scholarly journals Three-dimensional approach to understanding the relationship between the Plio-Quaternary stress field and tectonic inversion in the Triassic Cuyo Basin, Argentina

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 459-494
Author(s):  
L. Giambiagi ◽  
S. Spagnotto ◽  
S. M. Moreiras ◽  
G. Gómez ◽  
E. Stahlschmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Basin Inversion ◽  
Structural Style ◽  
Tectonic Inversion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The Cacheuta sub-basin of the Triassic Cuyo Basin is an example of rift basin inversion contemporaneous to the advance of the Andean thrust front, during the Plio-Quaternary. This basin is one of the most important sedimentary basins in a much larger Triassic NNW-trending depositional system along the southwestern margin of the Pangea supercontinent. The amount and structural style of inversion is provided in this paper by three-dimensional insights into the relationship between inversion of rift-related structures and spatial variations in late Cenozoic stress fields. The Plio-Quaternary stress field exhibits important N–S variations in the foreland area of the Southern Central Andes, between 33 and 34° S, with a southward gradually change from pure compression with σ1 and σ2 being horizontal, to a strike-slip type stress field with σ2 being vertical. We present a 3-D approach for studying the tectonic inversion of the sub-basin master fault associated with strike-slip/reverse to strike-slip faulting stress regimes. We suggest that the inversion of Triassic extensional structures, striking NNW to WNW, occurred during the Plio–Pleistocene in those areas with strike-slip/reverse to strike-slip faulting stress regime, while in the reverse faulting stress regime domain, they remain fossilized. Our example demonstrates the impact of the stress regime on the reactivation pattern along the faults.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional approach to understanding the relationship between the Plio–Quaternary stress field and tectonic inversion in the Triassic Cuyo Basin, Argentina

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 747-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Giambiagi ◽  
S. Spagnotto ◽  
S. M. Moreiras ◽  
G. Gómez ◽  
E. Stahlschmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Structural Style ◽  
Tectonic Inversion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The Cacheuta sub-basin of the Triassic Cuyo Basin is an example of rift basin inversion contemporaneous to the advance of the Andean thrust front, during the Plio–Quaternary. This basin is one of the most important sedimentary basins in a much larger Triassic NNW-trending depositional system along the southwestern margin of the Pangea supercontinent. The amount and structural style of inversion is provided in this paper by a three-dimensional approach to the relationship between inversion of rift-related structures and spatial variations in late Cenozoic stress fields. The Plio–Quaternary stress field exhibits important N–S variations in the foreland area of the southern Central Andes, between 33 and 34° S, with a southward gradual change from pure compression, with σ1 and σ2 being horizontal, to a strike-slip type stress field, with σ2 being vertical. We present a 3-D approach for studying the tectonic inversion of the sub-basin master fault associated with strike-slip–reverse to strike-slip faulting stress regimes. We suggest that the inversion of Triassic extensional structures, striking NNW to WNW, occurred during the Plio–Pleistocene in those areas with strike-slip–reverse to strike-slip faulting stress regime, while in the reverse faulting stress regime domain they remain fossilized. Our example demonstrates the impact of the stress regime on the reactivation pattern along the faults.

scholarly journals Multistage Impacts of the Heavy Rain Process on the Travel Speeds of Urban Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 557
Author(s):  
Qiuping Li ◽  
Haowen Luo ◽  
Xuechen Luan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Speed Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Personal Travel

Heavy rain causes the highest drop in travel speeds compared with light and moderate rain because it can easily induce flooding on road surfaces, which can continue to hinder urban transportation even after the rainfall is over. However, very few studies have specialized in researching the multistage impacts of the heavy rain process on urban roads, and the cumulative effects of heavy rain in road networks are often overlooked. In this study, the heavy rain process is divided into three consecutive stages, i.e., prepeak, peak, and postpeak. The impact of heavy rain on a road is represented by a three-dimensional traffic speed change ratio vector. Then, the k-means clustering method is implemented to reveal the distinct patterns of speed change ratio vectors. Finally, the characteristics of the links in each cluster are analyzed. An empirical study of Shenzhen, China suggests that there are three major impact patterns in links. The differences among links associated with the three impact patterns are related to the road category, travel speeds in no rain days, and the number of transportation facilities. The findings in this research can contribute to a more in-depth understanding of the relationship between the heavy rain process and the travel speeds of urban roads and provide valuable information for traffic management and personal travel in heavy rain weather.

