scholarly journals Tachykinins and Kisspeptins in the Regulation of Human Male Fertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Blasco ◽  
Francisco M. Pinto ◽  
Cristina González-Ravina ◽  
Esther Santamaría-López ◽  
Luz Candenas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Human Fertility ◽  
The World

Infertility is a global disease affecting one out of six couples of reproductive age in the world, with a male factor involved in half the cases. There is still much to know about the regulation of human male fertility and thus we decided to focus on two peptide families that seem to play a key role in this function: tachykinins and kisspeptins. With this aim, we conducted an exhaustive review in order to describe the role of tachykinins and kisspeptins in human fertility and their possible implications in infertility etiopathogenesis. Many advances have been made to elucidate the roles of these two families in infertility, and multiple animal species have been studied, including humans. All of this knowledge could lead to new advances in male infertility diagnosis and treatment, but further research is needed to clarify all the implications of tachykinins and kisspeptins in fertility.

scholarly journals Impact of Heavy Metals on Human Male Fertility—An Overview

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1473
Author(s):  
Andrea López-Botella ◽  
Irene Velasco ◽  
Maribel Acién ◽  
Paula Sáez-Espinosa ◽  
José-Luis Todolí-Torró ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Heavy Metal Exposure ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Heavy Metal Assessment

Heavy metals are endocrine disruptors which interfere with processes mediated by endogenous hormones of the organism, negatively affecting endocrine functions. Some studies have correlated heavy metal exposure with male infertility. However, the number of studies conducted on humans are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is to summarize the current knowledge on how heavy metals influence human male fertility. Hence, three distinct databases were consulted—PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science—using single keywords and combinations of them. The total number of identified articles was 636. Nevertheless, by using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 144 articles were finally included in this work. Results display that the development of adequate instruments for heavy metal assessment may play an important function in human male fertility diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, clinical trials could be useful to confirm the role of heavy metals in human male fertility diagnosis. Overall, further research is required to fully understand the molecular and cellular basis of the influence of environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metals on human male infertility and reproductive outcomes.

scholarly journals Modern Algorithm for Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases in Men That Lead to Infertility

Health of Man ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Oleh Nikitin ◽  
Mykola Yasynetsky
Keyword(s):  
Married Couple ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Child Treatment ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The World

The problem of sterile marriage provides great importance throughout the world. Infertility is a condition that is accompanied by a number of diseases of the genital organs and systemic diseases of the male or female organism. According to various literary sources, about 50–100 million people suffer from infertility in the world, that is, one out of 5–7 couples of reproductive age suffers from infertility. The problem of infertility in marriage is of particular importance in the context of the demographic crisis in Ukraine, where the frequency of infertile marriage among married couples of reproductive age is 10,0–15,0 %, and in some regions this indicator is close to 20,0 %. In Ukraine, there are more than 1 million infertile married couples, the male factor in the structure of infertility is about 40-50 % of cases. Most authors point to the polyetiology of male infertility. In its development, a significant role is assigned to such factors as neuropsychic, infectious toxic, congenital and genetic reasons, exogenous and habitual intoxications, ionizing radiation, dysfunctions of the endocrine glands and other internal organs, exposure to temperatures, vascular disorders, damage to the genital organs and their autoimmune lesions. Infertility is a complex and multifaceted problem, and there are a lot of different questions which need to solve. Particular difficulties arise in determining the treatment tactics in cases where there is a combination of various causes of infertility in a married couple. Opportune examination of partners with using modern hardware, laboratory and genetic methods is very important, and it allows to prescribe an effective treatment. The use of reproductive technologies significantly expands the possibilities for solving the problem of infertility. However, their main purpose is the birth of a child; treatment of diseases that have led to infertility requires additional efforts. In this regard, the development of modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of sterile marriage remains one of the actual problems.

scholarly journals Is there a place for nutritional supplements in the treatment of idiopathic male infertility?

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Arcaniolo ◽  
Vincenzo Favilla ◽  
Daniele Tiscione ◽  
Francesca Pisano ◽  
Giorgio Bozzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Idiopathic Male Infertility ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Wide Variability

Objective: Infertility affects 15% of couples in fertile age. Male factor is a cause of infertility in almost half of cases, mainly due to oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). The purpose of this study is to review the effects of nutritional supplements as medical treatment for idiopathic male infertility. Material and methods: A Pub Med and Medline review of the published studies utilizing nutritional supplements for the treatment of male infertility has been performed. Results: Clinical trials on Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Vitamin C. Arginine, Carnitine, N-Acetyl-Carnitine, Glutathione, Coenzyme Q10, Selenium and Zinc were reviewed. Although there is a wide variability in selected population, dose regimen and final outcomes, nutritional supplements both alone and in combination seems to be able to improve semen parameters (sperm count, sperm motility and morphology) and pregnancy rate in infertile men. Conclusions: There are rising evidences from published randomized trials and systematic review suggesting that nutritional supplementation may improve semen parameters and the likelihood of pregnancy in men affected by OAT. This improvement, however, is not consistent and there is a wide variation in the treatment regimens used. Well designed and adequately powered RCTs are needed to better clarify the role of nutritional supplements as treatment for male infertility.

