scholarly journals Growing up with a Chronically Ill Family Member—The Impact on and Support Needs of Young Adult Carers: A Scoping Review

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 855
Author(s):  
Hinke M. van der Werf ◽  
Marie Louise A. Luttik ◽  
Alice de Boer ◽  
Petrie F. Roodbol ◽  
Wolter Paans
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
The Impact

This scoping review provides an overview of the impact of growing up with a chronically ill family member on young adults (18–25 years old), and their specific needs. Young adults represent an important life stage involving a transition to adulthood, during which individuals’ family situations can affect their future. We searched relevant studies following the guideline of Arskey and O’Mailley’s methodological framework and the PRISMA statement guidelines for scoping reviews in PubMed, PsychInfo and reference lists to identify articles for inclusion. Studies from 2005 to 2020 were included in this review. Of the 12 studies, six qualitative studies, five quantitative studies and one mixed method study were included. Eight studies discussed the impact, including consequences at a physical and mental level, at their personal development and future perspectives, but also positive effects, such as being capable of organizing their lives. Four studies discussed the needs of young adult carers, including emotional needs, support needs with regard to stimulating autonomy (arising from internal conflicts) and developing their own identity, and the concerned attitude of involved professionals. An unambiguous definition of the target group and further well-designed research are needed to improve clarity about the role of support, so that future professionals can adequately address the needs and wishes of young adults who grow up with an ill family member.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Use in COVID-19 Patients in the First Phase of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Scoping Review

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Cong ◽  
Ak Narayan Poudel ◽  
Nour Alhusein ◽  
Hexing Wang ◽  
Guiqing Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
The Impact

This scoping review provides new evidence on the prevalence and patterns of global antimicrobial use in the treatment of COVID-19 patients; identifies the most commonly used antibiotics and clinical scenarios associated with antibiotic prescribing in the first phase of the pandemic; and explores the impact of documented antibiotic prescribing on treatment outcomes in COVID-19 patients. The review complies with PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews and the protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework. In the first six months of the pandemic, there was a similar mean antibiotic prescribing rate between patients with severe or critical illness (75.4%) and patients with mild or moderate illness (75.1%). The proportion of patients prescribed antibiotics without clinical justification was 51.5% vs. 41.9% for patients with mild or moderate illness and those with severe or critical illness. Comparison of patients who were provided antibiotics with a clinical justification with those who were given antibiotics without clinical justification showed lower mortality rates (9.5% vs. 13.1%), higher discharge rates (80.9% vs. 69.3%), and shorter length of hospital stay (9.3 days vs. 12.2 days). In the first 6 months of the pandemic, antibiotics were prescribed for COVID-19 patients regardless of severity of illness. A large proportion of antibiotic prescribing for mild and moderate COVID-19 patients did not have clinical evidence of a bacterial co-infection. Antibiotics may not be beneficial to COVID-19 patients without clinical evidence of a bacterial co-infection.

scholarly journals The Rationale for the Intra-Articular Administration of Clodronate in Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2693
Author(s):  
Antimo Moretti ◽  
Marco Paoletta ◽  
Sara Liguori ◽  
Walter Ilardi ◽  
Francesco Snichelotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Clodronic Acid ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Background: Several pharmacological therapeutic approaches have been proposed to manage osteoarthritis (OA), including intra-articular (IA) injections. Although the discovery of clodronate, a bisphosphonate, dates back to the 1960s and the effects of its IA administration have been investigated for decades in animal models, mechanisms of action of this drug are not quite clear, particularly in OA. This scoping review is an overview of the biological as well as the clinical role of clodronic acid in OA. Method: A scoping review based on the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) model was performed to characterize the mechanisms of action of IA clodronate in OA and to evaluate its efficacy from a clinical point of view. Results: Several effects of clodronate have been observed in animal models of OA, including depletion of synovial lining cells that results in reduced production of chemokines (IL-1, TNF- α), growth factors (TGF-β, BMP 2/4), and metalloproteases (MMP 2/3/9); prevention of cartilage damage, synovial hyperplasia, and proteoglycans loss; reduction in joint inflammation, joint swelling, and osteophyte formation. From a clinical perspective, patients with knee OA treated with IA clodronate experienced improvements in pain and joint mobility. Conclusion: Clodronate appears to have different mechanisms of action interfering with the pathogenic processes contributing to OA development and progression. This intervention demonstrated positive effects for patients affected by knee OA.

scholarly journals The Impact of Rock Music on Indian Young Adults: A Qualitative Study on Emotions and Moods

