scholarly journals Protective Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Lac16 on Clostridium perfringens Infection-Associated Injury in IPEC-J2 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12388
Author(s):  
Yuanhao Zhou ◽  
Baikui Wang ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Peng Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Associated Injury

Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) causes intestinal injury through overgrowth and the secretion of multiple toxins, leading to diarrhea and necrotic enteritis in animals, including pigs, chickens, and sheep. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) Lac16 on C. perfringens infection-associated injury in intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2). The results showed that L. plantarum Lac16 significantly inhibited the growth of C. perfringens, which was accompanied by a decrease in pH levels. In addition, L. plantarum Lac16 significantly elevated the mRNA expression levels of host defense peptides (HDPs) in IPEC-J2 cells, decreased the adhesion of C. perfringens to IPEC-J2 cells, and attenuated C. perfringens-induced cellular cytotoxicity and intestinal barrier damage. Furthermore, L. plantarum Lac16 significantly suppressed C. perfringens-induced gene expressions of proinflammatory cytokines and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in IPEC-J2 cells. Moreover, L. plantarum Lac16 preincubation effectively inhibited the phosphorylation of p65 caused by C. perfringens infection. Collectively, probiotic L. plantarum Lac16 exerts protective effects against C. perfringens infection-associated injury in IPEC-J2 cells.

scholarly journals In vitro protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Lac16 on Clostridium perfringens infection-associated intestinal injury in IPEC-J2 cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhao Zhou ◽  
Baikui Wang ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Peng Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Intestinal Injury ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Abstract Background: Clostridium perfringens causes intestinal injury through overgrowth and secretion of multiple toxins, leading to diarrhea and necrotic enteritis in animals, such as pigs. Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) Lac16 has been reported to protect broilers against C. perfringens infection. This study aimed at investigating the protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Lac16 on C. perfringens infection-associated intestinal injury in intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2). Results: The results showed that L. plantarum Lac16 significantly inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of C. perfringens (P < 0.001). In the co-culture system, L. plantarum Lac16 significantly suppressed colony forming units (CFU) of C. perfringens (P < 0.05), which was accompanied by a decrease in pH levels (P < 0.01). Moreover, L. plantarum Lac16 significantly elevated the mRNA expression levels of host defense peptides (HDPs) in IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.05), decreased C. perfringens-induced cellular cytotoxicity (P < 0.01) and adhesion to cells (P < 0.05). At the same time, L. plantarum Lac16 significantly attenuated C. perfringens-induced damage to intestinal barrier integrity and the decrease in claudin-1 (P < 0.01) as well as zona occludens 1 (ZO-1) expressions. Preincubation with L. plantarum Lac16 significantly suppressed mRNA expression levels of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (Toll-like receptor (TLR) 1, TLR2, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) 1) in C. perfringens-challenged IPEC-J2 cells (P < 0.01). C. perfringens significantly elevated the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), JNK, and p65 nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) (P < 0.05) while L. plantarum Lac16 pre-incubation effectively inhibited phosphorylation of p65 (P < 0.001). Furthermore, L. plantarum Lac16 significantly suppressed C. perfringens induced gene expressions of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Collectively, probiotic L. plantarum Lac16 exerts protective effects against C. perfringens infection-associated intestinal injury in IPEC-J2 cells.

scholarly journals Butyrate, Forskolin, and Lactose Synergistically Enhance Disease Resistance by Inducing the Expression of the Genes Involved in Innate Host Defense and Barrier Function

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1175
Author(s):  
Qing Yang ◽  
Melanie A. Whitmore ◽  
Kelsy Robinson ◽  
Wentao Lyu ◽  
Guolong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Host Defense ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Intestinal Lesions ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Control And Prevention

