scholarly journals Hydrogen Sulfide in Plants: Crosstalk with Other Signal Molecules in Response to Abiotic Stresses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 12068
Author(s):  
Chunlei Wang ◽  
Yuzheng Deng ◽  
Zesheng Liu ◽  
Weibiao Liao
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been considered as a crucial gaseous transmitter occupying extensive roles in physiological and biochemical processes throughout the life of plant species. Furthermore, plenty of achievements have been announced regarding H2S working in combination with other signal molecules to mitigate environmental damage, such as nitric oxide (NO), abscisic acid (ABA), calcium ion (Ca2+), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ETH), jasmonic acid (JA), proline (Pro), and melatonin (MT). This review summarizes the current knowledge within the mechanism of H2S and the above signal compounds in response to abiotic stresses in plants, including maintaining cellular redox homeostasis, exchanging metal ion transport, regulating stomatal aperture, and altering gene expression and enzyme activities. The potential relationship between H2S and other signal transmitters is also proposed and discussed.

Integration of silicon and secondary metabolites in plants: a significant association in stress tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (21) ◽  
pp. 6758-6774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abass Ahanger ◽  
Javaid Akhter Bhat ◽  
Manzer H Siddiqui ◽  
Jörg Rinklebe ◽  
Parvaiz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Nitrogen Containing Compounds ◽  
Sessile Organisms ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Abstract As sessile organisms, plants are unable to avoid being subjected to environmental stresses that negatively affect their growth and productivity. Instead, they utilize various mechanisms at the morphological, physiological, and biochemical levels to alleviate the deleterious effects of such stresses. Amongst these, secondary metabolites produced by plants represent an important component of the defense system. Secondary metabolites, namely phenolics, terpenes, and nitrogen-containing compounds, have been extensively demonstrated to protect plants against multiple stresses, both biotic (herbivores and pathogenic microorganisms) and abiotic (e.g. drought, salinity, and heavy metals). The regulation of secondary metabolism by beneficial elements such as silicon (Si) is an important topic. Silicon-mediated alleviation of both biotic and abiotic stresses has been well documented in numerous plant species. Recently, many studies have demonstrated the involvement of Si in strengthening stress tolerance through the modulation of secondary metabolism. In this review, we discuss Si-mediated regulation of the synthesis, metabolism, and modification of secondary metabolites that lead to enhanced stress tolerance, with a focus on physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects. Whilst mechanisms involved in Si-mediated regulation of pathogen resistance via secondary metabolism have been established in plants, they are largely unknown in the case of abiotic stresses, thus leaving an important gap in our current knowledge.

P24 Cystathionine-γ-lyase/hydrogen sulfide system maintains cellular redox homeostasis via glutathione recycling

Nitric Oxide ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. S45
Author(s):  
Zheng-Wei Lee ◽  
Yi-Lian Low ◽  
Tianxiao Wang ◽  
Lih-Wen Deng
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Cellular Redox

scholarly journals A Clinically Relevant Variant of the Human Hydrogen Sulfide-Synthesizing Enzyme Cystathionineβ-Synthase: Increased CO Reactivity as a Novel Molecular Mechanism of Pathogenicity?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
João B. Vicente ◽  
Henrique G. Colaço ◽  
Francesca Malagrinò ◽  
Paulo E. Santo ◽  
André Gutierres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Transsulfuration Pathway ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Ferrous Heme