scholarly journals Homelessness, Empowerment and Self-reliance in Scotland and Ireland: The Impact of Legal Rights to Housing for Homeless People

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 793-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
BETH WATTS
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
Partnership Model ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of legal rights to housing for homeless people, focusing on the capacity of such rights to ‘empower’ those experiencing homelessness. Lukes’ (2005) three-dimensional view of power, complemented by Bourdieu's (1972) concept of ‘habitus’, is used to distinguish between conceptualisations of empowerment. A distinction is drawn between ‘traditional’ understandings of empowerment, which focus on people's capacity to realise their ‘subjective interests’, and on understandings that foreground ‘real interests’. These latter ‘radical’ perspectives direct attention to people's ‘habitus’ – their internalised dispositions to perceive situations and act in particular ways. Empirically, the paper draws on a qualitative comparison of approaches to homelessness in Scotland and Ireland. Whereas in Scotland virtually all those who are homeless now have a legal right to settled accommodation, Ireland has rejected such a ‘legalistic’ approach, pursuing a consensus driven ‘social partnership’ model. Based on primary research with national experts, service providers and homeless single men in both countries, it is argued that legal rights can effectively empower homeless people. These findings call into question popular and political understandings of the relationship between legal welfare rights and self-reliance.

scholarly journals From ductile to brittle, late- to post-orogenic evolution of the Betic Cordillera: Structural insights from the northeastern Internal zones

2013 ◽  
Vol 184 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 405-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Augier ◽  
Laurent Jolivet ◽  
Damien Do couto ◽  
François Negro
Keyword(s):  
Shear Zone ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Betic Cordillera ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Extensional Tectonics ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Meso Scale

Abstract Relations between Alpine detachment-bounded metamorphic domes, crustal-scale strike-slip fault zones and sedimentary basins in the Internal zones of the Betic cordillera are still matter of debate. Current tectonic interpretations of these basins vary from late-orogenic extensional structures to compressional ones associated with strike-slip motions along major still active faults. Structural investigations including new field mapping, meso-scale faults recognition, palaeostress analysis of brittle small-scale faults systems were performed in the sedimentary cover of the Almanzora corridor and the Huércal-Overa basins, located either in the hanging wall unit of the Filabres extensional shear zone or at the termination of the Alhama de Murcia sinistral fault zone. In parallel, a detailed study of the ductile and the ductile-brittle deformation was carried out in the footwall unit of the Filabres extensional shear zone, in the Nevado-Fílabride complex. Three main brittle events were recognised in the basin cover including two extensional events that occurred prior to a weak tectonic inversion of the basin during a third, still active event. The first one, D1b is characterized by the development a first stress regime consistent with ~NW-SE extensional tectonics. Besides, the consistency between the latest ductile and the brittle kinematics for the Filabres extensional shear zone and the activity of meso-scale fault systems that primarily control the main SW-NE depocentres allow concluding to a top-to-the-NW continuum of strain during the final exhumation of the Nevado-Filábride complex. The resulting overall half-graben architecture of the basins is then related to the combination of the formation of the metamorphic domes that added a local control superimposed on the regional deformation. Indeed, after a consistent top-to-the-west shearing prevailing during most of the Nevado-Filábride exhumation, final exhumation stages were in turn, characterised by important kinematics changes with a subordinate top-to-the-NW sense of shear (D1b). The onset of sedimentation in the basins occurred shortly after the crossing of the ductile-brittle transition in the underlying metamorphic domes at ca. 14 Ma into SW-NE fault-bounded troughs. Tectonic subsidence was then maintained during D2b while extensional kinematics changed to N-S or even locally to SSW-NNE. Extensional tectonics then lasted most of the Tortonian during the final tectonic denudation increments of the Sierra de los Filabres achieved at ca. 9-8 Ma. Intramontane basins are therefore genuinely extensional and clearly related to the latest exhumation stages of the Nevado-Filábride complex in the back-arc domain. Conversely, at ca. 8 Ma, basins started to record a ~N-S to NNW-SSE compressional stress regime (D3b) and ceased to be active depocentres while shortening within the Internal zones then recorded only the Iberia/Africa convergence. The weak inversion of the basins however resulted either in the reactivation of originally extensional faults such as the Alhama de Murcia fault or the basin individualisation and a progressive water exchange reduction with the Atlantic ocean and is thus proposed to be directly responsible for the Late Miocene salinity crises.