The rising concern of antimicrobial resistance highlights a need for effective alternatives to antibiotics for livestock production. Butyrate, forskolin, and lactose are three natural products known to induce the synthesis of host defense peptides (HDP), which are a critical component of innate immunity. In this study, the synergy among butyrate, forskolin, and lactose in enhancing innate host defense, barrier function, and resistance to necrotic enteritis and coccidiosis was investigated. Our results indicated that the three compounds synergistically augmented the expressions of multiple HDP and barrier function genes in chicken HD11 macrophages. The compounds also showed an obvious synergy in promoting HDP gene expressions in chicken jejunal explants. Dietary supplementation of a combination of 1 g/kg sodium butyrate, 10 mg/kg forskolin-containing plant extract, and 10 g/kg lactose dramatically improved the survival of chickens from 39% to 94% (p < 0.001) in a co-infection model of necrotic enteritis. Furthermore, the three compounds largely reversed growth suppression, significantly alleviated intestinal lesions, and reduced colonization of Clostridium perfringens or Eimeria maxima in chickens with necrotic enteritis and coccidiosis (p < 0.01). Collectively, dietary supplementation of butyrate, forskolin, and lactose is a promising antibiotic alternative approach to disease control and prevention for poultry and possibly other livestock species.

scholarly journals Deoxynivalenol Impairs Porcine Intestinal Host Defense Peptide Expression in Weaned Piglets and IPEC-J2 Cells

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Jiacheng Yang ◽  
Beiyu Zhang ◽  
Kuntan Wu ◽  
Ao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Defense ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Caspase 12 ◽  
Peptide Expression ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Host defense peptides (HDPs) are efficient defense components of the innate immune system, playing critical roles in intestinal homeostasis and protection against pathogens. This study aims to investigate the interference effects of DON on the intestinal porcine HDPs expression in piglets and intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) cells, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms through which it functions. In an animal experiment, intestinal HDPs were determined in weaned piglets fed control and 1.28 mg/kg or 2.89 mg/kg DON-contaminated diets. Dietary exposure to DON significantly decreased piglet average daily gain, increased intestinal permeability and depressed the expression of porcine β-defensin1 (pBD1), pBD2, pBD3, epididymis protein 2 splicing variant C (pEP2C), PMAP23, and proline/arginine-rich peptide of 39 amino acids (PR39) in the intestine (p < 0.05). In IPEC-J2 cells, DON decreased cell viability and inhibited the expression of pBD1, pBD3, pEP2C, PG1-5, and PR39 (p < 0.05). NOD2, key regulator that is responsible for HDPs production, was markedly downregulated, whereas caspase-12 was activated in the presence of DON. In conclusion, DON induced caspase-12 activation and inhibited the NOD2-mediated HDPs production, which led to an impaired intestinal barrier integrity of weaned piglets. Our study provides a promising target for future therapeutic strategies to prevent the adverse effects of DON.

Regulation of human epithelial tight junction proteins by Lactobacillus plantarum in vivo and protective effects on the epithelial barrier

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (6) ◽  
pp. G851-G859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgen Karczewski ◽  
Freddy J. Troost ◽  
Irene Konings ◽  
Jan Dekker ◽  
Michiel Kleerebezem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Epithelial Tight Junction ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Probiotic Mechanisms

Lactobacillus plantarum , a commensal bacterium of humans, has been proposed to enhance the intestinal barrier, which is compromised in a number of intestinal disorders. To study the effect of L. plantarum strain WCFS1 on human barrier function, healthy subjects were administered L. plantarum or placebo in the duodenum for 6 h by means of a feeding catheter. The scaffold protein zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and transmembrane protein occludin were found to be significantly increased in the vicinity of the tight-junction (TJ) structures, which form the paracellular seal between cells of the epithelium. In an in vitro model of the human epithelium, L. plantarum induced translocation of ZO-1 to the TJ region; however, the effects on occludin were minor compared with those seen in vivo. L. plantarum was shown to activate Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling, and treatment of Caco-2 monolayers with the TLR2 agonist Pam3-Cys-SK4(PCSK) significantly increased fluorescent staining of occludin in the TJ. Pretreatment of Caco-2 monolayers with L. plantarum or PCSK significantly attenuated the effects of phorbol ester-induced dislocation of ZO-1 and occludin and the associated increase in epithelial permeability. Our results identifying commensal bacterial stimulation of TLR2 in the gut epithelium as a regulator of epithelial integrity have important implications for understanding probiotic mechanisms and the control of intestinal homeostasis.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 16 and Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 Against Clostridium perfringens Infection in Broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Gong ◽  
Baikui Wang ◽  
Yuanhao Zhou ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Zihan Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
No Production ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Protective Effects