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5361-5374
Author(s):  
Manaswini Tripathy ◽  
Mithunchandra Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Rock Music ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Country Rock ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Music has proven to play a vital role in social and emotional development in teenagers and young adults. From contemplation, developing self-identity, understanding interpersonal relationships, and providing possibilities of experience mastery, agency, and self-control with the help of self-directed activities, music helps its audience develop in all aspects of life. In specific, Rock music, since its existence has been more than entertainment, artists expressed themselves and shared their opinions through their musical pieces. Infamous for promoting drugs and alcohol, Rock Music used its platform to enlighten the audience about taboo topics like racism, inequality, and other social issues. This research paper uses a qualitative methodology approach to understand Rock Music listeners’ points of view. Data was collected through ‘in-depth interviews’ of 15 participants hailing from different parts of the country. Rock Music has several positive effects on the listeners. Rock can elevate moods, induce emotions, helps the listeners be more productive and creative with their everyday work, and constantly motivate them to do better in every aspect of life. Rock provides a platform to express feelings and vent out all the angst, especially for those who otherwise do not voice their opinions because of their nature in general. Rock Music has been able to shape personalities, characteristics, and thought processes. Moreover, majorly, Rock Music helps people with anger management.

scholarly journals IN VIA VERITAS. IRINA BOGATYREVA

2018 ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
M. Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Adult Readers ◽  
Keen Interest ◽  
Russian Author ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychological Studies

In this review of the novels and stories by the contemporary Russian author I. Bogatyreva, winner of numerous literary awards, including The Student Booker 2016, the critic highlights the principal motifs of her plots, including the motif of travel, pilgrimage, and the search of a certain human common ground: be it age, philosophy, or nationality. The paper also examines the chronotope and the writer’s use of mythological allusions, which permeate both her historical and modern day-based novels, only to conclude that ‘emerging adulthood’, a term from the psychological studies of young adults, is the most apt way to describe Bogatyreva’s prose. That the writer maintains keen interest in the subject is not only because of her role as ‘a real master of innovation in young Russian prose’ (quoted from the blurb on the cover of her prize-winning novel Kadyn), but due to its relevance for contemporary young adult readers, themselves in search of their models growing up and their future destiny.

New and Strange Sorts of Texts

2016 ◽  
pp. 437-466
Author(s):  
Melanie Kittrell Hundley ◽  
Teri Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adult Literature ◽  
Literacy Practices ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Good Exemplar ◽  
Cultural Climate ◽  
The Impact

Dennis Baron (1999) writes about the impact of digital technology on literacy practices and thus is a good exemplar for considering how communication technologies are changing the ways in which stories are told. In this chapter, we argue that young adult literature authors and readers are currently in what Baron terms an inventive stage as they devise new ways of producing storied texts. Young adult authors, aware of their readers as avid, exploring, and savvy tech users, experiment with text formats to appeal to readers growing up in a digital “participatory culture” (Jenkins, Purushotma, Weigel, Clinton & Robins, 2009). In a cultural climate where the very notion of what constitutes a book is changing, our chapter responds to Baron's (2009) claim that readers and writers are in the process of “[learning] to trust a new technology and the new and strange sorts of texts that it produces” (p. x).

New and Strange Sorts of Texts

2018 ◽  
pp. 1460-1491
Author(s):  
Melanie Kittrell Hundley ◽  
Teri Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adult Literature ◽  
Literacy Practices ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Good Exemplar ◽  
Cultural Climate ◽  
The Impact

Dennis Baron (1999) writes about the impact of digital technology on literacy practices and thus is a good exemplar for considering how communication technologies are changing the ways in which stories are told. In this chapter, we argue that young adult literature authors and readers are currently in what Baron terms an inventive stage as they devise new ways of producing storied texts. Young adult authors, aware of their readers as avid, exploring, and savvy tech users, experiment with text formats to appeal to readers growing up in a digital “participatory culture” (Jenkins, Purushotma, Weigel, Clinton & Robins, 2009). In a cultural climate where the very notion of what constitutes a book is changing, our chapter responds to Baron's (2009) claim that readers and writers are in the process of “[learning] to trust a new technology and the new and strange sorts of texts that it produces” (p. x).

scholarly journals Making change last? Exploring the value of sustainability approaches in healthcare: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lennox ◽  
A. Linwood-Amor ◽  
L. Maher ◽  
J. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Community Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Appraisal Tool

