Impact of Naturally Occurring Asbestos on Asbestos Ban: Regulations and Experience of the Republic of Korea

This review examined the main issues debated in Korea regarding the production and use of materials containing naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) as impurities, and investigated the impacts of these debates on the asbestos ban, as well as the future implications. In Korea, incidents associated with the production and use of NOA-contaminated talc powders, construction rocks, serpentinites, and dolomite rocks raised public concern and led to accelerating the ban on asbestos. The main controversies concern policies on appropriate asbestos content limits, whether materials containing a trace amount of NOA should be banned, and the control of materials with high human exposure risk. To address recurring controversies, the implementation of preventive measures to manage elongated mineral particles and the use of transmission electron microscopy for more sensitive analysis need to be discussed, along with reaching social agreement on the controversial policies. To minimize the potential exposure to asbestos that may occur during the production and use of industrial minerals in the future, it is necessary to apply occupational exposure control measures and monitor the health effects of the relevant population groups. These national policies on NOA should be prepared based on close collaboration and discussion with policymakers, industry stakeholders, and related academic experts.

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Does Exposure to Naturally Occurring Asbestos (NOA) During Dam Construction Increase Mesothelioma Risk?

Environmental and Engineering Geoscience ◽

10.2113/eeg-2291 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 29-33

Author(s):

Daniel W. Hernandez

Keyword(s):

Construction Project ◽

Current Understanding ◽

Dam Construction ◽

Mining Operations ◽

Protective Measures ◽

Mineral Fibers ◽

Mineral Particles ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Naturally Occurring Asbestos ◽

Compare And Contrast

ABSTRACT The Calaveras Dam Replacement Project, a major construction project completed in 2019, involved hundreds of workers using heavy earth-moving equipment and mining operations, including blasting, drilling, rock crushing, and other operations designed to move millions of cubic yards of earth. Much of the material was composed of serpentinite, blueschist, and other rocks that contain chrysotile and a variety of amphibole minerals, including glaucophane, winchite, actinolite, tremolite, and other asbestos-related amphiboles. This article explores the unique characteristics of the blueschist that required extensive protective measures to be undertaken by the contractor to protect workers and surrounding sensitive receptors. This article will provide an overall summary of the dimensional characteristics of the airborne blueschist elongate mineral particles encountered during construction activities to compare and contrast current understanding of cleavage fragments versus asbestiform mineral fibers.

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Morphology and Size Distribution of Naturally Occurring Asbestos using TEM in Landscape Rock in Parks

10.21203/rs.3.rs-105928/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sook-Nye Chung ◽

Jisung Kim ◽

Gikyo Im ◽

Sunjung Won ◽

Jiyoung Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aspect Ratio ◽

Reference Sample ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Crystal Habit ◽

Silicate Mineral ◽

Geological Processes ◽

Aspect Ratios ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Naturally Occurring Asbestos

Abstract BackgroundAsbestos is a silicate mineral that is naturally generated by geological processes in the Earth's crust. The six types of commercially used asbestos each display the asbestiform crystal habit that is characterized by fibrous aggregates of extremely long, thin crystals. This study provided data that can be used to discriminate asbestiform and non-asbestiform amphiboles contained in landscaping rocks in parks. MethodIn five of the 21 parks, two or more landscaping rocks were found to contain asbestos. These five were selected for additional study. The length and width of fibers being at least 5 ㎛ long and with a minimum aspect ratio of 3:1 were measured using a Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM) and compared to a standard asbestos sample.ResultsThe park samples were thicker than 1 ㎛(average 1.9 ㎛) while the Health and Safety Executive(HSE) reference sample averaged 0.3 ㎛ in width with 100 % thinner than 1.0 ㎛. The average aspect ratios were 7.1 for the park samples and 67.1 for the HSE reference sample. The actinolite contained in the landscape rocks of the five selected parks did not show the typical asbestiform structure that was observed in the standard asbestos sample.ConclusionsBased on these distributions, the amphibole fibers in sampled landscape rocks were found to be thicker and lower aspect ratio than those of the standard sample. The result of this study can contribute to the public policy for managing and controlling of landscaping rocks containing naturally occurring asbestos(NOA) and also to communicate about the possible health risk resulting from NOA contained in landscaping rocks.