This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 16 (Lac16) and Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 (BSC10) against Clostridium perfringens (Cp) infection in broilers. A total of 720 one-day-old chicks were randomly divided into four groups. The control and Cp group were only fed a basal diet, while the two treatment groups received basal diets supplemented with Lac16 (1 × 108 cfu·kg−1) and BSC10 (1 × 108 cfu·kg−1) for 21 days, respectively. On day 1 and days 14 to 20, birds except those in the control group were challenged with 1 × 108 cfu C. perfringens type A strain once a day. The results showed that both Lac16 and BSC10 could ameliorate intestinal structure damage caused by C. perfringens infection. C. perfringens infection induced apoptosis by increasing the expression of Bax and p53 and decreasing Bcl-2 expression and inflammation evidence by higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, and IL-10 in the ileum mucosa, and NO production in jejunal mucosa, which was reversed by Lac16 and BSC10 treatment except for IL-1β (P &lt; 0.05). Besides, the two probiotics restored the intestinal microbiota imbalance induced by C. perfringens infection, characterized by the reduced Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and the increased Bacteroidetes at the phyla level and decreased Bacteroides fragilis and Gallibacterium anatis at the genus level. The two probiotics also reversed metabolic pathways of the microbiota in C. perfringens-infected broilers, including B-vitamin biosynthesis, peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and pyruvate fermentation to acetate and lactate II pathway. In conclusion, Lac16 and BSC10 can effectively protect broilers against C. perfringens infection through improved composition and metabolic pathways of the intestinal microbiota, intestinal structure, inflammation, and anti-apoptosis.

scholarly journals Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on intestinal integrity and immune responses of chickens infected with Clostridium perfringens under the free-range or the specific pathogen free environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyue Xu ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Longfei Yu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Mingxing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
System Environment ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Free Environment

Abstract Background Necrotic enteritis, which is caused by Clostridium perfringens, has resulted in more than $2 billion losses in the poultry industry every year. Due to the ban of antibiotics in feed industry, alternatives like environment improvement and probiotics have been found to be effective as well. In our study, we aim to explore the protective effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on CP infected chickens in two environments. Results The results showed that the Clostridium perfringens administration led to visible and histomorphological gut lesions. In the specific pathogen free or free-range system environment, dietary supplementation with LP obvious increased the ratio of intestinal villus height to crypt depth and the expression of MUC2 mRNA in ileum mucosa, then reduced the mRNA expression level of TNF-α gene in the ileum mucosa. LP treatment significantly reduced the contents of total protein, total superoxide dismutase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in serum of the chickens. Conclusions The specific pathogen free environment contributed to the recovery of pre-inflammation of the chickens, and free-range system environment contributed to the repair of damage in the later stages of chicken inflammation. Supplementation of LP in FRS environment was more conducive to the recovery of CP infected in chickens.

Human thrombin-derived host defense peptides inhibit neutrophil recruitment and tissue injury in severe acute pancreatitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (9) ◽  
pp. G914-G921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Merza ◽  
Milladur Rahman ◽  
Songen Zhang ◽  
Rundk Hwaiz ◽  
Sara Regner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Severe Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Defense Peptides