Insights into the relationship between the haem-binding pocket and the redox potential ofc6cytochromes: four atomic resolution structures ofc6andc6-like proteins fromSynechococcussp. PCC 7002

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2823-2832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Bialek ◽  
Szymon Krzywda ◽  
Pawel Zatwarnicki ◽  
Mariusz Jaskolski ◽  
Piotr Kolesinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Binding Pocket ◽  
High Similarity ◽  
Surface Charge Distribution ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The structure of cytochromec6Cfrom the mesophilic cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. PCC 7002 has been determined at 1.03 Å resolution. This is the first structural report on the recently discovered cyanobacterial cytochromec6-like proteins found in marine and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Despite high similarity in the overall three-dimensional fold between cytochromesc6andc6C, the latter shows saliently different electrostatic properties in terms of surface charge distribution and dipole moments. Its midpoint redox potential is less than half of the value for typicalc6cytochromes and results mainly from the substitution of one residue in the haem pocket. Here, high-resolution crystal structures of mutants of both cytochromesc6andc6Care presented, and the impact of the mutation of specific residues in the haem-binding pocket on the redox potential is discussed. These findings contribute to the elucidation of the structure–function relationship ofc6-like cytochromes.

scholarly journals Surface Roughness Tuning at Sub-Nanometer Level by Considering the Normal Stress Field in Magnetorheological Finishing

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Li ◽  
Qikai Li ◽  
Zuoyan Ye ◽  
Yunfei Zhang ◽  
Minheng Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Normal Stress ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Magnetorheological Finishing ◽  
Optical Surfaces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although magnetorheological finishing (MRF) is being widely utilized to achieve ultra-smooth optical surfaces, the mechanisms for obtaining such extremely low roughness after the MRF process are not fully understood, especially the impact of finishing stresses. Herein we carefully investigated the relationship between the stresses and surface roughness. Normal stress shows stronger impacts on the surface roughness of fused silica (FS) when compared with the shear stress. In addition, normal stress in the polishing zone was found to be sensitive to the immersion depth of the magnetorheological (MR) fluid. Based on the above, a fine tuning of surface roughness (RMS: 0.22 nm) was obtained. This work fills gaps in understanding about the stresses that influence surface roughness during MRF.

Simulation and Experimental Study on the Impact of Breadth of Back Blade on Axial Force Balance

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 1568-1572
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Jie Gang Mu ◽  
Miao Yin Su ◽  
Shui Hua Zheng ◽  
Jin Jing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The paper studies the relationship between axial force and breadth of back blade by numerical simulation and experiment. On the basis of the RNG k-ε turbulence model and technology of compact local grids and regional computing, three dimensional numerical simulations to 100HZ165-250 centrifugal pump with various breadths were carried out. Through comparing and analyzing of the flow field, it can be seen that the axial force reduces with the increase of the back blade breadth. After that, the simulation results were verified by the experimental data got from different test devices, and it shows that the conclusions are reliable.

Varus–valgus motion and functional ability in patients with knee osteoarthritis

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
M van der Esch ◽  
M Steultjens ◽  
J Harlaar ◽  
N Wolterbeek ◽  
D Knol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Womac Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Objective:To assess the relationship between knee varus–valgus motion and functional ability, and the impact of knee varus–valgus motion on the relationship between muscle strength and functional ability in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.Methods:Sixty-three patients with knee OA were tested. Varus–valgus motion was assessed by optoelectronic recording and three-dimensional motion analysis. Functional ability was assessed by observation, using a 100 m walking test, a Get Up and Go test, and WOMAC questionnaire. Muscle strength was measured by a computer-driven isokinetic dynamometer. Regression analyses were performed to assess the relationships between varus–valgus motion and functional ability, and to assess the impact of varus–valgus motion on the relationship between muscle strength and functional ability.Results:In patients with high varus–valgus range of motion, muscle weakness was associated with a stronger reduction in functional ability (ie, longer walking time and Get Up and Go time) than in patients with low varus–valgus range of motion. A pronounced varus position and a difference between the left and right knees in varus–valgus position were related with reduced functional ability.Conclusions:In patients with knee OA with high varus–valgus range of motion, muscle weakness has a stronger impact on functional ability than in patients with low varus–valgus range of motion. Patients with knee OA with more pronounced varus knees during walking show a stronger reduction in functional ability than patients with less pronounced varus knees or with valgus knees.

