scholarly journals Multistage Impacts of the Heavy Rain Process on the Travel Speeds of Urban Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Qiuping Li ◽  
Haowen Luo ◽  
Xuechen Luan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Speed Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Personal Travel

Heavy rain causes the highest drop in travel speeds compared with light and moderate rain because it can easily induce flooding on road surfaces, which can continue to hinder urban transportation even after the rainfall is over. However, very few studies have specialized in researching the multistage impacts of the heavy rain process on urban roads, and the cumulative effects of heavy rain in road networks are often overlooked. In this study, the heavy rain process is divided into three consecutive stages, i.e., prepeak, peak, and postpeak. The impact of heavy rain on a road is represented by a three-dimensional traffic speed change ratio vector. Then, the k-means clustering method is implemented to reveal the distinct patterns of speed change ratio vectors. Finally, the characteristics of the links in each cluster are analyzed. An empirical study of Shenzhen, China suggests that there are three major impact patterns in links. The differences among links associated with the three impact patterns are related to the road category, travel speeds in no rain days, and the number of transportation facilities. The findings in this research can contribute to a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between the heavy rain process and the travel speeds of urban roads and provide valuable information for traffic management and personal travel in heavy rain weather.

scholarly journals Laboratory experiment on the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of road surface oil pollution

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 922-933
Author(s):  
Qing’e Wang ◽  
Kai Zheng ◽  
Huanan Yu ◽  
Luwei Zhao ◽  
Xuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Degradation Effect

AbstractOil leak from vehicles is one of the most common pollution types of the road. The spilled oil could be retained on the surface and spread in the air voids of the road, which results in a decrease in the friction coefficient of the road, affects driving safety, and causes damage to pavement materials over time. Photocatalytic degradation through nano-TiO2 is a safe, long-lasting, and sustainable technology among the many methods for treating oil contamination on road surfaces. In this study, the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of road surface oil pollution was evaluated through the lab experiment. First, a glass dish was used as a substrate to determine the basic working condition of the test; then, a test method considering the impact of different oil erosion degrees was proposed to eliminate the effect of oil erosion on asphalt pavement and leakage on cement pavement, which led to the development of a lab test method for the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of oil pollution on different road surfaces.

scholarly journals Extracting Road Traffic Volume in the City before and during covid-19 through Video Remote Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Continuous, automatic measurements of road traffic volume allow the obtaining of information on daily, weekly or seasonal fluctuations in road traffic volume. They are the basis for calculating the annual average daily traffic volume, obtaining information about the relevant traffic volume, or calculating indicators for converting traffic volume from short-term measurements to average daily traffic volume. The covid-19 pandemic has contributed to extensive social and economic anomalies worldwide. In addition to the health consequences, the impact on travel behavior on the transport network was also sudden, extensive, and unpredictable. Changes in the transport behavior resulted in different values of traffic volume on the road and street network than before. The article presents road traffic volume analysis in the city before and during the restrictions related to covid-19. Selected traffic characteristics were compared for 2019 and 2020. This analysis made it possible to characterize the daily, weekly and annual variability of traffic volume in 2019 and 2020. Moreover, the article attempts to estimate daily traffic patterns at particular stages of the pandemic. These types of patterns were also constructed for the weeks in 2019 corresponding to these stages of the pandemic. Daily traffic volume distributions in 2020 were compared with the corresponding ones in 2019. The obtained results may be useful in terms of planning operational and strategic activities in the field of traffic management in the city and management in subsequent stages of a pandemic or subsequent pandemics.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional approach to understanding the relationship between the Plio-Quaternary stress field and tectonic inversion in the Triassic Cuyo Basin, Argentina

