the consequences of the pandemic on health care for CNS tumors remain inconclusive and will probably be felt for decades. This study aimed to determine the impact of pandemic on the hospital admissions (HA) due to CNS tumors in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of the HAs due to CNS tumors in the city of São Paulo comparing the outbreak period (January-June 2020) and a pre-pandemic corresponding period of the years 2017-2019. Data were obtained from the Brazilian Unified Health System - Hospital Information System database according to the chapter II of the International Classification of Diseases - 10th revision (ICD-10). Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the incidence of HAs and time (months). Results: A significant reduction in HAs due to CNS tumors was observed during the outbreak period (January-June 2020). Benign neoplasm of brain and other parts of CNS (-2, CI -2 to -1) and malignant neoplasm of brain (-5, CI -7 to -3) showed to be remarkably affected (see table). To our knowledge, this is the first scientific report of significant reduction of HAs due to CNS tumors during COVID-19 era. Conclusions: Our findings seem to be associated to delayed oncological diagnose and care to CNS tumor patients during the lockdown and health system collapse. A rebound help-seeking effect as well as more severe complications may present in the post‐pandemic. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of the ongoing pandemic in CNS neoplasms in order to strategically corroborate public health actions for short- and long-term implications of COVID-19 pandemic. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Characteristics and Extent of Particulate Matter Emissions of a Ropeway Public Mobility System in the City Center of Perugia (Central Italy)

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1356
Author(s):  
Beatrice Moroni ◽  
Stefano Crocchianti ◽  
Federica Bruschi ◽  
Chiara Petroselli ◽  
Alessandro Di Menno di Bucchianico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽  
Aerosol Sampling ◽  
City Center ◽  
Mobility System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Minimetrò (MM) is a ropeway public mobility system that has been in operation in the city of Perugia for about ten years to integrate with urban mobility and lighten vehicular traffic in the historic city center. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of MM as a source of pollutants in the urban context, and the exposure of people in the cabins and the platforms along the MM line. These topics have been investigated by means of intensive measurement and sampling campaigns performed in February and June 2015 on three specific sites of the MM line representative of different sources and levels of urban pollution. Stationary and dynamic measurements of particle size distribution, nanoparticle and black carbon aerosol number and mass concentrations measurements were performed by means of different bench and portable instruments. Aerosol sampling was carried out using low volume and high-volume aerosol samplers, and the samples nalysed by off-line methods. Results show that MM is a considerable source of atmospheric particulate matter having characteristics very similar to those of the common urban road dust in Perugia. In the lack of clear indications on road dust effect, the contribution of MM to the aerosol in Perugia cannot be neglected.

scholarly journals Association between particulate matter air pollution and monthly inhalation and nebulization procedures in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Cristina Carneseca ◽  
Jorge Alberto Achcar ◽  
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Random Factor ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study was designed to investigate the impact of air pollution on monthly inhalation/nebulization procedures in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 2004 to 2010. To assess the relationship between the procedures and particulate matter (PM10) a Bayesian Poisson regression model was used, including a random factor that captured extra-Poisson variability between counts. Particulate matter was associated with the monthly number of inhalation/nebulization procedures, but the inclusion of covariates (temperature, precipitation, and season of the year) suggests a possible confounding effect. Although other studies have linked particulate matter to an increasing number of visits due to respiratory morbidity, the results of this study suggest that such associations should be interpreted with caution.

The Echo Chamber

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-100
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Government ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Recent Attempt ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The Third ◽  
Acoustic Insulation ◽  
Echo Chamber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This chapter examines the São Paulo Municipal Chamber, focusing on three noise debates in São Paulo, the first two of which involve noise ordinances created in the 1990s, and enforced by the PSIU. The first debate revolves around the Evangelical lawmakers’ attempts to exclude, minimize, or hinder the impact of the noise ordinance on religious services. The second debate focuses on an ordinance that requires bars without acoustic insulation to close at 1:00 a.m.: a demand that faced strong opposition from nightlife businesses. The third debate circles back to the beginning of this article. I describe the recent attempt of a group of acoustic engineers to lobby the city administration for the systematic mapping of traffic noise. For the sound specialists, it is only with such an acoustic map that the municipal government can plan a truly sustainable city.

scholarly journals Cancer incidence in eighteen cities of the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela I Andreoni ◽  
Donaldo B Veneziano ◽  
Osvaldo Giannotti Filho ◽  
Carlos Marigo ◽  
Antonio P Mirra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
International Agency ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
The City ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rates

OBJECTIVE: As in Brazil cancer registries are mostly based on large cities, there are no estimates per state or per region and information on the disease incidence in the vast in-land areas is very scarce. An incidence survey was conducted in 18 major cities of the state of São Paulo, excluding the capital, aiming to collect information about cancer incidence in the state of São Paulo. METHODS: Of the 18 cities in state of São Paulo included in the survey, all had available resources for cancer management. Data from the year of 1991 were collected by the personnel of the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Statistics), who were especially trained by the study coordinators at the Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo (Cancer Center of São Paulo). The collected data were processed and analyzed at the Oncocentro. Data collection, processing, and analyses were performed according to the recommendations of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. RESULTS: Although some discrepancies were observed in cancer incidence rates between the cities, results obtained for all 18 cities combined were remarkably close to those recently found for the city of São Paulo in the year 1993. One remarkable finding was the relatively high cancer incidence rates in both sexes in the city of Santos. CONCLUSIONS: The very similar all-sites cancer incidence rates found in the year 1991, when compared to those for the city of São Paulo in the year 1993, are suggestive that all regions have common cancer-related factors. Nevertheless, other explanations, such as the inclusion in the study of prevalent cases, as well as of non-residents, may have occurred in both studies, biasing the results. There is a need of further studies to confirm the high cancer incidence in Santos.

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