scholarly journals Application of Suitability Modeling in Establishing a New Bicycle–Pedestrian Path: The Case of the Abandoned Kanfanar–Rovinj Railway in Istria

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Ariana Modesto ◽  
Monika Kamenečki ◽  
Dora Tomić Reljić
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Weighted Linear Combination ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents research on the conversion of the abandoned Kanfanar–Rovinj railway into a bicycle–pedestrian path, with the aim of including it in the existing network of bicycle–pedestrian paths in the Istria County in Croatia. This would enable better connection of the repurposed railway corridor with the surrounding natural and cultural values and better use of the spatial potential, which would create more favorable conditions for the revitalization of the wider rural environment. In order to identify the existing potential of the area, as well as the impact of the proposed intervention on critical areas, a method of multicriteria analysis was used. The result of the analysis was a model of the suitability of the space, i.e., five value categories that make the space more or less suitable for accommodating new pedestrian and bicycle paths. In order to emphasize the importance of individual spatial contents in the modeling process, the method of weighted linear combination was used. Finally, the nature of the project and its potential impact on the environment have conditioned the selection of the appropriate aspect of the model and of the space’s suitability, which is further used for locating the new pedestrian and bicycle paths.

Investigating basal thaw as a potential driver of ice flow acceleration in Antarctica

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Dawson ◽  
Dustin Schroeder ◽  
Winnie Chu ◽  
Elisa Mantelli ◽  
Helene Seroussi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Ice Streams ◽  
Ice Flow ◽  
Flow Acceleration ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Basal Melting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Glacial thermal processes exert a fundamental control on ice flow, governing viscosity and frozen-to-thawed transitions at the ice-bed interface. Across Antarctica, frozen bed regions characterized by numerical models and geophysical observations, can also reduce ice flow by increasing basal traction. Some frozen bed regions can separate or confine fast-flowing glaciers and ice streams. Others separate inland catchments with thawed beds from the grounding zone of marine ice-sheet sectors. If regions with frozen bed experienced thawing, such a transition may lead to ice-sheet acceleration, reconfiguration, or retreat. To investigate the potential impact of such a thermal transition, we use the JPL/UCI Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM) to identify vulnerable regions across Antarctica that are close to the basal melting point. We assess the impact of thawing these regions by quantifying resulting volume changes and surface expressions. This allows us to identify the areas of the ice sheet where the thermal regime at the ice-bed interface has the largest potential impact on ice-sheet stability and sea-level contribution. We also examine the potential basal temperature and thaw-propagation thresholds governing this process. We then compare the ISSM results to a selection of ice-penetrating radar sounding observations to refine our constraints of the configuration, distribution, and extent of these thermally critical areas.</p>

scholarly journals Forward Planning for Scottish Gardens in the Face of Climate Change

2015 ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Chris Smart ◽  
Alan Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Climate Envelope ◽  
The Face ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climate Envelope Modelling ◽  
Partial Correction ◽  
Selection Of

The impact of climate change and its effects on gardens has so far received limited academic attention. This paper offers a partial correction of this imbalance by investigating the potential impact of climate change on a selection of common Scottish garden plants. A climate envelope modelling approach was taken, whereby wild species distribution data were used to build climate ‘envelopes’ or descriptions of the native climates of selected species. The envelope models were projected onto future climate scenarios for Scotland, allowing observations to be made regarding the climatic suitability of Scotland, both currently and into the future, for each of the plants studied. The models and predictions for four species are described here along with strengths and limitations of the methodology. It is suggested that this approach, or variations of it, could become a useful tool in forward planning for gardens in assisting efforts to mitigate the effect of climate change.

scholarly journals Accounting And Cultural Values: IFRS In 3G Economies

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 671 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Borker
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Recent Attempt ◽  
Shared Value ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Combined Work ◽  
India And China ◽  
Significant Attention

