scholarly journals Health Risks of Sarcopenic Obesity in Overweight Children and Adolescents: Data from the CHILT III Programme (Cologne)

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Carolin Sack ◽  
Nina Ferrari ◽  
David Friesen ◽  
Fabiola Haas ◽  
Marlen Klaudius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Bicycle Ergometry ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Sarcopenic obesity is increasingly found in youth, but its health consequences remain unclear. Therefore, we studied the prevalence of sarcopenia and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors as well as muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness using data from the German Children’s Health InterventionaL Trial (CHILT III) programme. In addition to anthropometric data and blood pressure, muscle and fat mass were determined with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Sarcopenia was classified via muscle-to-fat ratio. A fasting blood sample was taken, muscular fitness was determined using the standing long jump, and cardiorespiratory fitness was determined using bicycle ergometry. Of the 119 obese participants included in the analysis (47.1% female, mean age 12.2 years), 83 (69.7%) had sarcopenia. Affected individuals had higher gamma-glutamyl transferase, higher glutamate pyruvate transaminase, higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, higher diastolic blood pressure, and lower muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness (each p < 0.05) compared to participants who were ‘only’ obese. No differences were found in other parameters. In our study, sarcopenic obesity was associated with various disorders in children and adolescents. However, the clinical value must be tested with larger samples and reference populations to develop a unique definition and appropriate methods in terms of identification but also related preventive or therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals C-reactive protein is inversely and independently associated with maximal oxygen uptake in adolescents with obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-469
Author(s):  
João Elias Dias Nunes ◽  
Heitor Santos Cunha ◽  
Renata Roland Teixeira ◽  
Foued S. Espindola ◽  
Nádia Carla Cheik
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Control Plasma

The purposes of this study were: 1) investigate whether different markers of infl ammation (CRP and TNF-alpha) are correlated to cardiorespiratory fi tness in adolescents with obesity; 2) examine the association of these variables when adjusted by parameters of body composition. Were selected 57 individuals, 34 girls and 23 boys, with 16.4±1.56 years and body mass index 36.0±4.3 kg/m2. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height and abdominal circunference) and body composition (BMI, visceral fat, body fat) were assessment. Body composition was estimated by analyzer of tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance. Obesity was defi ned as BMI>95th percentile of the curve proposed by the Center for Diseases Control. Plasma TNF-alpha was measured by a quantitative two-site high-sensitivity enzyme immunoassay and CRP was measured by high-sensitivityimmunoturbidimetric assay. Graded maximal exercise testing was performed to obtain the maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and velocity associated with the VO2max (vVO2max). Signifi cant correlations of CRP with VO2max and vVO2max were found (r=-0.40 and r=-0,36, respectively). No correlations were observed between TNF-alpha and VO2max e vVO2max. CRP was associated to the VO2max and vVO2max independently of measurements of body composition. The CRP was independently and inversely associated with direct measurement of VO2max and the indirect variable of cardiorespiratory fitness vVO2max, in obese adolescents, even after adjustments in body composition, a potential confounding factor. No association was found between TNF-alpha and the parameters of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Risk Markers (Fibrinogen & Gamma Glutamyl Transferase) in Obese Males

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3312-3314
Author(s):  
Shagufta Khaliq ◽  
Mudassar Ali Roomi ◽  
Shaheena Naz ◽  
Komal Iqbal ◽  
Muhammad Imran Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Aim: To determine and compare gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fibrinogen among obese males with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Second objective was to investigate correlation between blood pressure and GGT. Methodology: Sixty-four obese males aged 20-45 years with BMI > 25kg/m2 were included by convenience sampling. The study was conducted, after obtaining ethical approval from IRB, at the Department of Physiology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore from August 2014 to May 2015. Participants having acute or chronic inflammatory conditions were excluded. Participants were screened for OSA by Berlin and STOP BANG questionnaires. Diagnosis of OSA was made by overnight portable pulse oximetry. The participants were divided into two groups. Group I had 32 obese males with OSA. Group II contained 32 obese males without OSA. After an overnight fasting of 10-12 hours blood samples were drawn. Serum fibrinogen and GGT were measured by spectrophotometer. The data was analyzed using SPSS-22. Quantitative variables were compared between the two groups by Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman correlation was used to correlate blood pressure and GGT among the participants. Results: Fibrinogen was significantly raised (p=0.015) in obese males with OSA. Systolic blood pressure (p=0.003), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001) and mean arterial blood pressure (p<0.001) showed strong positive correlation with GGT in obese males with OSA. Conclusion: Proinflammatory, procoagulant and proatherogenic marker fibrinogen levels were significantly raised in obese otherwise healthy males with OSA. Oxidative stress marker GGT showed strong positive correlation with blood pressure in obese males with OSA. Keywords: Fibrinogen, gamma glutamyl transferase, inflammation, obstructive sleep apnea, oxidative stress