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 459-494
Author(s):  
L. Giambiagi ◽  
S. Spagnotto ◽  
S. M. Moreiras ◽  
G. Gómez ◽  
E. Stahlschmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Basin Inversion ◽  
Structural Style ◽  
Tectonic Inversion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The Cacheuta sub-basin of the Triassic Cuyo Basin is an example of rift basin inversion contemporaneous to the advance of the Andean thrust front, during the Plio-Quaternary. This basin is one of the most important sedimentary basins in a much larger Triassic NNW-trending depositional system along the southwestern margin of the Pangea supercontinent. The amount and structural style of inversion is provided in this paper by three-dimensional insights into the relationship between inversion of rift-related structures and spatial variations in late Cenozoic stress fields. The Plio-Quaternary stress field exhibits important N–S variations in the foreland area of the Southern Central Andes, between 33 and 34° S, with a southward gradually change from pure compression with σ1 and σ2 being horizontal, to a strike-slip type stress field with σ2 being vertical. We present a 3-D approach for studying the tectonic inversion of the sub-basin master fault associated with strike-slip/reverse to strike-slip faulting stress regimes. We suggest that the inversion of Triassic extensional structures, striking NNW to WNW, occurred during the Plio–Pleistocene in those areas with strike-slip/reverse to strike-slip faulting stress regime, while in the reverse faulting stress regime domain, they remain fossilized. Our example demonstrates the impact of the stress regime on the reactivation pattern along the faults.

scholarly journals P075 Travel or cheers? Examining the drivers and mechanisms of home court advantage in the 2020/2021 NBA regular season

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A45-A45
Author(s):  
J Leota ◽  
D Hoffman ◽  
L Mascaro ◽  
M Czeisler ◽  
K Nash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
National Basketball Association ◽  
Home Team ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Home court advantage (HCA) in the National Basketball Association (NBA) is well-documented, yet the co-occurring drivers responsible for this advantage have proven difficult to examine in isolation. The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in the elimination of crowds in ~50% of games during the 2020/2021 NBA season, whereas travel remained unchanged. Using this ‘natural experiment’, we investigated the impact of crowds and travel-related sleep and circadian disruption on NBA HCA. Methods 1080 games from the 2020/2021 NBA regular season were analyzed using mixed models (fixed effects: crowds, travel; random effects: team, opponent). Results In games with crowds, home teams won 58.65% of the time and outrebounded (M=2.28) and outscored (M=2.18) their opponents. In games without crowds, home teams won significantly less (50.60%, p = .01) and were outrebounded (M=-0.41, p < .001) and outscored (M=-0.13, p < .05) by their opponents. Further, the increase in home rebound margin fully mediated the relationship between crowds and home points margin (p < .001). No significant sleep or circadian effects were observed. Discussion Taken together, these results suggest that HCA in the 2020/2021 NBA season was predominately driven by the presence of crowds and their influence on the effort exerted by the home team to rebound the ball. Moreover, we speculate that the strict NBA COVID-19 policies may have mitigated the travel-related sleep and circadian effects on the road team. These findings are of considerable significance to a domain wherein marginal gains can have immense competitive, financial, and even historical consequences.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN SETING KORIDOR ANJASMORO RAYA DENGAN AKTIVITAS PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Stefanus Peter Ibrahim ◽  
Suzanna Ratih Sari
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
The Road ◽  
Informal Activity ◽  
International Airport ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Abstract: The presence of Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang International Airport, caused many tourists to come to Semarang, and the impact of one of them was on Anjasmoro Raya corridor whose activities were growing.  This phenomenon can be found with the presence of shops as formal sector activities and the development of pedagang kaki lima activities as a sector informal.  This informal activity uses the shoulder space of the road which should fuction to support the transportation activities in the corridor, but is used as a place of sale by pedagang kaki lima, so there is a strength of property that supports the activities of pedagang kaki lima.  This study aims to find the relationship between the setting of the Anjasmoro Raya corridor and pedagang kaki lima activity through the strength of property in the Anjasmoro Raya corridor.  The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques in the form of place centered mapping.  The result showed that there was a relationship between the setting of the Anjasmoro Raya corridor and the activities of street vendors.Keyword: Settings, Pedagang Kaki Lima Activities, Anjasmoro Raya CorridorAbstrak: Kehadiran Bandar Udara International Jenderal Ahmad Yani Semarang membuat banyaknya wisatawan yang datang ke kota semarang, dan dampak salah satunya pada koridor Anjasmoro Raya yang semakin berkembang aktivitasnya, dimana gejala ini dapat dijumpai dengan hadirnya pertokoan sebagai aktivitas sector formal dan berkembangnya aktivitas pedagang kaki lima sebagai sektor informal.  Aktivitas informal ini menggunakan ruang bahu jalan yang seharusnya berfungsi untuk mendukung aktivitas transportasi yang ada di koridor, namun dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat jualan oleh pedagang kaki lima, sehingga terdapat kekuatan property yang mendukung aktifitas pedagang kaki lima.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan seting koridor Anjasmoro Raya dnegan pola aktivitas pedagang kaki lima, melalui kekuatan properti yang ada di koridor Anjasmoro Raya.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik analisa data berupa place centered mapping.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan seting koridor Anjasmoro Raya dengan aktivitas pedagang kaki lima.Kata Kunci: Seting, Aktivitas Pedagang Kaki Lima, Koridor Anjasmoro Raya