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Naturally Occurring Asbestos in France: A Technical and Regulatory Review

Environmental and Engineering Geoscience ◽

10.2113/eeg-2254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 61-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erell Léocat

Keyword(s):

Health And Safety ◽

Morphological Identification ◽

Fiber Morphology ◽

National Agency ◽

Regulatory Review ◽

Air Filter ◽

Road Base ◽

Mineral Particles ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Naturally Occurring Asbestos

ABSTRACT Naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) has been a well-known issue within rock quarries for a long time. In France, the subject has recently become more controversial, particularly since 2013. In fact, some mineral fibers with the chemical composition of regulated asbestos (i.e., actinolite) have been discovered in road-base aggregates and associated air filter samples. The main problem concerns the determination of the asbestiform versus non-asbestiform character of such mineral particles. The in-force standard based on the morphological identification of a fiber does not allow one to make this distinction. Presently, in France, the asbestos analysis of building material is based on a “yes” or “no” result. This method has limitations for analyzing NOA, as NOA may be present in lower concentrations in natural materials, especially in road-base aggregates. The health effects of the non-asbestiform particles, also called “cleavage fragments,” with fiber morphology are not well established. The French government mandated the National Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety to conduct a review on the “state of the art” concerning the cleavage fragment issue. The conclusions of the report highlight the fact that elongate mineral particles (EMPs) are up for debate and address remaining questions concerning this subject. The next fundamental step is to secure agreement on the terminology of EMPs with the aim of comparing the studies in different disciplines.

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Management of Naturally Occurring Asbestos Area in Republic of Korea

Environmental and Engineering Geoscience ◽

10.2113/eeg-2287 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 79-87

Author(s):

Sungjun Yoon ◽

Kyubong Yeom ◽

Yongun Kim ◽

Byungno Park ◽

Jaebong Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stream Water ◽

Management Plan ◽

Republic Of Korea ◽

Rail Network ◽

Asbestos Fibers ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Operational Design ◽

Naturally Occurring Asbestos ◽

The Republic ◽

Double Track

ABSTRACT The Republic of Korea Government has adopted a whole-of-government approach in the management of naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) through a nationwide asbestos management plan. Regional and detailed mapping, and examination of NOA effects are still ongoing for NOA management by indoor air, noise and asbestos management division, Ministry of Environment. Plans by the Korea Rail Network Authority are under way to rebuild the Janghang double-track railway. The proposed Jannghang double-track railway route is through an area of high NOA probability that has serpentine and ultramafic rock. Chrysotile, tremolite, and actinolite asbestos were among the rocks identified within the project site (initial planning line and the operational design line). The level of asbestos in most soils was low (≤0.25 percent), while some soils contained 0.75 percent asbestos. Monitoring and analyses of air quality revealed below 0.01 fibers per cm3 (f/cc). However, there were no traces of asbestos detected in the groundwater and stream water. Despite the low asbestos content of the soil and rock, the disturbance of NOA-containing soils and rocks during railway construction could trigger the release of asbestos fibers into the air. NOA mitigation plans and measures are necessary for workers and residents during the construction of the railway.

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A Comparison of Environmental Concerns in Two Disparate Montana and Nevada Communities

Annual Review of Nursing Research ◽

10.1891/0739-6686.38.113 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 113-130

Author(s):

Charlene A. Winters ◽

Sandra W. Kuntz

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Best Practices ◽

The United States ◽

Environmental Concerns ◽

Primary Concern ◽

Exposure Risk ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Fibrous Minerals ◽

The World ◽

Naturally Occurring Asbestos

Asbestos refers to six fibrous minerals that occur naturally in the environment in the United States and throughout the world. Deposits may be found in soil, rocks, and deposits of other minerals such as vermiculite and talc. These naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) minerals belong to the serpentine and amphibole family of minerals. This chapter reports shared components of community-driven environmental concerns related to exposure to NOA in a rural Montana and a suburban Nevada community. The specific aim is to establish an understanding of the community and community member's primary concern(s) related to NOA in both communities. The knowledge that NOA is commonly found in areas across the United States supports the need for additional research into the health effects of environmental exposure and best-practices to reduce exposure risk while allowing communities to thrive economically.

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PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PEMILU AKIBAT PENGGELEMBUNGAN SUARA DI KABUPATEN TAPIN

Hukum Bisnis dan Administrasi Negara ◽

10.25139/mih.v1i1.241 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gusti Muhammad Ihsan Perdana

Keyword(s):

