scholarly journals Application of Telehealth in Prenatal Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Survey of Polish Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2570
Author(s):  
Dominik Jakubowski ◽  
Dorota Sys ◽  
Anna Kajdy ◽  
Roksana Lewandowska ◽  
Ewa Kwiatkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Healthcare Model ◽  
Access To Medical Care ◽  
Safe Access

To reduce the risk of infection of SARS-CoV-2 during commuting to the clinic or due to contact with medical staff, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has recommended arranging some appointments in the form of “telehealth”. The aim of the study was to assess the access to medical care in pregnancy during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the role of telehealth in the implementation of prenatal care standards. This is a cross-sectional study. The study group included 618 women who were pregnant and/or gave birth in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of the participants experienced difficulties accessing medical care because of the pandemic. The correlation between this experience and the use of the hybrid healthcare model was established. The affiliation to public or private healthcare was irrelevant. There was no relationship between healthcare (private/public or in-person/hybrid) and implementation of the prenatal care standards. To ensure safe access to prenatal care for pregnant women, recommendations for a hybrid pregnancy management model should be created with detailed information regarding which appointments patients must be present for in-person and which can be conducted remotely. To reduce the risks associated with movement and interpersonal contact, all visits during which tests and screenings take place should be conducted in-person; other appointments can be arranged in the form of telehealth.

scholarly journals Hand Hygiene Knowledge, Perception, and Practices among Domestic Visitors to the Prophet’s Mosque in Al Madinah City Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Hashim A. Mahdi ◽  
Hamza M. Assaggaf ◽  
Mohammad Alfelali ◽  
Omar B. Ahmed ◽  
Radi Alsafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Graduate Education ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

This study aimed to assess hand hygiene knowledge, perception, and practices of visitors to the Prophet’s Mosque in Al Madinah City, Saudi Arabia. Using a self-administered electronic questionnaire, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among domestic residents, who visited the mosque between 31 July and 3 August 2020. Participants’ demographic data, hand hygiene knowledge, perception, and practices were collected. Four hundred participants aged 18–65 (median 36) years completed the survey, of which 215 (53.8%) were female. The visitors’ mean knowledge score about hand hygiene was 6.4 (± standard deviation (SD) 1.35) of total 12. Most participants (392, 98%) were aware of the role of hand hygiene in preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19); nevertheless, 384 (96%) said hand hygiene lowers body immunity and 316 (79%) thought <60% alcohol is sufficient for hand disinfection. Males had a higher knowledge score than females (6.46 (±1.41) vs. 6.14 (±1.27), p = 0.02) and, visitors who had no formal education scored higher than those with post-graduate education (6.88 (±1.45) vs 5.73 (±1.12), p = 0.01). Washing hands with soap and water was the predominant method practiced after a meal (365, 91.7%), after toilet visit (354, 88.5%), after touching a surface (262, 65.7%), after waste disposal (332, 83.2%), and when hands were visibly dirty (357, 89.5%). Al Madinah visitors had moderate knowledge about hand hygiene, but demonstrated some knowledge gaps and negligence in practice that are crucial to curb the spread of COVID-19.

scholarly journals The Association of Parent-Child Communication With Internet Addiction in Left-Behind Children in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Cai ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Jingjing Lu ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Parent Child Communication ◽  
Parent Child

Objective: Internet addiction has emerged as a growing concern worldwide. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of Internet addiction between left-behind children (LBC) and non-left-behind children (non-LBC), and explore the role of paternal and maternal parent-child communication on LBC.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in rural areas in Anhui, China. The complete data were available from 699 LBC and 740 non-LBC. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine 1) whether LBC were more likely to develop Internet addiction, and 2) the association between parent-child communication and Internet addiction among LBC.Results: LBC had a higher likelihood to report Internet addiction when compared to non-LBC (OR = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.43–2.88, p &lt; 0.001). Among LBC, parent-child communication (both mother-child and father-child) was protective factor for children’s Internet addiction. The role of mother-child communication played well among male LBC.Conclusions: The lack of parental supervision may lead to Internet addiction. It is highly recommended for migrant parents to improve the quality of communication with their children. Also, gender-matching effects should be considered in the relationship between children’s behavior and parental factors.

scholarly journals Perceptions, experiences and expectations of physicians regarding the role of pharmacists in low-income and middle-income countries: the case of Tehran hospital settings

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e019237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Alipour ◽  
Farzad Peiravian ◽  
Gholamhossein Mehralian
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
General Drug ◽  
Perceptions And Expectations