Traffic dynamics around weaving section influenced by accident: Cellular automata approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Peng Kong ◽  
Xin-Gang Li ◽  
William H. K. Lam
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Traffic Dynamics ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Accident Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The weaving section, as a typical bottleneck, is one source of vehicle conflicts and an accident-prone area. Traffic accident will block lanes and the road capacity will be reduced. Several models have been established to study the dynamics around traffic bottlenecks. However, little attention has been paid to study the complex traffic dynamics influenced by the combined effects of bottleneck and accident. This paper presents a cellular automaton model to characterize accident-induced traffic behavior around the weaving section. Some effective control measures are proposed and verified for traffic management under accident condition. The total flux as a function of inflow rates, the phase diagrams, the spatial-temporal diagrams, and the density and velocity profiles are presented to analyze the impact of accident. It was shown that the proposed control measures for weaving traffic can improve the capacity of weaving section under both normal and accident conditions; the accidents occurring on median lane in the weaving section are more inclined to cause traffic jam and reduce road capacity; the capacity of weaving section will be greatly reduced when the accident happens downstream the weaving section.

scholarly journals Homelessness, Empowerment and Self-reliance in Scotland and Ireland: The Impact of Legal Rights to Housing for Homeless People

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
BETH WATTS
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Partnership Model ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of legal rights to housing for homeless people, focusing on the capacity of such rights to ‘empower’ those experiencing homelessness. Lukes’ (2005) three-dimensional view of power, complemented by Bourdieu's (1972) concept of ‘habitus’, is used to distinguish between conceptualisations of empowerment. A distinction is drawn between ‘traditional’ understandings of empowerment, which focus on people's capacity to realise their ‘subjective interests’, and on understandings that foreground ‘real interests’. These latter ‘radical’ perspectives direct attention to people's ‘habitus’ – their internalised dispositions to perceive situations and act in particular ways. Empirically, the paper draws on a qualitative comparison of approaches to homelessness in Scotland and Ireland. Whereas in Scotland virtually all those who are homeless now have a legal right to settled accommodation, Ireland has rejected such a ‘legalistic’ approach, pursuing a consensus driven ‘social partnership’ model. Based on primary research with national experts, service providers and homeless single men in both countries, it is argued that legal rights can effectively empower homeless people. These findings call into question popular and political understandings of the relationship between legal welfare rights and self-reliance.

Insights into the relationship between the haem-binding pocket and the redox potential ofc6cytochromes: four atomic resolution structures ofc6andc6-like proteins fromSynechococcussp. PCC 7002

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2823-2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Bialek ◽  
Szymon Krzywda ◽  
Pawel Zatwarnicki ◽  
Mariusz Jaskolski ◽  
Piotr Kolesinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Surface Charge Distribution ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The structure of cytochromec6Cfrom the mesophilic cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. PCC 7002 has been determined at 1.03 Å resolution. This is the first structural report on the recently discovered cyanobacterial cytochromec6-like proteins found in marine and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Despite high similarity in the overall three-dimensional fold between cytochromesc6andc6C, the latter shows saliently different electrostatic properties in terms of surface charge distribution and dipole moments. Its midpoint redox potential is less than half of the value for typicalc6cytochromes and results mainly from the substitution of one residue in the haem pocket. Here, high-resolution crystal structures of mutants of both cytochromesc6andc6Care presented, and the impact of the mutation of specific residues in the haem-binding pocket on the redox potential is discussed. These findings contribute to the elucidation of the structure–function relationship ofc6-like cytochromes.

scholarly journals ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ТЕОРІЇ МАСОВОГО ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ ДЛЯ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ДОРОЖНІМ РУХОМ НА МАГІСТРАЛЬНІЙ ВУЛИЧНО-ДОРОЖНІЙ МЕРЕЖІ МІСТ

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Нагребельна Л. П. ◽  
Поліщук В. П.
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Queuing Theory ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The Impact