scholarly journals Role of isoprostanes in human male infertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 291-299
Author(s):  
Cinzia Signorini ◽  
Elena Moretti ◽  
Giulia Collodel
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Human Male

scholarly journals Role of Selective Autophagy in Spermatogenesis and Male Fertility

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2523
Author(s):  
Chunyu Lv ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Ying Guo ◽  
Shuiqiao Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Intracellular Pathogens ◽  
Selective Autophagy ◽  
Reproductive Processes ◽  
Infertile Patients ◽  
Shed Light

Autophagy is a “self-eating” process that engulfs cellular contents for their subsequent digestion in lysosomes to engage the metabolic need in response to starvation or environmental insults. According to the contents of degradation, autophagy can be divided into bulk autophagy (non-selective autophagy) and selective autophagy. Bulk autophagy degrades non-specific cytoplasmic materials in response to nutrient starvation while selective autophagy targets specific cargoes, such as damaged organelles, protein aggregates, and intracellular pathogens. Selective autophagy has been documented to relate to the reproductive processes, especially for the spermatogenesis, fertilization, and biosynthesis of testosterone. Although selective autophagy is vital in the field of reproduction, its role and the underlying mechanism have remained unclear. In this review, we focus on selective autophagy to discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism and role of selective autophagy on spermatogenesis and male fertility in mammals. Understanding the role of selective autophagy during spermatogenesis will promote the recognition of genetic regulation in male infertility, and shed light on therapies of infertile patients.

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding and managing male infertility

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Fainberg ◽  
James A. Kashanian
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
World Health ◽  
Testicular Sperm Extraction ◽  
Male Factor Infertility ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Shed Light

Infertility is a prevalent condition affecting an estimated 70 million people globally. The World Health Organization estimates that 9% of couples worldwide struggle with fertility issues and that male factor contributes to 50% of the issues. Male infertility has a variety of causes, ranging from genetic mutations to lifestyle choices to medical illnesses or medications. Recent studies examining DNA fragmentation, capacitation, and advanced paternal age have shed light on previously unknown topics. The role of conventional male reproductive surgeries aimed at improving or addressing male factor infertility, such as varicocelectomy and testicular sperm extraction, have recently been studied in an attempt to expand their narrow indications. Despite advances in the understanding of male infertility, idiopathic sperm abnormalities still account for about 30% of male infertility. With current and future efforts examining the molecular and genetic factors responsible for spermatogenesis and fertilization, we may be better able to understand etiologies of male factor infertility and thus improve outcomes for our patients.

scholarly journals Reply to Lack of evidence for a role of PIWIL1 variants in human male infertility

Cell ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 184 (8) ◽  
pp. 1943-1944
Author(s):  
Lan-Tao Gou ◽  
Yang Gao ◽  
Jun-Yan Kang ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Human Male

scholarly journals Role of diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 3156
Author(s):  
Deepa Shanmugham ◽  
Nambala Divya Sahitya ◽  
Sindhu Natarajan ◽  
Deepak Kannan Saravanany
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Tubal Factor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Infertility affects about 10-15% of reproductive age couples. The main causes of infertility include male factor, ovulatory disorders, tubal factor and endometriosis. This study was conducted to determine the role of Diagnostic hystero-laparoscopy (DHL) in the evaluation of female infertility.Methods: This study was a prospective study done in a tertiary care centre over a period of 1 year on all infertile couples. The exclusion criteria: male factor infertility, hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, acute pelvic inflammatory disease. Diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy was performed in all study patients in pre ovulatory phase, under general anaesthesia. The findings were then documented and analysed.Results: A total number of 90 patients were recruited for the study. The mean age of the patients was 28±3 years. The mean BMI of the study patients was 25±4 kg/m2. The mean duration of infertility was 5.4 years. On laparoscopy, 28 patients had polycystic ovaries (31.1%), 4 patients had pelvic adhesions (4.4%), 2 patients had endometriosis (2.2%) and tubal block was identified in 10 patients (11.11%). 10 patients had abnormal findings on hysteroscopy.Conclusions: Hystero laparoscopy is an effective diagnostic tool in the evaluation of infertility and has to be included in basic diagnostic workup.