The human disease classical homocystinuria results from mutations in the gene encoding the pyridoxal 5′-phosphate- (PLP-) dependent cystathionineβ-synthase (CBS), a key enzyme in the transsulfuration pathway that controls homocysteine levels, and is a major source of the signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S). CBS activity, contributing to cellular redox homeostasis, is positively regulated byS-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) but fully inhibited upon CO or NO• binding to a noncatalytic heme moiety. Despite extensive studies, the molecular basis of several pathogenicCBSmutations is not yet fully understood. Here we found that the ferrous heme of the reportedly mild p.P49L CBS variant has altered spectral properties and markedly increased affinity for CO, making the protein much more prone than wild type (WT) CBS to inactivation at physiological CO levels. The higher CO affinity could result from the slightly higher flexibility in the heme surroundings revealed by solving at 2.80-Å resolution the crystallographic structure of a truncated p.P49L. Additionally, we report that p.P49L displays impaired H2S-generating activity, fully rescued by PLP supplementation along the purification, despite a minor responsiveness to AdoMet. Altogether, the results highlight how increased propensity to CO inactivation of an otherwise WT-like variant may represent a novel pathogenic mechanism in classical homocystinuria.

scholarly journals 12-oxo-Phytodienoic Acid: A Fuse and/or Switch of Plant Growth and Defense Responses?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenshan Liu ◽  
Sang-Wook Park
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Networks ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory ◽  
Regulatory Loop

12-oxo-Phytodienoic acid (OPDA) is a primary precursor of (-)-jasmonic acid (JA), able to trigger autonomous signaling pathways that regulate a unique subset of jasmonate-responsive genes, activating and fine-tuning defense responses, as well as growth processes in plants. Recently, a number of studies have illuminated the physiol-molecular activities of OPDA signaling in plants, which interconnect the regulatory loop of photosynthesis, cellular redox homeostasis, and transcriptional regulatory networks, together shedding new light on (i) the underlying modes of cellular interfaces between growth and defense responses (e.g., fitness trade-offs or balances) and (ii) vital information in genetic engineering or molecular breeding approaches to upgrade own survival capacities of plants. However, our current knowledge regarding its mode of actions is still far from complete. This review will briefly revisit recent progresses on the roles and mechanisms of OPDA and information gaps within, which help in understanding the phenotypic and environmental plasticity of plants.

Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide modulate the NADPH-generating enzymatic system in higher plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J Corpas ◽  
Salvador González-Gordo ◽  
José M Palma
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Tyrosine Nitration ◽  
Enzymatic System ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are two key molecules in plant cells that participate, directly or indirectly, as regulators of protein functions through derived post-translational modifications, mainly tyrosine nitration, S-nitrosation, and persulfidation. These post-translational modifications allow the participation of both NO and H2S signal molecules in a wide range of cellular processes either physiological or under stressful circumstances. NADPH participates in cellular redox status and it is a key cofactor necessary for cell growth and development. It is involved in significant biochemical routes such as fatty acid, carotenoid and proline biosynthesis, and the shikimate pathway, as well as in cellular detoxification processes including the ascorbate–glutathione cycle, the NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTR), or the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase. Plant cells have diverse mechanisms to generate NADPH by a group of NADP-dependent oxidoreductases including ferredoxin-NADP reductase (FNR), NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP-GAPDH), NADP-dependent malic enzyme (NADP-ME), NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH), and both enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, designated as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH). These enzymes consist of different isozymes located in diverse subcellular compartments (chloroplasts, cytosol, mitochondria, and peroxisomes) which contribute to the NAPDH cellular pool. We provide a comprehensive overview of how post-translational modifications promoted by NO (tyrosine nitration and S-nitrosation), H2S (persulfidation), and glutathione (glutathionylation), affect the cellular redox status through regulation of the NADP-dependent dehydrogenases.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Sulfide and Cellular Redox Homeostasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Zhong Xie ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Jin-Song Bian
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Intracellular redox imbalance is mainly caused by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or weakness of the natural antioxidant defense system. It is involved in the pathophysiology of a wide array of human diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is now recognized as the third “gasotransmitters” and proved to exert a wide range of physiological and cytoprotective functions in the biological systems. Among these functions, the role of H2S in oxidative stress has been one of the main focuses over years. However, the underlying mechanisms for the antioxidant effect of H2S are still poorly comprehended. This review presents an overview of the current understanding of H2S specially focusing on the new understanding and mechanisms of the antioxidant effects of H2S based on recent reports. Both inhibition of ROS generation and stimulation of antioxidants are discussed. H2S-induced S-sulfhydration of key proteins (e.g., p66Shc and Keap1) is also one of the focuses of this review.