The 3G countriesrepresent the most recent attempt to identify a set of world economies thatwill exhibit the greatest growth by the middle of this century (Buiter andRahbari, 2011). They are classified by aGlobal Growth Generator, or 3G index, based on six specific growthdrivers. Of the eleven 3G countries identified,India and China have received the most significant attention previously, asmembers of the so-called BRIC countries.The remaining countries consist of Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iraq,Mongolia, Nigeria, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. This paper aims toshed light on the cultural/business mindset of managers in these countries, usingsurvey data and concepts of two internationally oriented scholars, GeertHofstede (1988) and S. J. Gray (1980). Their combined work has provided arobust framework for studies of the potential impact of cultural values onmanagement and accounting. In a previous paper, we examined the culturalcharacteristics of each 3G based on the Hofstede six cultural dimensions todetermine the unique and shared value characteristics of the 3Gs that mayaffect economic growth.(Borker, 2013a) Here, an accounting profile is developed foreach 3G based on cultural accounting values derived by Gray from Hofstedesdimensions. Profiles are created andcompared to one another, and to a proposed independent IFRS favorable profile (Borker, 2013b),as part of ananalysis of cultural and other factors that may affect the long-term success ofIFRS in the 3Gs. The impact of these profiles on several growth factors is alsodiscussed.

scholarly journals Issues of criteria normalization in the multicriteria analyzes in the design of roads

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Żabicki ◽  
Władysław Gardziejczyk
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Project Documentation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Multicriteria analysis is a method for supporting the decision process in a situation where there are many variants of road alignments analyzed during the preparation of project documentation of motorways, expressways and bypasses. It is based on an appropriate choice of assessment criteria and weights assigned to them. The aim of the multicriteria analysis is choose the most beneficial variant for road alignment from the point of view of transport, environmental, economic and social criteria. The criteria adopted for the multicriteria analysis can be expressed by using measurable or immeasurable parameters. In order to be able to compare and assess the variants, dimensionless quantities must be assigned to the all criteria. The process of replacing a dimension quantity with a dimensionless one is called normalization. Normalization may be performed on the basis of maximizing the variables (stimulants) or to minimize the variables (destimulants). The analyses presented in the article examine the impact of the adopted method of criteria normalization and the weights of the criteria used for the selection of a road variant.

scholarly journals The Determination of Priority Areas for the Construction of Green Roofs with Use of the Urban Area Valorisation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13227
Author(s):  
Kamila Pawłowska ◽  
Bartosz Jawecki
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Cells ◽  
Hardened Surface

The aim of the research was to valorise the analysed urbanized area in the direction of determining the hierarchy in the order of interventions aimed at increasing the share of biologically active area and natural field retention, the potential impact of green roofs on the valorisation of the studied urbanized areas. The research covered the Gajowice estate in Wrocław. The scope of the research included the division of the area into working cells, for which valorisation was carried out using the point method based on the criterion of the degree of covering the land with vegetation and the degree of covering the area with various types of buildings. The valorisation result was determined on the basis of a comparative matrix taking into account the results of the partial assessment of vegetation and building cover. The impact of green infrastructure (green roofs) on valorisation was simulated by proposing their location on buildings with the so-called big plate. The introduction of green roofs on selected buildings improved the valorisation result in some research cells, reducing the number of cells requiring intervention. This raised the valorisation assessment by even two classes, which resulted in a significant reduction in the number of critical areas, with too much hardened surface, and increased the number of areas with a satisfactory level of biologically active surfaces.

scholarly journals Multicriterial analysis in selecting a waste management system in region