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in spermatogenesis and male infertility

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghali Joshi ◽  
Singh Rajender
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Abstract Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a size of more than 200 bp and are known to regulate a host of crucial cellular processes like proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis by regulating gene expression. While small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, siRNAs, Piwi-interacting RNAs have been extensively studied in male germ cell development, the role of lncRNAs in spermatogenesis remains largely unknown. Objective In this article, we have reviewed the biology and role of lncRNAs in spermatogenesis along with the tools available for data analysis. Results and conclusions Till date, three microarray and four RNA-seq studies have been undertaken to identify lncRNAs in mouse testes or germ cells. These studies were done on pre-natal, post-natal, adult testis, and different germ cells to identify lncRNAs regulating spermatogenesis. In case of humans, five RNA-seq studies on different germ cell populations, including two on sperm, were undertaken. We compared three studies on human germ cells to identify common lncRNAs and found 15 lncRNAs (LINC00635, LINC00521, LINC00174, LINC00654, LINC00710, LINC00226, LINC00326, LINC00494, LINC00535, LINC00616, LINC00662, LINC00668, LINC00467, LINC00608, and LINC00658) to show consistent differential expression across these studies. Some of the targets of these lncRNAs included CENPB, FAM98B, GOLGA6 family, RPGR, TPM2, GNB5, KCNQ10T1, TAZ, LIN28A, CDKN2B, CDKN2A, CDKN1A, CDKN1B, CDKN1C, EZH2, SUZ12, VEGFA genes. A lone study on human male infertility identified 9879 differentially expressed lncRNAs with three (lnc32058, lnc09522, and lnc98497) of them showing specific and high expression in immotile sperm in comparison to normal motile sperm. A few lncRNAs (Mrhl, Drm, Spga-lncRNAs, NLC1-C, HongrES2, Tsx, LncRNA-tcam1, Tug1, Tesra, AK015322, Gm2044, and LncRNA033862) have been functionally validated for their roles in spermatogenesis. Apart from rodents and humans, studies on sheep and bull have also identified lncRNAs potentially important for spermatogenesis. A number of these non-coding RNAs are strong candidates for further research on their roles in spermatogenesis.

THE ROLE OF UROGENITAL INFECTIONS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MALE INFERTILITY

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Ж. Инкарбек ◽  
Ж. Турсынбеков ◽  
Е. Чакен ◽  
А.Х. Касымов ◽  
С.Б. Шалекенов
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
Urogenital Infections ◽  
The World ◽  
Tract Infections

Вопрос бесплодия на сегодняшний день остается актуальным как в Казахстане, так и во всем мире. На основании данных Всемирной Организации Здравоохранения, ежегодно число бесплодных пар составляет 4-5% от всеобщей популяции. Причин бесплодия - множество. Но одним из острых и первоочередных причин данной патологии является мужское бесплодие, частота возникновения которого составляет 48,8% от общего количества случаев. [1] По данным мировых исследований, в процентном соотношении причины мужского бесплодия составляют: бесплодие неясного генеза - 31,2%, варикоцеле - 14,7%, эндокринные нарушения - 8,45%, инфекции урогенитального тракта - 8,3%, иммунологические факторы - 4,8%, опухоли яичек - 1,17%. [2] The issue of infertility today remains relevant both in Kazakhstan and around the world. The World Health Organization accounts for 4-5% of the general population annually. There are many reasons for infertility. One of the acute and primary causes of this pathology is male infertility, the incidence of which is 48.8% of the total number of cases. According to world studies, the percentage of the causes of male infertility are: infertility of unknown origin - 31.2%, varicocele - 14.7%, endocrine disorders - 8.45%, infections of the urogenital tract - 8.3%, immunological factors - 4 , 8%, testicular tumors - 1.17%. Goal. Establishing the role of individual infections and their association of the urogenital tract in the development of male infertility. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of the GKP on the REM "City polyclinic No. 26" in Almaty. A retrospective analysis of individual cards of 538 men from 21 to 45 years old who consulted urologists with complaints of urination, pain and discomfort in the anogenital region and above the bosom from January to December 2020 was carried out. The patients were divided into two groups: the first group - 258 men suffering from infertility, and who have other causes of infertility, the second - 280 men with normal fertility. Diagnostic methods were selected: bacterial culture of urine and scraping from the urethra, PCR of urogenital infections. Result: The total dissemination of the urethra in patients of the first group is 3 times higher than in men of the second group. However, we were interested not only in the general dissemination and types of pathogens, as according to the literature [1,2] the most aggressive chlamydia trachomatis and ureoplasm. In our frequency of occurrence of chlamydial infection in both groups was 153 (59.3%) and 23 (8%); mycoplasma - 148 (57.3%) and 45 (16%); ureaplasma - 137 (53.1%) and 63 (22.5%); Candida - 98 (37.9%) and 35 (12.5%); Trichomonas - 87 (33.7%) and 48 (17.1%); gardnerella - 94 (36.4%) and 56 (20%) people, respectively. Conclusions. Urogenital tract infections are the main reason people see a doctor. Infections are one of the factors in the development of infertility in men. For infection of the urogenital tract, PCR is the most sensitive and accurate compared to urine culture and urethral scrapings. The total dissemination of urogenital infection in the group of men with infertility is 46.3%, in comparison with the group of men with a normal norm in whom the percentage of STIs is 16%, indicates a direct effect of urogenital infection on the development of the male population. Along with the revealed, as the main factor of influence of the reproductive system, chlamydia trachomatis 59.3%, mycoplasma 57.3%, ureoplasm 53.1%, which moved to the second and third place in the development of infertility in the studied men. This factor and methods of treatment will be studied in studies.

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