scholarly journals Pemahaman Konsep Siswa pada Materi Bangun Datar Terhadap Hasil Belajar Dimensi Tiga

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Malik Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi bangun datar terhadap hasil belajar dimensi tiga kelas X MA. Hidayatul Muhsinin Labulia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan  kuantitatif jenis Ex Post Facto desain hubungan kausalitas yaitu hubungan yang bersifat sebab akibat. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian populasi yang jumlah keseluruhannya adalah 109 siswa terdiri dari kelas XA, XB dan XC.         Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh pemahaman konsep bangun datar cukup berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar dimensi tiga. Hal ini terlihat pada hasil penelitian dengan melakukan pemberian tes kepada 109 siswa. Hubungan antara pemahaman konsep bangun datar dan hasil belajar dimensi tiga sebesar 0,668 atau 66,8%, ini berarti korelasi antara pemahaman konsep bangun datar dan hasil belajar dimensi tiga adalah cukup, sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah ada. Adapun pengaruh antara pemahaman konsep bangun datar dan hasil belajar dimensi tiga  sebesar 0,447 atau 44,7%. Sedangkan persamaan regresi antara pemahaman konsep bangun datar dan hasil belajar dimensi tiga adalah Y = 8,831 + 0,934 X, ini menjelasakan bahwa keterkaitan antara pemahaman konsep bangun datar dengan hasil belajar dimensi tiga bersifat searah (positif) atau dengan kata lain bahwa, jika tingkat pemahman konsep bangun datar tinggi maka akan mengakibatkan hasil belajar dimensi tiga tinggi pula, dan demikian pula sebaliknya. Berdasarkan penjelasan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif pemahaman konsep bangun datar terhadap hasil belajar dimensi tiga.Abstract:  This research aims to find out how much impact the students' conceptual understanding of the material is flat on the learning outcomes of the three dimensions of class X MA. Hidayatul Muhsinin Labulia. This study uses a quantitative approach to the type of Ex Post Facto design causality relationship that is causal relationships. This study uses a population research whose total number is 109 students consisting of classes XA, XB and XC. The results of the study showed that the impact of understanding the flat wake concept was quite a positive effect on the learning outcomes of three dimensions. This can be seen in the results of the study by giving tests to 109 students. The relationship between understanding the concept of flat wake and three dimensional learning outcomes is 0.668 or 66.8%, this means that the correlation between understanding the concept of flat wake and three dimensional learning outcomes is sufficient, according to existing criteria. The influence between the understanding of the concept of flat wake and the third dimension of learning outcomes is 0.447 or 44.7%. While the regression equation between understanding the concept of flat wake and three dimensional learning outcomes is Y = 8.831 + 0.934 X, this explains that the relationship between understanding the concept of flat wake with learning outcomes of three dimensions is unidirectional (positive) or in other words that, if the level of understanding concept wake up high then it will result in high three dimensional learning outcomes too, and vice versa. Based on these explanations, it can be concluded that there is a positive influence on understanding the concept of flat building on the results of three dimensional learning.

Analysis of OSB Mat Structure Using CAD Technology

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1619-1623
Author(s):  
Peng Li ◽  
Yu Bo Tao ◽  
Feng Hu Wang ◽  
Sun Guo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Strand Orientation ◽  
Realistic Description ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

For further researching the structural characteristics of Orientated strand board (OSB) mat, a three-dimensional model was developed using computer-aided design (CAD) technology to simulate behaviors of individual strands in the mat-forming process. This model provided a more realistic description of the mat structure than the previous simulations in using varied strand geometry and different types of strand orientation, defining strand location, and solving the problem of edge effect. This model can be used to analyze the impact of strand orientation on the number of strand overlaps, and to identify the relationship of strand orientation and the horizontal voids distribution in the mat. Information provided by this model is the basis of further studying the effect of the mat formation on panel void characteristics, and the relationship of the voids volume to panel properties.

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