ObjectivePharmacists play a pivotal role in the health continuum, and the perceptions and expectations of physicians towards pharmacists have been reported as a key factor in the interprofessional relationship. This study aimed to elicit the perceptions and expectations of physicians towards the role of pharmacists in hospitals to clarify the level of interaction between physicians and pharmacists in hospital settings.DesignA cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted to collect data in 2016.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out at 20 large government hospitals in Tehran Province. Data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of four sections. It includes a section on demographic profile and three sections to measure the perceptions of physicians towards pharmacists, the expectations of physicians and their experiences with pharmacists, respectively.ResultsMore than two-thirds of physicians (67.2%) agreed that pharmacists were a reliable source of general drug information. The majority of physicians (90.6%) expected pharmacists to advise their patients about the dose and administration of their medications. Almost half of the physicians (51.6%) agreed that they were usually informed by pharmacists regarding potential problems in their prescriptions. Both senior and junior residents had the view that pharmacists would inform them if any potential problems with their prescriptions were discovered (P=0.04).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that physicians had positive view on pharmacists’ clinically defined roles and also accepted pharmacists as a valuable source of general drug information. However, the perceptions and expectations of physicians towards pharmacists did not match their real experience. Therefore, improving the awareness of physicians about the benefits of interprofessional collaboration with pharmacists seems to be a key step towards the implementation of pharmaceutical care practices in Iran.

scholarly journals Knowledge of the Relatives of Thalassemia Patients with Special Regards to Splenectomy as a Treatment Modality: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Neeraj Dewanda ◽  
Ankit kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Congenital Origin

Background: Thalassemia is a hereditary autosomal recessive haemoglobinopathy that remains a major health problem throughout the world. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge of the relatives of Thalassemia patients regarding different aspects of Thalassemia with special emphasis on the role of splenectomy. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a Government Tertiary Thalassemia day care centre. Initially, 131 relatives of Thalassemia patients were interviewed. Excluding 10 relatives, 87 (66.4 %) relatives having knowledge of splenectomy were further interviewed regarding various aspects of splenectomy. Result: In our survey, 67.2 % relatives had knowledge about the congenital origin of the disease. The knowledge about premarriage counselling, risk of consanguineous marriage, antenatal screening and medical termination of pregnancy was 55%, 29.8%, 70.2% and 64.1% respectively. Although all (100%) relatives knew about regular blood transfusion and iron chelation, only 74% and 63.4% of the relatives had the knowledge about splenectomy and bone marrow transplant as a treatment modality, respectively. In 87 relatives interviewed further, 37.9 % came to know about splenectomy from other relatives. The indications of splenectomy known were: splenomegaly (98.8%), increased blood transfusion (68.9%), low platelet count (20.6%) and low TLC (4.6%). Only 47.1% were aware about the optimal age of splenectomy. Awareness about serious complication of OPSI, its prevention by preoperative vaccinations and postoperative chemoprophylaxis was only 48.3%, 62% and 46% respectively. Around 59% knew about role of blood transfusion and 74.7% were aware about the need of regular follow up after splenectomy

scholarly journals Evaluating the role and integration of general practice pharmacists in England: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah A. Alshehri ◽  
Ejaz Cheema ◽  
Asma Yahyouche ◽  
M. Sayeed Haque ◽  
Zahraa Jalal
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

AbstractBackground Since 2015, NHS England has facilitated the recruitment of pharmacists in general practice (GP) to reduce workload of general practitioners. The role of pharmacists is therefore expected to become more clinical and patient oriented. However, little is known about the current roles performed and the integration of GP pharmacists. Objective To assess the role performed by GP pharmacists and their integration into practice exploring facilitators and barriers to integration. Setting A cross-sectional survey of GP pharmacists in England. Method This study used both online and paper-based questionnaires for a period of six months. Survey items included demographics, roles performed, integration including available support and practice environment. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and 95% confidence intervals. Open comments were analysed thematically to identify pharmacists’ perceptions of barriers and facilitators to their integration into practice. Main outcome measure Current role and integration of pharmacists into GP. Results 195 participants completed the questionnaire. Three quarters of pharmacists (76%) had only been in GP since 2015. Most pharmacists (81%) were independent prescribers (PIPs). The most reported pharmacists’ roles were medicine reconciliation (95%), telephone support for patients (95%) and face-to-face medication review (91%). 82% (95% CI: 76% to 86.8%) were satisfied with their overall integration into practice. Half of pharmacists (45%) were working in a shared office or at a hot desk and 9% had no designated workspace. PIPs had more access to a convenient workplace (p = 0.016) compared to non-IPs. Conclusion Practice pharmacists are fulfilling a wide range of clinical and non-clinical roles in England. Findings highlight relatively a satisfactory level of pharmacists’ integration into practice and shed the light on their integration issues. These findings could be significant for the development of future roles of pharmacists in GP.