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Generowicz
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Management System ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Large City ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction. The implementation of the European Union regulations into Polish law resulted in the establishment of such methods of dealing with waste in order to comply with the requirements of environmental protection and waste management plans. Each time the construction of another plant is a social and economic problem, therefore, the enhancement of the form and shape of such a system requires justification. The basic task of municipal waste management is to create technical conditions for the collection, transport, recovery, recycling and disposal of waste. The technical correctness of the system and the scope of the adverse impact resulting in lowering ecological, aesthetic and cultural values ​​will decide about its capital expenditure and operating costs. The large number of imposed, overlapping, and often conflicting goals means that finding a favourable solution and decisively accepting it is a very difficult task, often requiring a compromise. The solution will be based on searching for the shape of a waste management system that, under existing restrictions, will ensure the best possible implementation of specific objectives under the specific conditions of the region. Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to present the multicriteria analysis method as a tool for analysis and selection of the waste management system in the region. In the multicriteria analysis for the selection of the most beneficial solution, it is necessary to find a function integrating individual objectives into one overall assessment. However, it is possible to choose only one solution - a compromise, and then a consistent implementation of the tasks of the chosen scenario. The presented analysis presents an example for a large city in Poland - Krakow. Research results. The result of the presented calculations is the presentation of the assessment method for various waste management scenarios in the technical, socio-political and economic aspects. Such an assessment allows for an objective comparison between the presented waste management scenarios. Conclusions. The result of the presented methodology of multi-criteria evaluation and analysis is the selection of the most advantageous solution of the waste management system. The presented system was assessed in a multi-aspect manner and the result allows to indicate the best solution in the presented assumptions and limitations. The method is universal and can be used for other waste management and environmental management systems.

Methods for Restricting Maximum Exposure Rate in Computerized Adaptative Testing

Methodology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ramon Barrada ◽  
Julio Olea ◽  
Vicente Ponsoda
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Computerized Adaptive Testing ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Adaptive Testing ◽  
Exposure Rate ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Alternatives ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Maximum Exposure

Abstract. The Sympson-Hetter (1985) method provides a means of controlling maximum exposure rate of items in Computerized Adaptive Testing. Through a series of simulations, control parameters are set that mark the probability of administration of an item on being selected. This method presents two main problems: it requires a long computation time for calculating the parameters and the maximum exposure rate is slightly above the fixed limit. Van der Linden (2003) presented two alternatives which appear to solve both of the problems. The impact of these methods in the measurement accuracy has not been tested yet. We show how these methods over-restrict the exposure of some highly discriminating items and, thus, the accuracy is decreased. It also shown that, when the desired maximum exposure rate is near the minimum possible value, these methods offer an empirical maximum exposure rate clearly above the goal. A new method, based on the initial estimation of the probability of administration and the probability of selection of the items with the restricted method ( Revuelta & Ponsoda, 1998 ), is presented in this paper. It can be used with the Sympson-Hetter method and with the two van der Linden's methods. This option, when used with Sympson-Hetter, speeds the convergence of the control parameters without decreasing the accuracy.

Information and Communication Technology and Cultural Change

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hansen ◽  
Tom Postmes ◽  
Nikita van der Vinne ◽  
Wendy van Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ict For Development ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper studies whether and how information and communication technology (ICT) changes self-construal and cultural values in a developing country. Ethiopian children were given laptops in the context of an ICT for development scheme. We compared children who used laptops (n = 69) with a control group without laptops (n = 76) and a second control group of children whose laptop had broken down (n = 24). Results confirmed that after 1 year of laptop usage, the children’s self-concept had become more independent and children endorsed individualist values more strongly. Interestingly, the impact of laptop usage on cultural values was mediated by self-construal (moderated mediation). Importantly, modernization did not “crowd out” traditional culture: ICT usage was not associated with a reduction in traditional expressions (interdependent self-construal, collectivist values). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Pengaruh Budaya Terhadap Akuntansi, Auditing Dan Praktik Akuntansi Internasional

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
Priyastiwi Priyastiwi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
National Level ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Financial Disclosure ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article is to provide the basic model of Hofstede and Grays’ cultural values that relates the Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and Gray‘s accounting value. This article reviews some studies that prove the model and develop the research in the future. There are some evidences that link the Hofstede’s cultural values studies with the auditor’s judgment and decisions by developing a framework that categorizes the auditor’s judgments and decisions are most likely influenced by cross-cultural differences. The categories include risk assessment, risk decisions and ethical judgments. Understanding the impact of cultural factors on the practice of accounting and financial disclosure is important to achieve the harmonization of international accounting. Deep understanding about how the local values may affect the accounting practices and their impacts on the financial disclosure are important to ensure the international comparability of financial reporting. Gray’s framework (1988) expects how the culture may affect accounting practices at the national level. One area of the future studies will examine the impact of cultural dimensions to the values of accounting, auditing and decision making. Key word : Motivation, leadership style, job satisfaction, performance

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