The object of the study is the improvement of traffic management on the main street and road network of the city. Actually, there are many techniques that allow simulating the traffic flows with sufficient accuracy. One of such models is a mathematical model, which allows calculating the main characteristics of a traffic flow on the basis of a few initial data and is considered as a queuing system.Modeling allows pre-determining the impact of traffic management measures on the existing street and road network without creating interference for drivers, making changes to the design of road, increasing the traffic volume, as well as involving the possible overloaded areas.An analysis of the researches of scientists who have considered similar methods in their works had been performed. The fundamental flaw of the mentioned works is that in none of them the study of the model of a real road section was performed for verifying of the model adequacy. Modeling allows understanding more accurately the behavior of an object with less approximations than mathematical models, and provides less researching and forecasting of the system behavior with significant changes in the initial concepts. It is indicated that for the first approximation it is expedient to use mathematical models, and for clarifying the characteristics – to use non- mathematical methods, in particular, simulation.It is proved that simulation is a powerful tool for studying the behavior of real systems. It is mainly used to study situations and systems that can be described as queuing systems.Using the queuing theory, it becomes possible to perform certain calculations and determine indicators of effectiveness of the queuing system.Obtained result of the indicators will help to determine the street and road network areas where a traffic jam may form for any reason, where the road will be overloaded. This makes it possible to develop a high-quality algorithm for quick elimination of traffic jam.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DAMPAK LALU LINTAS REVITALISASI PASAR SUMBERGEMPOL KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Ari Styawan ◽  
Yosef Cahyo SP ◽  
Ahmad Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Traffic Impact ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Speed Change ◽  
Land Use Development ◽  
The Impact

Traffic Impact Analysis (Andalalin) is an analysis of the influence of land use development on the system movement of surrounding traffic flows. It studies the method described in the 1997 MKJI concludes: 1. The revitalization of Sumbergempol People's Market is expected to attract trips of 88.9 SMP / hour and generate trips of 60.6 SMP / hour. 2. The results of the study area. The condition of the road section prior to revitalization has a V / C ratio of 0.53 with a Service Level in C. b. Predictions in 2019 have a V / C ratio of 0.57. c. Prediction in 2024 has a V / C ratio of 0.61, the performance still in category C. 3 The impact of the service level of the road section based on PM  96th. 2015 is: - The flow is stable, but vehicle movement is controlled by higher traffic volumes with speeds of at least 60 km/hour. - Medium traffic density due to internal obstacles to increased traffic. - Drivers have limitations for speed, change lanes, and overtake. 4. The market developer must provide a motorcycle parking area with a minimum area of 144.3 m2 and 1203.13 m2 for cars.Analisis Dampak Lalu Lintas (Andalalin) adalah analisis pengaruh perkembangan tata guna lahan terhadap sistem pergerakan arus lalu lintas disekitar, Dalam penelitian Andalalin ini metode yang dijelaskan dalam MKJI 1997 yangkesimpulannya: 1. Revitalisasi Pasar Rakyat Sumbergempol diperkirakan akan menarik perjalanan sebesar 88,9 smp/jam dan membangkitkan perjalanan sebesar 60,6 smp/jam. 2. Hasil penelitian adalah: a. Kondisi ruas jalan sebelum dilakukan Revitalisasi mempunyai V/C Ratio 0,53 yang Level Tingkat Pelayanan nya dalam kategori C. b. Prediksi pada tahun 2019 mempunyai V/C Ratio 0,57. c. Prediksi pada tahun 2024 mempunyai V/C Ratio 0,61, kinerja ruas jalan raya mengalami penurunan tapi Level Tingkat pelayanan masih dalam kategori C. 3 Dampak dari tingkat pelayanan ruas jalan berdasarkan PM No. 96 th. 2015 adalah: - Arus stabil, tetapi pergerakan kendaraan di kendalikan oleh volume lalu lintas yang lebih tinggi dengan kecepatan sekurang-kurangnya 60 km/jam. – Kepadatan lalu lintas sedang karena hambatan internal lalu lintas meningkat. – Pengemudi memiliki keterbatasan untuk kecepatan, pindah jalur dan mendahului. 4. Pihak pengembang pasar harus menyediakan tempat parkir motor minimal luasan harus144,3 m2 dan untuk mobil minimal luasan harus 1203,13 m2.

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