Abstract Background Numerous models, tools and frameworks have been produced to improve the sustainability of evidence-based interventions. Due to the vast number available, choosing the most appropriate one is increasingly difficult for researchers and practitioners. To understand the value of such approaches, evidence warranting their use is needed. However, there is limited understanding of how sustainability approaches have been used and how they have impacted research or practice. This review aims to consolidate evidence on the application and impact of sustainability approaches in healthcare settings. Methods A systematic scoping review was designed to search for peer-reviewed publications detailing the use of sustainability approaches in practice. A 5-stage framework for scoping reviews directed the search strategy, and quality assessment was performed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. Searches were performed through electronic citation tracking and snowballing of references. Articles were obtained through Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar. Six outcome variables for sustainability were explored to ascertain impact of approaches. Results This review includes 68 articles demonstrating the application of sustainability approaches in practice. Results show an increase in the use of sustainability approaches in peer-reviewed studies. Approaches have been applied across a range of healthcare settings, including primary, secondary, tertiary and community healthcare. Approaches are used for five main purposes, namely analysis, evaluation, guidance, assessment and planning. Results outline benefits (e.g. improved conceptualisation of sustainability constructs and improved ability to interpret sustainability data) and challenges (e.g. issues with approach constructs and difficulty in application) associated with using a sustainability approach in practice. Few articles (14/68) reported the sustainability outcome variables explored; therefore, the impact of approaches on sustainability remains unclear. Additional sustainability outcome variables reported in retrieved articles are discussed. Conclusions This review provides practitioners and researchers with a consolidated evidence base on sustainability approaches. Findings highlight the remaining gaps in the literature and emphasise the need for improved rigour and reporting of sustainability approaches in research studies. To guide future assessment and study of sustainability in healthcare settings an updated list of sustainability outcome variables is proposed. Trial Registration This review was registered on the PROSPERO database CRD 42016040081 in June 2016.

scholarly journals Economics of abortion: a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernestina Coast ◽  
Samantha R Lattof ◽  
Yana van der Meulen Rodgers ◽  
Brittany Moore
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Safe Abortion ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Abortion Care ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analytical Approaches

IntroductionAbortion is a common feature of people’s reproductive lives. However, the economic implications of abortion and policies affecting abortion provision are poorly understood. This scoping review aims to systematically review social science literature for studies that have investigated the impact of abortion care (ie, un/safe abortion, post-abortion care) or abortion policies on economic outcomes at the micro-levels (ie, abortion seekers and their households), meso-levels (ie, communities and health systems) and macro-levels (ie, societies and nation states). Informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline for protocols, this protocol details the scoping review’s methodological and analytical approaches.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will utilise the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) tool. Studies reporting on qualitative and/or quantitative data from any world region will be considered. For inclusion, studies must examine one of the following economic outcomes at the micro-levels, meso-levels and/or macro-levels: costs, benefits, impacts and/or value of abortion care or abortion policies. Searches will be conducted in eight electronic databases. We will conduct the searches and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria according to the PRISMA-ScR flow approach. No assessments of items’ quality will be made, as the purpose of this scoping review is to synthesise and describe the coverage of the evidence. After extracting all data, we will inductively develop an economic framework around the economics of abortion. The analysis will synthesise the evidence base and identify knowledge gaps on the costs and benefits of abortion to stakeholders at various levels.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected in this study. The findings of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and condensed summaries for key stakeholders and partners in the field.

scholarly journals Expectations and Prospects of Young Adult Caregivers Regarding the Support of Professionals: A Qualitative Focus Group Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4299
Author(s):  
Hinke M. van der Werf ◽  
Wolter Paans ◽  
Geertjan Emmens ◽  
Anneke L. Francke ◽  
Petrie F. Roodbol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
Adult Caregivers

There is a lack of service provision for young adult caregivers (18–25 years of age). This study aims to describe the expectations and prospects of young adult caregivers regarding support from health and education professionals. A qualitative focus group design was used. Twenty-five young Dutch adults (aged 18–25 years) who were growing up with a chronically ill family member participated in one of seven focus groups. Qualitative inductive analysis was used to identify codes and main themes. Two overarching themes with five sub-themes emerged from the focus group discussions. The overarching themes are: the ‘process of approaching young adults’ and the ‘types of support these young adults require’. The process of approaching young adults contains the sub-themes: ‘recognition, attention, and listening’, ‘open-minded attitude’, ‘reliability’, and ‘respecting autonomy’. The types of support this group requires contains the sub-themes: ‘information and emotional support’. Health and education professionals should first and foremost be aware and listen to young adult caregivers, pay attention to them, have an open-minded attitude, respect their autonomy, and have the knowledge to provide them with information and emotional support. Further research could yield comprehensive insights into how professionals can meet these requirements and whether these results apply to male young adult caregivers and young adult caregivers not enrolled in a healthcare-related study program.

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