scholarly journals Lead Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease among Young and Middle-Aged Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Lead and its effects on cardiovascular-related markers were explored in this cross-sectional study of young adults (18–44 years) and middle-aged adults (45–65 years) from the United States using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2009–2016. Degrees of exposure were created using blood lead level (BLL) as the biomarker of exposure based on the epidemiologically relevant threshold of BLL > 5 μg/dL. The mean values, in addition to the percentages of people represented for the markers of interest (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], gamma-glutamyl transferase [GGT], non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [non-HDL-C]) were explored. Among those exposed to lead, the likelihood of elevated clinical markers (as defined by clinically relevant thresholds of above normal) were examined using binary logistic regression. In exploring exposure at the 5 μg/dL levels, there were significant differences in all the mean variables of interest between young and middle-aged adults. The binary logistic regression showed young and middle-aged adults exposed to lead were significantly more likely to have elevated markers (apart from DBP). In all, lead affects cardiovascular-related markers in young and middle-aged U.S. adults and thus we must continue to monitor lead exposure to promote health.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: mediation analysis of crosssectional study. [Riesgo cardiometabólico en niños y adolescentes: análisis de mediación de un estudio transversal].

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (65) ◽  
pp. 204-220
Author(s):  
Noelia González-Gálvez ◽  
◽  
Jose Carlos Ribeiro ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fitness Level

The aims of this study were a) to assess whether obesity acts as a mediator between i) cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mean blood pressure; and ii) between between physical activity (PA) and mean blodd pressure in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a 632 children and adolescents. It was measured mean blood pressure, body mass index, fat mass and waist circumference. CRF and PA was assessing with Course Navette test and ActiGraph. The analysis of the mediation was performed using Process macro for SPSS. The results indicate that obesity acts as a partial mediation in the association between CRF and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -5.81 to -5.40; all p˂0.000). These results indicate that obesity acts as a complete mediator in the association between PA and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -4.49 to -1.94; all p˂0.000). Our result reinforces the relevance of prevent weight increse and improve cardiorespiratory fitness level since erly age in children and adolescents to prevent high mean blood pressure. Increasing the level of physical activity can influence on obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals Exploring the clinical value of preoperative serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels in the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Ke ◽  
Fu Xiang ◽  
Chunhong Xiao ◽  
Qizhen Huang ◽  
Xiaolong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Transarterial Chemoembolization ◽  
Radical Resection ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Preoperative Serum ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract Background Preoperative serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) levels is significantly related to the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its clinical value in the management of postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (PA-TACE) has rarely been explored. This study aimed to investigate whether γ-GT levels could be taken as a biomarker to guide the management of PA-TACE in resectable HCC. Methods HCC patients receiving radical resection were identified through the primary liver cancer big data (PLCBD) from December 2012 to December 2015. Prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were identified by univariate and multivariate cox analyses, and subgroup analysis was conducted between PA-TACE group and non-TACE stratified by γ-GT levels before and after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM). Results γ-GT level was found to be an independent risk factor of OS and DFS in 1847 HCC patients receiving radical resection (both P < 0.05), and patients with elevated γ-GT(> 54.0 U/L) have a shortened median OS and DFS, compared with those with normal γ-GT (both P < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients with normal γ-GT, there were no significant differences between groups of PA-TACE and non-TACE in terms of median OS and DFS before and after PSM (all P > 0.05), and PA-TACE was not a significant prognostic factor of both OS and DFS before and after PSM (all P > 0.05). In the subgroup of patients with elevated γ-GT, significant differences were found between groups of PA-TACE and non-TACE in terms of median OS and DFS before and after PSM (all P < 0.05), and PA-TACE was an independent prognostic factor of both OS and DFS (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Currently, we concluded that patients with more advanced HCC also have more elevated γ-GT, and these patients with elevated γ-GT would be benefited more from PA-TACE after radical resection.

scholarly journals Blood pressure-to-height ratio for diagnosing hypertension in adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Kristina Ambarita ◽  
Oke Rina Ramayani ◽  
Munar Lubis ◽  
Isti Ilmiati Fujiati ◽  
Rafita Ramayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
National High Blood Pressure

Background Diagnosing hypertension in children and adolescents is not always straightforward. The blood pressure-to-height ratio (BPHR) has been reported as a screening tool for diagnosing hypertension.Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of blood pressure-to-height ratio for evaluating hypertension in adolescents.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 432 healthy adolescents aged 12-17 years in Singkuang, North Sumatera from April to May 2016. Blood pressure tables from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program (NHBPEP) Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents were used as our standard of comparison. Sex-specific systolic and diastolic blood pressure-to-height ratios (SBPHR and DBPHR) were calculated. ROC curve analyses were performed to assess the accuracy of BPHR for discriminating between hypertensive and non-hypertensive adolescents. Optimal thresholds of BPHR were determined and validated using 2x2 table analyses.Results The accuracies of BPHR for diagnosing hypertension were > 90% (P<0.001), for both males and females. Optimal SBPHR and DBPHR thresholds for defining hypertension were 0.787 and 0.507 in boys, respectively, and 0.836 and 0.541 in girls, respectively. The sensitivities of SBPHR and DBPHR in both sexes were all >93%, and specificities in both sexes were all >81%. Positive predictive values for SBPHR and DBPHR were 38.7% and 45.2% in boys, respectively; and 55.9% and 42.4% in girls, respectively; negative predictive values in both sexes were all >97%, positive likelihood ratios in both sexes were all >5, and negative likelihood ratios in both sexes were all <1.Conclusion Blood pressure-to-height ratio is a simple screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing hypertension in adolescents.

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