The Role of Men During Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study of Perceptions and Beliefs of Primary Caregivers in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2199318
Author(s):  
Heidi J. Niedfeldt ◽  
Trent E. Sever ◽  
Rilee Smith ◽  
Elizabeth A. Davis ◽  
Generose Mulokozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Antenatal Visits ◽  
Role Of Men

This study examined the relationship between men’s involvement and primary caregivers’ antenatal visits, acquiring antenatal tablets, and working less during pregnancy. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 5,000 Tanzanian primary caregivers living in households with one or more children under the age of 2 years. Results indicated that primary caregivers who received help from their husband/partner, or perceived that men in their community helped their pregnant spouses, were more likely to practice healthy antenatal care behaviors, including attending antenatal visits, acquiring antenatal tablets, and working less during pregnancy. Similarly, women who thought that all their friends receive help from their husbands/partners were twice as likely to reduce their workload during their pregnancy. These findings suggest the importance of male involvement and support during pregnancy in order to improve antenatal care, reduce workload, and increase tablet consumption among primary caregivers.

Drivers and barriers to clinical trials (CTs) participation among oncological and non-oncological patients in Poland: A cross sectional survey.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e24191-e24191
Author(s):  
Artur Kotowski ◽  
Dariusz Świetlik ◽  
Maja Dominika Kotowska ◽  
Michał Wronowski ◽  
Andrzej Mariusz Fal
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Access To Medical Care

e24191 Background: Understanding patients decision-making process regarding participation in a clinical trial (CT) is crucial for research associates. It enables efficient recruitment and timely completion of a study. The patients perspective is becoming increasingly important worldwide however Polish patients attitudes to CTs have not been studied well enough yet. This study analyses multiple factors influencing oncological (onco) and non-oncological (non-onco) patients decisions to participate in CTs. Methods: Total of 401 hospitalized adults who have never participated in a CT were recruited to take a paper and pencil interview survey. 211 patients (52.6%) were diagnosed or treated for cancer and 190 (47.4%) for non-oncological diseases. The majority of respondents were: (1) women: 256 (63.8%), (2) people with secondary education: 223 (55.6%), (3) at the age of 60-69: 147 (36.7%), (4) living in cities over 100k inhabitants: 179 (44.8%). Results: If proposed, 49.9% of all respondents would agree to be enrolled in a CT (non-onco 52.1% vs onco 47.8%, p = 0.61); 14.9% would refuse (13.3% vs 16.3% respectively) and 35.2% were not certain about the decision (34.6% vs 35.9%). Top two drivers for participation in CTs of non-onco patients were: chance of receiving a new drug (78.6%) and better access to medical care (74.5%), while for oncological respondents: better access to medical care (77.0%) and to additional diagnostic tests (76.0%). Altruism was declared by a total of 54.5% respondents. Main reasons for not participating were: concerns about toxicity – 57.6% (p = 0.14), about lack of efficacy – 44.1% (p = 0.01) and refusal to be a “guinea pig” – 59.3% (p = 0.23). For uncertain respondents, the most convincing factors for enrollment was a terminal phase of the disease: 57.1% in total (onco 69.3% vs non-onco 43.1%, p = 0.01). The results of subanalyses based on demography and type of diagnosis were not of statistical significance. Conclusions: The willingness to participate in CTs is high, which is mainly driven by a chance for a better access to medical care and additional diagnostic tests. Improved access to state-financed care and innovative medicines for chronically ill patients in Poland are needed.

Middle class’ investment in human capital: Consumption of paid services in education and medicine

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-85
Author(s):  
A. I. Pishnyak ◽  
A. R. Goriainova ◽  
E. A. Nazarbaeva ◽  
N. V. Khalina
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Investment Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education And Health

The topic of the middle class is back among the most relevant in recent years against the background of searching for growth drivers for the economy and the key to social stability of society. The expectations placed on the middle class often seem excessive and contradictory, but there are perspectives in which this stratum of society differs significantly from other Russians. This article examines the role of the middle class as a provider of changes and new standards of consumption through investment practices in the development of human capital. The focus is on the consumption of paid services in education and health, both in dynamics over a period of almost 20 years, and based on data from a special cross-sectional study of the middle class conducted in 2018. An assessment of the dynamics of consumption of paid services shows that the Russian middle class is actively increasing investment in human capital in favorable economic conditions and is trying to maintain the existing level of consumption in times of crisis, while remaining the leader in the consumption of these services among the population. A factor model of investment behavior of the middle class built on the data of a special cross-sectional survey highlights the differentiation of behavior of various socio-economic groups in its composition. The study takes into account the heterogeneity of the middle class and analyzes the behavior of its core and other representatives.