Time Trial ◽

General Election ◽

The Other ◽

District Court ◽

Criminal Trials ◽

Criminal Offense ◽

Criminal Charge ◽

The Future ◽

The Republic ◽

Legislative Election

Legislative election in distric Tapin was spotted with a vote, conducted by members of the Commission, M. Zainnoor Wal Aidi Rahmad win a legislative candidate from the Golkar Party, namely Bambang Herry Purnama the 2014-2019. Elections Honorary Council for General Election Organizer of the Republic of Indonesia as No. 15 / DKPP-PKE-III / 2014 has imposed sanctions on Zainnoor Wal Aidi M. Rahmad form of dismissal remain as a member of the Tapin district Elections Commission since the verdict was read. Rantau’s District Court in its decision No. 135 / Pid-Sus /2014/PN.Rta, Bringing the sanctions in the form of imprisonment for 10 months with the criminal provisions do not need to be run in the future unless is another command in the verdict that convicted before time trial during the 12 (twelve months) ends have been guilty of a criminal offense and a fine of Rp. 10,000,000.00 (ten million). Dismissal sanctions remain to perpetrators as member of the district KPU Tapin have sense of fairness, but the connection with the criminal charge of criminal trials less reflectjustice for his actions that allow offenders not sentenced to imprisonment and the other party can not do the same.Keywords: Elections Tapin distric, Inflation Voice, Sanctions

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The Meanings of Life and Value Priorities of the Post-Soviet Society in the Republic of Belarus

Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences ◽

10.30727/0235-1188-2020-63-10-25-37 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (10) ◽

pp. 25-37

Author(s):

Alexander N. Danilov

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Role Model ◽

Human Life ◽

Modern Society ◽

Modern Technology ◽

Soviet Society ◽

The World ◽

Value Priorities ◽

The Future ◽

The Republic

The article discusses the meanings of life and value priorities of the post- Soviet society. The author argues that, at present, there are symptoms of a global ideological crisis in the world, that the West does not have its own vision of where and how to move on and has no understanding of the future. Unfortunately, most of the post-Soviet countries do not have such vision as well. In these conditions, there are mistrust, confusion, paradoxical manifestation of human consciousness. The main meanings that determine our life-world are: the desire of citizens for social justice and social security, the desire to figure out and understand the basic values of modern society, how honestly and equally the authorities act toward their fellow citizens, and to what extent they reflect their interests. The meanings of life, which are the answers to the challenges of the time, are embodied in the cultural code of each nation, state. The growth points of new values, which will become the basis for the future sustainable development of a new civilization, have yet to be discovered in the systemic transformative changes of the culture. In this process, the emergence of a new system of values that governs human life is inevitable. However, modern technology brings new troubles to humans. It has provided wide opportunities for informational violence and public consciousness manipulation. Nowadays, the scenario that is implemented in Western consumer societies claims to be the dominant scenario. Meanwhile, today there is no country in the world that is a role model, there is no ideal that others would like to borrow. Most post-Soviet states failed to advance their societies to more decent levels of economic development, to meet the challenges of the modern information age, and to provide the population with new high living standards. Therefore, in conditions of growing confrontation, we should realistically understand the world and be ready to implement changes that will ensure sustainable development of the state and society without losing our national identity.

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Studies on the Occurrence of Viruses in Planting Material of Grapevines in Southwestern Germany

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13020248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 248

Author(s):

Noemi Messmer ◽

Patricia Bohnert ◽

Stefan Schumacher ◽

René Fuchs

Keyword(s):

Preventive Measures ◽

Control Measures ◽

Grapevine Fanleaf Virus ◽

Arabis Mosaic Virus ◽

Planting Material ◽

General Decline ◽

Grapevine Pinot Gris Virus ◽

Propagation Material

Viral diseases in viticulture lead to annual losses in the quantity and quality of grape production. Since no direct control measures are available in practice, preventive measures are taken to keep the vines healthy. These include, for example, the testing of propagation material for viruses such as Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) or Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1) and 3 (GLRaV-3). As long-term investigations have shown, GLRaV-1 (2.1%) occurs most frequently in southwestern German wine-growing regions, whereas GLRaV-3 (<0.1%) is almost never found. However, tests conducted over 12 years indicate that there is no general decline in virus-infected planting material. Thus, it can be assumed that a spread of the viruses via corresponding vectors still takes place unhindered. Beyond the examinations regulated within the German Wine Growing Ordinance, one-time tests were carried out on Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV). This analysis showed that GPGV was found in 17.2% of the samples.

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Diploma Awards: Summer 1989

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/030802268905200912 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 52 (9) ◽

pp. 361-363

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Occupational Therapy ◽

Occupational Therapists ◽

Republic Of Ireland ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

The Future ◽

The Republic

Congratulations to the following who, having fulfilled all the requirements, have been awarded their Diplomas by the College of Occupational Therapists. The journal wishes them every success in the future and hopes their careers will be both interesting and rewarding. This list contains the names of successful candidates from occupational therapy schools in all parts of the United Kingdom and in the Republic of Ireland. The school's location is shown in brackets after each name.

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