Severe acute pancreatitis (AP) is characterized by leukocyte infiltration and tissue injury. Herein, we wanted to examine the potential effects of thrombin-derived host defense peptides (TDPs) in severe AP. Pancreatitis was provoked by infusion of taurocholate into the pancreatic duct or by intraperitoneal administration of l-arginine in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were treated with the TDPs GKY20 and GKY25 or a control peptide WFF25 30 min before induction of AP. TDPs reduced blood amylase levels, neutrophil infiltration, hemorrhage, necrosis, and edema formation in the inflamed pancreas. Treatment with TDPs markedly attenuated the taurocholate-induced increase in plasma levels of CXCL2 and interleukin-6. Moreover, administration of TDPs decreased histone 3, histone 4, and myeloperoxidase levels in the pancreas in response to taurocholate challenge. Interestingly, administration of TDPs abolished neutrophil expression of Mac-1 in mice with pancreatitis. In addition, TDPs inhibited CXCL2-induced chemotaxis of isolated neutrophils in vitro. Fluorescent-labeled TDP was found to directly bind to isolated neutrophils. Finally, a beneficial effect of TDPs was confirmed in l-arginine-induced pancreatitis. Our novel results demonstrate that TDPs exert protective effects against pathological inflammation and tissue damage in AP. These findings suggest that TDPs might be useful in the management of patients with severe AP.

scholarly journals Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on intestinal integrity and immune responses of egg-laying chickens infected with Clostridium perfringens under the free-range or the specific pathogen free environment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyue Xu ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Longfei Yu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Mingxing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
System Environment ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Free Environment

Abstract Background Necrotic enteritis, which is caused by Clostridium perfringens, has resulted in more than $2 billion losses in the poultry industry every year. Due to the ban of antibiotics in feed industry, alternatives like environment improvement and probiotics have been found to be effective as well. In our study, we aim to explore the protective effect of Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation on CP infected chickens in two environments. Results The results showed that the Clostridium perfringens administration led to visible and histomorphological gut lesions. In the specific pathogen free or free-range system environment, dietary supplementation with LP obvious increased the ratio of intestinal villus height to crypt depth and the expression of MUC2 mRNA in ileum mucosa, then reduced the mRNA expression level of TNF-α gene in the ileum mucosa. LP treatment significantly reduced the contents of total protein, total superoxide dismutase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in serum of the chickens. Conclusions The specific pathogen free environment contributed to the recovery of pre-inflammation of the chickens, and free-range system environment contributed to the repair of damage in the later stages of chicken inflammation. Supplementation of LP in FRS environment was more conducive to the recovery of CP infected in chickens.

scholarly journals Butyrate and Forskolin Augment Host Defense, Barrier Function, and Disease Resistance Without Eliciting Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsy Robinson ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Bridget Aylward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Peptide Array ◽  
Host Defense Peptides ◽  
Inducible Camp Early Repressor

Host defense peptides (HDPs) are an integral part of the innate immune system with both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Induction of endogenous HDP synthesis is being actively explored as an antibiotic-alternative approach to disease control and prevention. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, and forskolin, a phytochemical, have been shown separately to induce HDP gene expression in human cells. Here, we investigated the ability of butyrate and forskolin to induce the expressions of chicken HDP genes and the genes involved in barrier function such as mucin 2 and claudin 1 both in vitro and in vivo. We further evaluated their efficacy in protecting chickens from Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis. Additionally, we profiled the transcriptome and global phosphorylation of chicken HD11 macrophage cells in response to butyrate and forskolin using RNA sequencing and a kinome peptide array, respectively. Our results showed a strong synergy between butyrate and forskolin in inducing the expressions of several, but not all, HDP genes. Importantly, dietary supplementation of butyrate and a forskolin-containing plant extract resulted in significant alleviation of intestinal lesions and the C. perfringens colonization in a synergistic manner in a chicken model of necrotic enteritis. RNA sequencing revealed a preferential increase in HDP and barrier function genes with no induction of proinflammatory cytokines in response to butyrate and forskolin. The antiinflammatory and barrier protective properties of butyrate and forskolin were further confirmed by the kinome peptide array. Moreover, we demonstrated an involvement of inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER)-mediated negative feedback in HDP induction by butyrate and forskolin. Overall, these results highlight a potential for developing butyrate and forskolin, two natural products, as novel antibiotic alternatives to enhance intestinal health and disease resistance in poultry and other animals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document