scholarly journals Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in NRF2- and Sirtuin-Dependent Maintenance of Cellular Redox Balance

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiziana Corsello ◽  
Narayana Komaravelli ◽  
Antonella Casola
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Endogenous Production ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has arisen as a critical gasotransmitter signaling molecule modulating cellular biological events related to health and diseases in heart, brain, liver, vascular systems and immune response. Three enzymes mediate the endogenous production of H2S: cystathione β-synthase (CBS), cystathione γ-lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). CBS and CSE localizations are organ-specific. 3-MST is a mitochondrial and cytosolic enzyme. The generation of H2S is firmly regulated by these enzymes under normal physiological conditions. Recent studies have highlighted the role of H2S in cellular redox homeostasis, as it displays significant antioxidant properties. H2S exerts antioxidant effects through several mechanisms, such as quenching reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), by modulating cellular levels of glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx-1) or increasing expression of antioxidant enzymes (AOE), by activating the transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2). H2S also influences the activity of the histone deacetylase protein family of sirtuins, which plays an important role in inhibiting oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes and during the aging process by modulating AOE gene expression. This review focuses on the role of H2S in NRF2 and sirtuin signaling pathways as they are related to cellular redox homeostasis.

scholarly journals Signaling Responses to N Starvation: Focusing on Wheat and Filling the Putative Gaps With Findings Obtained in Other Plants. A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingan Kong ◽  
Yunxiu Zhang ◽  
Wanying Du ◽  
Haiyong Xia ◽  
Shoujin Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
N Starvation ◽  
N Acquisition ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Wheat is one of the most important food crops worldwide. In recent decades, fertilizers, especially nitrogen (N), have been increasingly utilized to maximize wheat productivity. However, a large proportion of N is not used by plants and is in fact lost into the environment and causes serious environmental pollution. Therefore, achieving a low N optimum via efficient physiological and biochemical processes in wheat grown under low-N conditions is highly important for agricultural sustainability. Although N stress-related N capture in wheat has become a heavily researched subject, how this plant adapts and responds to N starvation has not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the signaling mechanisms activated in wheat plants in response to N starvation. Furthermore, we filled the putative gaps on this subject with findings obtained in other plants, primarily rice, maize, and Arabidopsis. Phytohormones have been determined to play essential roles in sensing environmental N starvation and transducing this signal into an adjustment of N transporters and phenotypic adaptation. The critical roles played by protein kinases and critical kinases and phosphatases, such as MAPK and PP2C, as well as the multifaceted functions of transcription factors, such as NF-Y, MYB, DOF, and WRKY, in regulating the expression levels of their target genes (proteins) for low-N tolerance are also discussed. Optimization of root system architecture (RSA) via root branching and thinning, improvement of N acquisition and assimilation, and fine-tuned autophagy are pivotal strategies by which plants respond to N starvation. In light of these findings, we attempted to construct regulatory networks for RSA modification and N uptake, transport, assimilation, and remobilization.

scholarly journals Research Progress on the Functions of Gasotransmitters in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yandong Yao ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Changxia Li ◽  
Dengjing Huang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Near Future ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abiotic stress is one of the major threats affecting plant growth and production. The harm of abiotic stresses includes the disruption of cellular redox homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and oxidative stress in the plant. Plants have different mechanisms to fight stress, and these mechanisms are responsible for maintaining the required homeostasis in plants. Recently, the study of gasotransmitters in plants has attracted much attention, especially for abiotic stress. In the present review, abiotic stressors were mostly found to induce gasotransmitter production in plants. Meanwhile, these gasotransmitters can enhance the activity of several antioxidant enzymes, alleviate the harmfulness of ROS, and enhance plant tolerance under various stress conditions. In addition, we introduced the interaction of gasotransmitters in plants under abiotic stress. With their promising applications in agriculture, gasotransmitters will be adopted in the near future.

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