Evaluating the knowledge of health professionals on the prevention of myelomeningocele

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Cristina De Souza Carvalho ◽  
Adriano Almeida Calado ◽  
Maria Inês Bezerra de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
De Se

ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the knowledge of healthcare professionals on the prevention of myelomeningocele in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, with regard to time, dosage, and period for using folic acid, as well as its actual impact as a preventive measure. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Cisam/UPE under the Opinion 025/07, CAAE 0020.0.250.000-07. Method: this is a cross-sectional study, carried out in the sanitary districts of Recife city, in which 90 healthcare professionals (nurses and physicians) involved with prenatal care at health units were evaluated, between January and October 2008. Results: 93% of these professionals are women. Most of them is specialized in family health, with more than five years experience in prenatal care appointments, in which folic acid is regularly prescribed. With regard to the self-evaluation on the importance of folic acid, 28% considered themselves to have a great knowledge about it and 69% considered themselves to have a reasonable knowledge about it. Conclusion: those healthcare professionals who are less experienced in prenatal care have a greater knowledge on the role of folic acid for the prevention of myelomeningocele and that there was no statistically significant association between the length of experience in prenatal care and the correct  use of folic acid during pregnancy (p > 0.05). It is worth stressing the importance of creating educative campaigns, both for the woman who intends to get pregnant and those one who is pregnant, as well as intensification of permanent education in the family health units (FHUs), since the healthcare professional, as observed in this study, remains unprepared to offer a satisfactory  prevention of myelomeningocele. Descriptors: myelomeningocele; neural tube defects; folic acid; prevention.RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar o conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde sobre a prevenção da mielomeningocele em Recife-PE, quanto à época, dosagem e período da utilização do ácido fólico e seu o real impacto como medida preventiva. Método: estudo do tipo corte transversal, realizado nos distritos sanitários da cidade do Recife, no qual foram avaliados 90 profissionais de saúde (enfermeiros e médicos) envolvidos no atendimento pré-natal das unidades de saúde, entre janeiro e outubro de 2008 após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética do Cisam n. 025/07, CAAE 0020.0.250.000-07. Resultados: 93% desses profissionais são do sexo feminino. A maioria dos profissionais é especializada em saúde da família, com experiência de mais de cinco anos em consultas de pré-natal, nas quais se prescreve o ácido fólico regularmente. No que se refere à autoavaliação sobre a importância do ácido fólico, 28% consideraram ter alto conhecimento e 69% consideraram ter razoável conhecimento. Conclusão: aqueles profissionais que estão há menos tempo no atendimento pré-natal têm um maior conhecimento do papel do ácido fólico na prevenção da mielomeningocele e que não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o tempo de atuação na área pré-natal e o uso correto do ácido fólico na gestação (p > 0,05). Vale ressaltar a importância de se instituir campanhas educativas, tanto para a mulher que pretende engravidar quanto para a gestante, assim como a intensificação da educação permanente nas unidades de saúde da família (USFs), já que o profissional de saúde, como observado neste estudo, ainda está despreparado para oferecer uma satisfatória prevenção da mielomeningocele. Descritores: mielomeningocele; defeitos do tubo neural; ácido fólico; prevenção.RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar el conocimiento de los profesionales de la salud acerca de la prevención de la mielomeningocele en Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, en cuanto a la época, dosificación y período del uso de ácido fólico y su impacto real como medida preventiva. Método: esto es un estudio de corte transversal, realizado en los distritos sanitarios de la ciudad de Recife, que evaluó a 90 profesionales de la salud (enfermeros y médicos) que trabajan con la atención prenatal de las unidades de salud, entre enero y octubre de 2008. Resultados: 93% de eses profesionales son mujeres. La mayoría es especializada en salud de la familia, con experiencia de más de cinco años en consultas prenatales, donde el ácido fólico es prescrito con regularidad. En lo que respecta a la autoevaluación acerca de la importancia del ácido fólico, 28% consideraron tener un profundo conocimiento y 69% consideraron tener un razonable conocimiento. Conclusión: aquellos profesionales que están trabajando hay menos tiempo con la atención prenatal tienen un mejor conocimiento del papel del ácido fólico en la prevención de mielomeningocele y que no hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el tiempo de trabajo en la área de prenatal y el uso correcto del ácido fólico durante el embarazo (p > 0,05). Vale resaltar la importancia de instituir campañas educativas, tanto para la mujer que pretende quedar embarazada como para la mujer embarazada, así como la intensificación de la formación continua en las unidades de salud de la familia (USFs), ya que el profesional de la salud, como se observó en este estudio, aún no está preparado para ofrecer una prevención satisfactoria de la mielomeningocele. Descriptores: mielomeningocele; defectos del tubo neural; ácido fólico; prevención. 

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